Ludwig, Bernard

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","605"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","2"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Soil Science Society of America Journal"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","611"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","68"],["dc.contributor.author","Teepe, R."],["dc.contributor.author","Brumme, Rainer"],["dc.contributor.author","Beese, F."],["dc.contributor.author","Ludwig, B."],["dc.date.accessioned","2018-11-07T10:51:03Z"],["dc.date.available","2018-11-07T10:51:03Z"],["dc.date.issued","2004"],["dc.description.abstract","Fluxes of the greenhouse gases, N2O and CH4, were measured across a skid trail at three beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) forest sites with soils of different texture. At each site three skid trails were established by applying two passes with a forwarder. Soil compaction in the middle of the wheel track caused a considerable increase of N2O emissions with values elevated by up to 40 times the uncompacted ones. Compaction reduced the CH4 consumption at all sites by up to 90%, and at the silty clay loam site its effect was such that CH4 was even released. These changes in N2O and CH4 fluxes were caused by a reduction in macropore volume and an increase of the water-filled pore space (WFPS). Additionally, the slipping of the forwarder's wheels led to a mixing of the humus layer with the mineral soil, which resulted in a new layer. This layer reduced gas exchange between the soil and the atmosphere. Trace gas fluxes were altered in the trafficked soil and in the adjacent areas. Despite the significant changes in the trace gas fluxes on the skid trails, the cumulative effect of the two gases on the atmosphere was small with respect to total emissions. However, if soil trafficking is not restricted to the established skid trail system the area of compaction and consequently the atmospheric load by greenhouse gases may increase with every harvesting operation."],["dc.identifier.isi","000220040700032"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/48795"],["dc.notes.status","zu prüfen"],["dc.notes.submitter","Najko"],["dc.publisher","Soil Sci Soc Amer"],["dc.relation.issn","0361-5995"],["dc.title","Nitrous oxide emission and methane consumption following compaction of forest soils"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","yes"],["dc.type.status","published"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","602"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","5"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","JOURNAL OF PLANT NUTRITION AND SOIL SCIENCE-ZEITSCHRIFT FUR PFLANZENERNAHRUNG UND BODENKUNDE"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","608"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","165"],["dc.contributor.author","Chodak, M."],["dc.contributor.author","Ludwig, B."],["dc.contributor.author","Beese, F."],["dc.date.accessioned","2018-11-07T10:00:51Z"],["dc.date.available","2018-11-07T10:00:51Z"],["dc.date.issued","2002"],["dc.description.abstract","A description of element gradients in organic layers and the uppermost parts of the mineral soil may give information on their storage and cycling in forest ecosystems. The objectives were to describe vertical gradients of C, N, P, S, NA, K, Ca, Mg, Mn, Fe, and Al contents under beech (Fagus sylvatica L.), spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.), and mixed beech-spruce stands and-to obtain an easy method for the estimation of nutrient stocks and their distribution in the organic layer at a regional scale. Organic layers and upper 5 cm of mineral soil from 90 profiles were cut centimeterwise. Samples were analyzed for contents of C and N and P, S Na, K, Ca, Mg, Mn, Fe, and Al after pressure digestion in HNO3, Contents of C, N, P, S, Ca, and Mn decreased whereas contents of Na, K, Mg, Fe, and Al increased with depth. The gradients of C, N, P, S, Na, K, Mn, Fe, and Al were described satisfactorily using the following equation after transforming the maximal height of the organic horizon to 0 cm: E(d) = E-M + (E-L - E-M)/[1+(alpha X d)(beta)]((1-1/beta)) where E(d) is the element concentration at depth d, EL and Em are the concentrations of the element in the L layer and in the mineral soil at 5 cm depth, respectively, and alpha and beta of are fitting parameters. Linear, correlation coefficients (r,) measured against modeled element contents were greater than or equal to 0.8 and 1.2 (with the regression coefficients (a) varied between 0.8 exception of P, Fe, and Na for some profiles) The parameters a and P depended on the height of the organic horizon. An effect of the tree species on the parameters was found only for Mn and Fe. The equation enabled the estimation of the stocks of C, N, P, and S in organic horizon with satisfying accuracy (r greater than or equal to 0.8, 0.8 less than or equal to a less than or equal to 1.0), after measuring only the height of the organic horizon. However, the prediction of the stocks of other elements was less satisfactory."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1002/1522-2624(200210)165:5<602::AID-JPLN602>3.0.CO;2-N"],["dc.identifier.isi","000178943200007"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/37895"],["dc.notes.status","zu prüfen"],["dc.notes.submitter","Najko"],["dc.publisher","Wiley-v C H Verlag Gmbh"],["dc.relation.issn","1436-8730"],["dc.title","An equation to describe vertical gradients of element concentrations in soils under beech and spruce stands"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","yes"],["dc.type.status","published"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","77"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","2"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","ACTA HYDROCHIMICA ET HYDROBIOLOGICA"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","82"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","28"],["dc.contributor.author","Ludwig, B."],["dc.contributor.author","Heil, B."],["dc.contributor.author","Flessa, H."],["dc.contributor.author","Beese, F."],["dc.date.accessioned","2018-11-07T10:04:32Z"],["dc.date.available","2018-11-07T10:04:32Z"],["dc.date.issued","2000"],["dc.description.abstract","Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in seepage water can combine with organic pollutants, with Al and heavy metal ions and transport them through the soil profile with a potential to contaminate groundwater. We studied the production of DOC in aerobic decomposition experiments at 8 degrees C and moisture close to field capacity in soils from two sites with different microbial activities (spodic dystric Cambisols with moder (SLB) and mor-moder (SLS) layers) using C-13-depleted plants of differing decomposability (Epilobium angustifolium and Calamagrostis epigeios). Additionally, we investigated the DOC transformation during soil passage in decomposition experiments and in the field for the sites SLB and SLS. For SLS, decomposition of Epilobium resulted in a cumulative CO2 production of 14% of the added C within 128 days. Priming effects were negligible. CO2: production for the experiments using Calamagrostis was less with 11% for SLB and 10% for SLS. Cumulative DOC production was markedly high in the Epilobium decomposition experiment, being 25 g m(-2), out of which 11 g m(-2) were Epilobium-derived (2% of the added C). For the Calamagrostis experiments, cumulative productions of DOC and Calamagrostis-derived DOC (0.1% of the added C for SLS and SLB) were much less. During the soil passage, much of the DOC was removed by sorption or decomposition processes. Field studies at SLS and SLB using C-13 natural abundance showed that C-13 distribution of soil organic matter increased with depth, probably mainly due to a discrimination of C isotopes by decomposing microorganisms. DOG, however, showed a depletion of C-13 from -28 parts per thousand PDB to -29 parts per thousand (SLB at 40 cm) or --28 to -30 parts per thousand (SLS at 20 cm) with depth, owing to preferential decomposition of C-13-enriched substances or preferential adsorption. This study indicates that DOC production is strongly affected by litter composition and that significant changes in DOC composition may occur during its passage through a soil depth of 40 cm."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1002/(SICI)1521-401X(20002)28:2<77::AID-AHEH77>3.0.CO;2-V"],["dc.identifier.isi","000087121600002"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/38713"],["dc.notes.status","zu prüfen"],["dc.notes.submitter","Najko"],["dc.publisher","Wiley-v C H Verlag Gmbh"],["dc.relation.issn","0323-4320"],["dc.title","Dissolved organic carbon in seepage water - Production and transformation during soil passage"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","yes"],["dc.type.status","published"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","357"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","2"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","European Journal of Soil Science"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","365"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","55"],["dc.contributor.author","Teepe, R."],["dc.contributor.author","Vor, A."],["dc.contributor.author","Beese, F."],["dc.contributor.author","Ludwig, B."],["dc.date.accessioned","2018-11-07T10:48:24Z"],["dc.date.available","2018-11-07T10:48:24Z"],["dc.date.issued","2004"],["dc.description.abstract","Freezing and thawing influence many physical, chemical and biological processes in soils, including the production of trace gases. We studied the effects of freezing and thawing on three soils, one sandy, one silty and one loamy, on the emissions of N2O and CO2 We also studied the effect of varying the water content, expressed as the percentage of the water-filled pore space (WFPS). Emissions of N2O during thawing decreased in the order 64% > 55% > 42% WFPS, which suggests that the retardation of the denitrification was more pronounced than the acceleration of the nitrification with increasing oxygen concentration in the soil. However, emissions of N2O at 76% WFPS were less than at 55% WFPS, which might be caused by an increased ratio of N-2/N2O in the very moist conditions. The emission Of CO2 was related to the soil water, with the smallest emissions at 76% WFPS and largest at 42% WFPS. The emissions Of CO2 during thawing exceeded the initial CO2 emissions before the soils were frozen, which suggests that the supply of nutrients was increased by freezing. Differences in soil texture had no marked effect on the N2O emissions during thawing. The duration of freezing, however, did affect the emissions from all three soils. Freezing the soil for less than I day had negligible effects, but freezing for longer caused concomitant increases in emissions. Evidently the duration of freezing and soil water content have important effects on the emission of N2O, whereas the effects of texture in the range we studied were small."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1111/j.1365-2389.2004.00602.x"],["dc.identifier.isi","000222007600013"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/48180"],["dc.notes.status","zu prüfen"],["dc.notes.submitter","Najko"],["dc.publisher","Blackwell Publishing Ltd"],["dc.relation.issn","1351-0754"],["dc.title","Emissions of N2O from soils during cycles of freezing and thawing and the effects of soil water, texture and duration of freezing"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","yes"],["dc.type.status","published"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","27"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","1"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","JOURNAL OF PLANT NUTRITION AND SOIL SCIENCE-ZEITSCHRIFT FUR PFLANZENERNAHRUNG UND BODENKUNDE"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","33"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","165"],["dc.contributor.author","Chodak, M."],["dc.contributor.author","Ludwig, B."],["dc.contributor.author","Khanna, P."],["dc.contributor.author","Beese, F."],["dc.date.accessioned","2018-11-07T10:32:16Z"],["dc.date.available","2018-11-07T10:32:16Z"],["dc.date.issued","2002"],["dc.description.abstract","The chemical composition of organic layers of forest soils shows a high spatial variability and fast methods may be required for its study at a landscape level. The objective was to assess the applicability of near infrared spectroscopy (LAIRS) to measure several chemical and biological properties of organic layers in spruce, beech, and mixed spruce-beech stands. Spectra in the VIS-NIR region (400-2500 nm) were recorded for 406 samples representing Oi, Oe, and Oa layers of forest soils from Solling (Germany), 195 of them were used for calibration and 211 for validation. The calibration equations for each constituent were developed using the whole spectrum (0(th) to 3(rd) derivative). Humus samples were analyzed for contents of C and N and contents of P, S, Na, K, Ca, Mg, Mn, Fe, and Al after pressure digestion in HNO3. Additionally, basal respiration and microbial C (C-mic) were measured. LAIRS predicted well the contents of C, N, P, S, Ca, Na, K, Fe, and AI and C/N and C/P ratios: the regression coefficients (a) of a linear regression (measured against predicted values) ranged from 0.9 to 1.1, and the correlation coefficients (r) were greater or equal 0.9. C-mic (a = 0.87, r = 0.83) was predicted satisfactorily, whereas the prediction of the basal respiration (a = 0.74, r = 0.87) was less satisfactory. Due to liming of some of the plots LAIRS failed to predict contents of Mg (a = 1.27, r = 0.68). For all chemical and biological characteristics the best prediction performances were achieved using the whole sample population. Splitting the samples into smaller groups according to a dominant tree species or an organic layer did not improve the predictions."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1002/1522-2624(200202)165:1<27::AID-JPLN27>3.0.CO;2-A"],["dc.identifier.isi","000174306700005"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/44309"],["dc.notes.status","zu prüfen"],["dc.notes.submitter","Najko"],["dc.publisher","Wiley-v C H Verlag Gmbh"],["dc.relation.issn","1436-8730"],["dc.title","Use of near infrared spectroscopy to determine biological and chemical characteristics of organic layers under spruce and beech stands"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","yes"],["dc.type.status","published"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","635"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","5"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","European Journal of Soil Science"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","645"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","56"],["dc.contributor.author","Ludwig, B."],["dc.contributor.author","Beese, F."],["dc.contributor.author","Michel, Katrin"],["dc.date.accessioned","2018-11-07T10:55:17Z"],["dc.date.available","2018-11-07T10:55:17Z"],["dc.date.issued","2005"],["dc.description.abstract","Prediction of cation transport during unsaturated flow through soils is complex, and chemical models are necessary for the purpose. Our objectives were to determine whether the reactions considered in the model PHREEQC2 were appropriate to predict cation transport in soils when small amounts of CaCl2 or acid are added and to investigate the usefulness of different parameterization approaches. Undisturbed columns of three subsoils were irrigated for 2 years with 4 mm day(-1) at 8 degrees C. The experiments were (A) irrigation with 1 mM and 5 mM CaCl2 and (B) irrigation with 1 mM HCl. The model PHREEQC2 was used to calculate one-dimensional transport, inorganic complexation, dissolution or precipitation of Al(OH)(3), AlOHSO4 and CaCO3 and multiple cation exchange. We compared three models: one with no adjustable parameters, a second with optimized solubilities within a reported range, pCO(2) and cation exchange capacity (CEC), and a third which also included an optimization of the exchange coefficients. The first was of little use to predict cation transport in soils. The second was appropriate for one of the soils, but an optimization of the exchange coefficients was required for an accurate description and prediction of cation transport for the others. The CEC accessible for seepage water varied between 50% and 100% of the total CEC. Our results indicate that for a reliable assessment of cation transport in soils during unsaturated flow, calibration experiments are required. The parameter optimization program PEST in combination with PHREEQC2 gave a better understanding of cation transport in undisturbed soil."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1111/j.1365-2389.2005.00704.x"],["dc.identifier.isi","000231951400007"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/49752"],["dc.notes.status","zu prüfen"],["dc.notes.submitter","Najko"],["dc.publisher","Blackwell Publishing"],["dc.relation.issn","1351-0754"],["dc.title","Modelling cation transport and pH buffering during unsaturated flow through intact subsoils"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","yes"],["dc.type.status","published"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","1055"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","10"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Waste Management"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","1066"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","25"],["dc.contributor.author","Ludwig, Bernard"],["dc.contributor.author","Khanna, Partap"],["dc.contributor.author","Prenzel, Jürgen"],["dc.contributor.author","Beese, Friedrich"],["dc.date.accessioned","2018-11-07T08:49:12Z"],["dc.date.available","2018-11-07T08:49:12Z"],["dc.date.issued","2005"],["dc.description.abstract","Most ashes contain a significant amount of heavy metals and when released from disposed or used ash materials, they can form a major environmental concern for underground waters. The use of water extracts to assess the easily mobilisable content of heavy metals may not provide an appropriate measure. This study describes the patterns of heavy metal release from ash materials in context with results from the German standard extraction method DIN-S4 (DIN 38 414 S4). Samples of four different ashes (municipal solid waste incineration ash, wood ash, brown coal ash and hard coal ash) were subjected to a number of serial batch tests with liquid renewal, some of which involved the addition of acid to neutralize carbonates and oxides. Release of heavy metals showed different patterns depending on the element, the type of material, the method of extraction and the type of the extractant used. Only a small fraction of the total heavy metal contents occurred as water soluble salts; of special significance was the amount of Cr released from the wood ash. The reaction time (1, 24 or 72 h between each extraction step with water) had only a small effect on the release of heavy metals. However, the release of most of the heavy metals was governed by the dissolution processes following proton inputs, indicating that pH-dependent tests such as CEN TC 292 or others are required to estimate long-term effects of heavy metal releases from ashes. Based on the chemical characteristics of ash materials in terms of their form and so] ability of heavy metals, recommendations were made on the disposal or use of the four ash materials. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1016/j.wasman.2005.01.007"],["dc.identifier.isi","000233176100008"],["dc.identifier.pmid","15979297"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/21402"],["dc.notes.status","zu prüfen"],["dc.notes.submitter","Najko"],["dc.publisher","Pergamon-elsevier Science Ltd"],["dc.relation.issn","0956-053X"],["dc.title","Heavy metal release from different ashes during serial batch tests using water and acid"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","yes"],["dc.type.status","published"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","35"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","1"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Isotopes in Environmental and Health Studies"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","47"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","36"],["dc.contributor.author","Heil, B."],["dc.contributor.author","Ludwig, B."],["dc.contributor.author","Flessa, H."],["dc.contributor.author","Beese, F."],["dc.date.accessioned","2018-11-07T11:07:40Z"],["dc.date.available","2018-11-07T11:07:40Z"],["dc.date.issued","2000"],["dc.description.abstract","The study of natural isotopic abundance signatures is useful to gain further insights in the processes resulting in depthwise changes in the composition of soil organic matter (SOM). Objectives were to describe the delta(13)C and delta(15)N abundances of SOM with depth in soils from a 153-year old beech (B1), a 119-year old spruce (F1) and a 61-year old spruce (F2) stand at Selling, north-west Germany, and to study, how podzolisation affects the isotopic abundances of C-13 and N-15 in the SOM. The degree of podzolisation decreased in the order F1 > B1 > F2. At the surface of the humus layer of all three sites, delta(13)C values are approximately 1 to 4 parts per thousand higher than in the leaves and needles, probably mainly due to the discrimination of C-13 by microbial decomposition. C-13 abundances in the organic layers of Fl and F2 increased only slightly from -27.6 parts per thousand PDB (B1, L) to -27.2 parts per thousand PDB (B1, Oh) and from -26.3 parts per thousand PDB (F2, L) to -25.9 parts per thousand PDB (F2, Oh), suggesting that biotic activity resulted in mixing of organic matter. At Fl, however, C-13 abundance increased from -27.5 parts per thousand PDB (L) to -26.0 parts per thousand PDB (Oh) which reflects the lack of mixing by animals. In the upper 2-4 cm of the mineral soil, i.e., in the eluvial horizons Aeh, C-13 values showed a minimum at the spruce sites which was presumably related to a translocation of C-13 enriched fulvic acids. Depthwise changes in delta(15)N values were not related to podzolisation processes. At all three sites, a N-15 enrichment with depth occurred in the mineral soil which is the result of the discrimination of N-15 by microbial decomposition."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1080/10256010008032931"],["dc.identifier.isi","000088914000005"],["dc.identifier.pmid","11022324"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/52616"],["dc.notes.status","zu prüfen"],["dc.notes.submitter","Najko"],["dc.publisher","Taylor & Francis Ltd"],["dc.publisher.place","Abingdon"],["dc.relation.conference","22nd Annual Meeting of the German Working Group on Stable Isotopes (ASI)"],["dc.relation.eventlocation","UNIV GOTTINGEN, GOTTINGEN, GERMANY"],["dc.relation.issn","1477-2639"],["dc.relation.issn","1025-6016"],["dc.title","C-13 and N-15 distributions in three spodic dystric cambisols under beech and spruce"],["dc.type","conference_paper"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","yes"],["dc.type.status","published"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","49"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","1"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Isotopes in Environmental and Health Studies"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","61"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","36"],["dc.contributor.author","Ludwig, B."],["dc.contributor.author","Flessa, H."],["dc.contributor.author","Beese, F."],["dc.date.accessioned","2018-11-07T11:07:42Z"],["dc.date.available","2018-11-07T11:07:42Z"],["dc.date.issued","2000"],["dc.description.abstract","The dynamics of C and N in terrestrial ecosystems are not completely understood and the use of stable isotopes may be useful to gain further insight in the pathways of CO2 emissions and leaching of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and nitrogen (DON) during decomposition of litter. Objectives were (i) to study the decomposition dynamics of Calamagrostis epigeios, a common grass species in forests, using C-13-depleted and N-15-enriched plants and (ii) to quantify the effect wood ash addition on the decomposition and leaching of DOC and DON. Decomposition was studied for 128 days under aerobic conditions at 8 degrees C and moisture close to field capacity in a spodic dystric Cambisol with mor-moder layer. Variants included control plots and additions of (i) Calamagrostis litter and (ii) Calamagrostis litter plus 4 kg ash m(-2). Decomposition of Calamagrostis resulted in a CO2 production of 76.2 g CO2-C (10% of added C) after 128 days and cumulative DOC production was 14.0 g C m(-2) out of which 0.9 g C m(-2) was Calamagrostis-derived (0.1% of added C). The specific CO2 formation and specific DOC production from Calamagrostis were 6 times higher (CO2) and 4 times smaller (DOC) than those from the organic layer. The amount of Calamagrostis-derived total N (NH4+, NO3-, DON) leached was 0.7 g N m(-2) (4.8% of added N). Cumulative DON production was 0.8 g N m(-2) which was slightly higher than for the control. During soil passage, much of the DOC and DON was removed due to sorption or decomposition. DOC and DON releases from the mineral soil (17 cm depth) were 6.3 g C m(-2) and 0.5 g N m(-2). (ii) Addition of ash resulted in a complete fixing of CO2 for 40 days due to carbonatisation. Afterwards, the CO2 production rates were similar to the variant without ash addition. Production of DOC (98.6 g C m(-2)) and DON (2.5 g N m(-2)) was marked, mainly owing to humus decay. However, Calamagrostis-derived DOC and Calamagrostis-derived total N were only 3.9 g C m(-2) (0.5 % of added C) and 0.5 g m(-2) (3.4% of added N). The specific DOC production rate from the organic layer was 6 rimes higher than that from Calamagrostis. The results suggest that with increasing humification from fresh plant residues to more decomposed material (O-F and O-H layers) the production ratio of DOC/CO2-C increases. Addition of alkaline substances to the forest floor can lead to a manifold increase in DOC production."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1080/10256010008032932"],["dc.identifier.isi","000088914000006"],["dc.identifier.pmid","11022325"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/52630"],["dc.notes.status","zu prüfen"],["dc.notes.submitter","Najko"],["dc.publisher","Gordon Breach Sci Publ Ltd"],["dc.publisher.place","Reading"],["dc.relation.conference","22nd Annual Meeting of the German Working Group on Stable Isotopes (ASI)"],["dc.relation.eventlocation","UNIV GOTTINGEN, GOTTINGEN, GERMANY"],["dc.relation.issn","1025-6016"],["dc.title","Use of C-13 and N-15 mass spectrometry to study the decomposition of Calamagrostis epigeios in soil column experiments with and without ash additions"],["dc.type","conference_paper"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","yes"],["dc.type.status","published"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","289"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","3"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","JOURNAL OF PLANT NUTRITION AND SOIL SCIENCE-ZEITSCHRIFT FUR PFLANZENERNAHRUNG UND BODENKUNDE"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","294"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","164"],["dc.contributor.author","Chodak, Marcin"],["dc.contributor.author","Borken, Werner"],["dc.contributor.author","Ludwig, Bernard"],["dc.contributor.author","Beese, Friedrich"],["dc.date.accessioned","2018-11-07T09:01:17Z"],["dc.date.available","2018-11-07T09:01:17Z"],["dc.date.issued","2001"],["dc.description.abstract","Information about the mineralization rate of compost at various temperatures is a precondition to optimize mineral N fertilization and to minimize N losses in compost-amended soils. Objectives were to quantify the influence of the temperature on the mineralization rate and leaching of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and nitrogen (DON), NO3-, and NH4+ from a fresh (C : N = 15.4) and a mature (C : N = 9.2) organic household waste compost. Compost samples were mixed with quartz sand to ensure aerobic conditions, incubated at 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 degreesC and irrigated weekly for 112 days. For the fresh compost, cumulative CO2 evolution after 112 days ranged from 36% of the initial C content at 5 degreesC to 54% at 25 degreesC. The CO2 evolution was only small in the experiments with mature compost (1 to 6% of the initial C content). The data were described satisfactorily by a combined first-order (fresh compost) or a first-order kinetic model (mature compost). For the fresh compost, cumulative DOC production was negatively related to the temperature, probably due to leaching of some of the partly metabolized easily degradable fractions at lower temperatures. The production ratios of DOC : CO2-C decreased with increasing temperature from 0.094 at 5 degreesC to 0.038 at 25 degreesC for the fresh and from 1.55 at 5 degreesC to 0.26 at 25 degreesC for the mature compost. In the experiments with fresh compost, net release of NO3- occurred after a time lag which depended on the temperature. Cumulative net release of NO3- after 112 days ranged from 1.8% of the initial N content at 5 degreesC to 14.3% at 25 degreesC. Approximately 10% of the initial N content of the mature compost was released as NO3- after 14 days at all temperatures. The DOC : DON ratios in the experiments using fresh compost ranged from 11.5 to 15.7 and no temperature dependency was observed. For the mature compost, DOC : DON ratios were slightly smaller (7.4 to 8.9). The DON : (NH4+ + NO3-) ratio decreased with increasing temperature from 0.91 at 5 degreesC to 0.19 at 25 degreesC for the fresh compost and from 0.21 at 5 degreesC to 0.12 at 25 degreesC for the mature compost. The results of the dynamics of C and N mineralization of fresh and mature compost can be used to assess the appropriate application (timing and amount) of compost to soils."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1002/1522-2624(200106)164:3<289::AID-JPLN289>3.0.CO;2-H"],["dc.identifier.isi","000169439100009"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/24383"],["dc.notes.status","zu prüfen"],["dc.notes.submitter","Najko"],["dc.publisher","Wiley-v C H Verlag Gmbh"],["dc.relation.issn","1436-8730"],["dc.title","Effect of temperature on the mineralization of C and N of fresh and mature compost in sandy material"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","yes"],["dc.type.status","published"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]