Now showing 1 - 9 of 9
  • 2009Journal Article
    [["dc.bibliographiccitation.artnumber","12.e1"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","1"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","136"],["dc.contributor.author","Hahn, Wolfram"],["dc.contributor.author","Dathe, Henning"],["dc.contributor.author","Fialka-Fricke, Julia"],["dc.contributor.author","Fricke-Zech, Susanne"],["dc.contributor.author","Zapf, Antonia"],["dc.contributor.author","Kubein-Meesenburg, Dietmar"],["dc.contributor.author","Sadat-Khonsari, Reza"],["dc.date.accessioned","2018-11-07T08:27:52Z"],["dc.date.available","2018-11-07T08:27:52Z"],["dc.date.issued","2009"],["dc.description.abstract","Introduction: The aim of the study was to quantify the forces delivered by thermoplastic appliances made of 2 materials with 2 thicknesses to a maxillary central incisor during tipping. Methods: Two materials were tested, each in 2 thicknesses: Erkodur (Erkodent Erich Kopp GmbH, Pfalzgrafenweiler, Germany) 1.0 and 0.8 mm, and Biolon (Dreve Dentamid GmbH, Unna, Germany), 1.0 and 0.75 mm. For each material, 5 appliances were produced. To measure the forces applied, an isolated measuring tooth, part of a standardized resin model, was deflected in 0.05 degrees steps from 0 degrees to 0.42 degrees in the vestibular and palatine directions, after placing the respective appliance on the model. For statistical analysis, the force components Fx/tipping and Fz/intrusion at a displacement of +/- 0.151 mm from the incisor edge were selected. Means and standard deviations were calculated. The Wilcoxon 2-sample test for group pairings was used. Results: The norms for the mean Fx forces ranged from 1.62 (SD, 0.41) to 5.35 N (SD, 0.63). The mean Fz forces were between 0.07 (SD, 0.13) and -2.47 N (SD, 0.34). The highest intrusive forces were measured during vestibular displacement of the measuring tooth. The forces delivered by the thick appliances were overall significantly higher (P < 0.0001) than those of the thin materials. The forces delivered by the Biolon appliances were generally significantly higher (P < 0.0001) than those for the Erkodur materials. Conclusions: The forces applied were mostly too high when compared with those stated in the literature as ideal. In addition to thickness, the thermoforming process influences the magnitude of the force delivered by a thermoformed appliance. (Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2009; 136: 12.e1-12.e7)"],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1016/j.ajodo.2008.12.015"],["dc.identifier.isi","000267695500009"],["dc.identifier.pmid","19577136"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/16295"],["dc.notes.status","zu prĂĽfen"],["dc.notes.submitter","Najko"],["dc.publisher","Mosby-elsevier"],["dc.relation.issn","0889-5406"],["dc.title","Influence of thermoplastic appliance thickness on the magnitude of force delivered to a maxillary central incisor during tipping"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","yes"],["dc.type.status","published"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]
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  • 2011Journal Article
    [["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","1057"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","6"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","The Angle Orthodontist"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","1063"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","81"],["dc.contributor.author","Hahn, Wolfram"],["dc.contributor.author","Engelke, Benjamin"],["dc.contributor.author","Jung, Klaus"],["dc.contributor.author","Dathe, Henning"],["dc.contributor.author","Kramer, Franz-Joseph"],["dc.contributor.author","Roedig, Tina"],["dc.contributor.author","Kubein-Meesenburg, Dietmar"],["dc.contributor.author","Gruber, Rudolf Matthias"],["dc.date.accessioned","2018-11-07T08:50:19Z"],["dc.date.available","2018-11-07T08:50:19Z"],["dc.date.issued","2011"],["dc.description.abstract","Objective: To determine the forces and moments delivered to a maxillary central incisor during rotation with aligners when a simulated occlusal force generated during swallowing acts on the appliance. Materials and Methods: Five identical appliances were manufactured from four different starting materials (Erkodur 0.8 mm and 1.0 mm; Biolon 0.75 mm and 1.0 mm). An upper central incisor fixed in a measuring device was rotated around its central axis in 0.5-degree steps up to +/- 10 degrees with the appliance fixed in place. An occlusal force of 30 N generated during swallowing was simulated with a weight positioned on the appliance. For statistical analysis, the moments Tz (rotation) and forces Fz (intrusion) at a deflection of +/- 0.34 mm to the incisor edge (+/- 5 degrees rotation) were tested. Means and standard deviations for Tz and median and 25% and 75% quartiles for Fz were calculated. An analysis of variance was performed. Results: The simulated occlusal force increased the measured intrusive force Fz (maximum with a weight, -3.7 N [-3.7, -2.4]; minimum without a weight, -1.3 N [-1.4, -1.1]) and the rotary moment Tz (maximum with a weight, -50.8 Nmm [+/- 0.8]; minimum without a weight, 18.2 Nmm [+/- 0.9]) significantly in all cases (P < .01). This was found for all materials measured and for both directions of rotation. Conclusion: During rotation with aligners, a simulated occlusal force increases the intrusive force and the rotary moment. The biological adverse side effects of these phenomena remain unclear, especially in patients with periods of bruxism. (Angle Orthod. 2011;81:1057-1063.)"],["dc.identifier.doi","10.2319/013111-62.1"],["dc.identifier.isi","000296484900019"],["dc.identifier.pmid","21612314"],["dc.identifier.purl","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gs-1/8018"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/21669"],["dc.notes.intern","Merged from goescholar"],["dc.notes.status","zu prĂĽfen"],["dc.notes.submitter","Najko"],["dc.publisher","E H Angle Education Research Foundation, Inc"],["dc.relation.issn","0003-3219"],["dc.rights","Goescholar"],["dc.rights.uri","https://goescholar.uni-goettingen.de/licenses"],["dc.title","The influence of occlusal forces on force delivery properties of aligners during rotation of an upper central incisor"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","yes"],["dc.type.status","published"],["dc.type.version","published_version"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]
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  • 2007Conference Paper
    [["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","339"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","4"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Annals of Anatomy - Anatomischer Anzeiger"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","341"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","189"],["dc.contributor.author","Ihlow, Dankmar"],["dc.contributor.author","Kubein-Meesenburg, Dietmar"],["dc.contributor.author","Fanghaenel, Jochen"],["dc.contributor.author","Thieme, Kirsten M."],["dc.contributor.author","Hahn, Wolfram"],["dc.contributor.author","Dathe, Henning"],["dc.contributor.author","Zech, Susanne"],["dc.contributor.author","Naegerl, Hans"],["dc.date.accessioned","2018-11-07T11:05:56Z"],["dc.date.available","2018-11-07T11:05:56Z"],["dc.date.issued","2007"],["dc.description.abstract","Examinations of the curvature morphology of the temporomandibular joints (TMJs) in macerated human skulls yielded that in initial protrusive cranial border motion, parts of the condylar articulating surfaces are only functional under force transmission. These areas were found on the lateral-central side of the condyle. In contrast to the Cercopithecus mona, a monkey species, the human TMJ apparently possesses a distinctly higher spatial performance range. (C) 2007 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1016/j.aanat.2007.02.007"],["dc.identifier.isi","000248006000007"],["dc.identifier.pmid","17695988"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/52183"],["dc.notes.status","zu prĂĽfen"],["dc.notes.submitter","Najko"],["dc.publisher","Elsevier Gmbh, Urban & Fischer Verlag"],["dc.publisher.place","Jena"],["dc.relation.conference","102nd Annual Meeting of the Anatomische-Gesellschaft"],["dc.relation.eventlocation","Giessen, GERMANY"],["dc.relation.issn","0940-9602"],["dc.title","Aspects of morphotogy and guidance of the human temporomandibular joint"],["dc.type","conference_paper"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","yes"],["dc.type.status","published"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]
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  • 2010Journal Article
    [["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","607"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","6"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","European Journal of Orthodontics"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","613"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","32"],["dc.contributor.author","Hahn, Wolfram"],["dc.contributor.author","Zapf, Antonia"],["dc.contributor.author","Dathe, Henning"],["dc.contributor.author","Fialka-Fricke, Julia"],["dc.contributor.author","Fricke-Zech, Susanne"],["dc.contributor.author","Gruber, Rudolf"],["dc.contributor.author","Kubein-Meesenburg, Dietmar"],["dc.contributor.author","Sadat-Khonsari, Reza"],["dc.date.accessioned","2018-11-07T08:36:11Z"],["dc.date.available","2018-11-07T08:36:11Z"],["dc.date.issued","2010"],["dc.description.abstract","Five identical appliances were manufactured from each of three materials, all with a thickness of 1.0 mm (Ideal Clear (R), Erkodur (R), and Biolon (R)). An upper central incisor, as part of the measuring device, was torqued in defined steps in the vestibular and palatal directions with the respective appliance in place. For statistical analysis, the resulting forces, Fx (forces acting in the palatal and facial directions) and Fz (intrusive force as a side-effect) at a displacement of +/- 0.15 and +/- 0.8 mm from the tooth at the gingival margin were calculated. The mean Fx forces for +/- 0.15 mm displacement ranged from -1.89 N [standard deviation (SD) 0.48] to 0.11 N (SD 0.1). The mean Fz forces were between -0.97 N (SD 0.57) and -0.07 N (SD 0.22). The highest intrusive forces were measured during palatal displacement of the measuring tooth. An influence of direction of displacement on the levels of force was observed, especially for Fz at the greater displacement of +/- 0.8 mm. In relation to the intended amount of root movement during torquing, aligners tend to 'lift up' and therefore no effective force couple can be established for further root control. The force delivery properties are also influenced by the material used and the shape of the tooth."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1093/ejo/cjq007"],["dc.identifier.isi","000284638800005"],["dc.identifier.pmid","20462912"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/18252"],["dc.notes.status","zu prĂĽfen"],["dc.notes.submitter","Najko"],["dc.publisher","Oxford Univ Press"],["dc.relation.issn","0141-5387"],["dc.title","Torquing an upper central incisor with aligners-acting forces and biomechanical principles"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","yes"],["dc.type.status","published"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]
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  • 2009Journal Article
    [["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","152"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","2"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Journal of Orofacial Orthopedics / Fortschritte der Kieferorthopädie"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","158"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","70"],["dc.contributor.author","Sadat-Khonsari, Reza"],["dc.contributor.author","Dathe, Henning"],["dc.contributor.author","Knoesel, Michael"],["dc.contributor.author","Hahn, Wolfram"],["dc.contributor.author","Kubein-Meesenburg, Dietmar"],["dc.contributor.author","Bauss, Oskar"],["dc.date.accessioned","2018-11-07T08:32:17Z"],["dc.date.available","2018-11-07T08:32:17Z"],["dc.date.issued","2009"],["dc.description.abstract","Objective: The objective of this study consisted in determining the variability of the ANB angle in relation to the position of the A- and B-points in the sagittal vertical plane. Materials and Methods: Using a theoretical model, we varied the position of the cephalometric points A and B in the sagittal vertical plane while its sagittal relationship was kept constant (Wits value = 0 mm). For this purpose, seven Lines were erected perpendicular to the occlusal plane on a lateral cephalogram. The position of points A and B were determined on each of the vertical Lines by calculating one anterior and one posterior angle in each case. In this way, the positions of all A- and B-points were clearly defined in the sagittal vertical plane. Results: The characteristic of the ANB angle in the sagittal vertical plane was graphically represented by determining both points A and B using two angles instead of one. This revealed that the ANB angle for the same sagittal base relationship was characterized by major variations depending on the position of the A- and B-points in relation to the anterior cranial base. The Larger the SNA and SNB angles were, the larger the corresponding ANB angle. At the same time, the absolute value of ANB increased with the Length of the vertical distance between the points A and B. Conclusion: The ANB angle is strongly influenced by geometric factors. Accurate diagnosis of the sagittal base relationship should thus take the individual character of the ANB angle into account."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1007/s00056-009-8809-5"],["dc.identifier.isi","000266559400005"],["dc.identifier.pmid","19322533"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/17305"],["dc.notes.status","zu prüfen"],["dc.notes.submitter","Najko"],["dc.publisher","Urban & Vogel"],["dc.relation.issn","1434-5293"],["dc.title","Geometric Influence of the Sagittal and Vertical Apical Base Relationship on the ANB Angle"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","yes"],["dc.type.status","published"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]
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  • 2011Journal Article
    [["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","358"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","5"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Journal of Orofacial Orthopedics / Fortschritte der Kieferorthopädie"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","370"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","72"],["dc.contributor.author","Ihlow, Dankmar"],["dc.contributor.author","Dathe, Henning"],["dc.contributor.author","Fanghaenel, Jochen"],["dc.contributor.author","Proff, Peter"],["dc.contributor.author","Naegerl, Hans"],["dc.contributor.author","Hahn, Wolfram"],["dc.contributor.author","Kubein-Meesenburg, Dietmar"],["dc.contributor.author","Thieme, Kirsten M."],["dc.date.accessioned","2018-11-07T08:51:06Z"],["dc.date.available","2018-11-07T08:51:06Z"],["dc.date.issued","2011"],["dc.description.abstract","One way of determining the direction of growth of the mandible is to consider the temporomandibular joint and movement of the mandible as a four-joint gear system, regarding growth then as an extension of the gear system. Our aim was to examine any correlations between the type of biomechanical growth extension and change in the maxilomandibular relation after Class II therapy. A total of 130 lateral cephalograms-before and after orthodontic treatment-were available from 65 adolescent class II patients with open bite or deep bite. The two lateral cephalograms from each patient were superimposed on the occlusal plane. Cephalometric values and the vertical base point deviation were determined from biomechanical analyses, together with three distances and three angles. No correlation between the cephalometric data and distances or angles were observed. Although there were no significant differences in the distances, we did note significant differences in all three angles (p < 0.05). If gear system extension during growth is considered, this can be interpreted as meaning that the occlusal plane of those patients with an initially open bite dropped during treatment, but that it rose in patients with an initially deep bite."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1007/s00056-011-0040-5"],["dc.identifier.isi","000295989400002"],["dc.identifier.pmid","21987073"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/21853"],["dc.notes.status","zu prüfen"],["dc.notes.submitter","Najko"],["dc.publisher","Urban & Vogel"],["dc.relation.issn","1434-5293"],["dc.title","Biomechanics of the mandible and growth extension"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","yes"],["dc.type.status","published"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]
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  • 2007Conference Paper
    [["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","404"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","4"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Annals of Anatomy - Anatomischer Anzeiger"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","406"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","189"],["dc.contributor.author","Ihlow, Dankmar"],["dc.contributor.author","Kubein-Meesenburg, Dietmar"],["dc.contributor.author","Fanghaenel, Jochen"],["dc.contributor.author","Bernitt, Katrin"],["dc.contributor.author","Hahn, Wolfram"],["dc.contributor.author","Dathe, Henning"],["dc.contributor.author","Sadat-Khonsari, Reza"],["dc.contributor.author","Thieme, Kirsten M."],["dc.contributor.author","Naegerl, Hans"],["dc.date.accessioned","2018-11-07T11:05:57Z"],["dc.date.available","2018-11-07T11:05:57Z"],["dc.date.issued","2007"],["dc.description.abstract","The subject of this study was to analyse how functional parameters of stomatognathic systems are influenced by growth. For this purpose, two cephalometric radiographs of 65 patients with class-II-retation treated with functional appliances were superimposed on the occlusal. plane. The two patient groups consisted of 32 open bite and 33 deep bite cases. The direction of the condylar growth significantly differed for both cases. Nevertheless the hypothesis could be confirmed that the original functional structure was hardly affected by growth. (C) 2007 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1016/j.aanat.2007.02.019"],["dc.identifier.isi","000248006000021"],["dc.identifier.pmid","17696002"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/52189"],["dc.notes.status","zu prĂĽfen"],["dc.notes.submitter","Najko"],["dc.publisher","Elsevier Gmbh, Urban & Fischer Verlag"],["dc.publisher.place","Jena"],["dc.relation.conference","102nd Annual Meeting of the Anatomische-Gesellschaft"],["dc.relation.eventlocation","Giessen, GERMANY"],["dc.relation.issn","0940-9602"],["dc.title","Biomechanical aspects of mandibular growth"],["dc.type","conference_paper"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","yes"],["dc.type.status","published"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]
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  • 2010Journal Article
    [["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","239"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","2"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","The Angle Orthodontist"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","246"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","80"],["dc.contributor.author","Hahn, Wolfram"],["dc.contributor.author","Engelke, Benjamin"],["dc.contributor.author","Jung, Klaus"],["dc.contributor.author","Dathe, Henning"],["dc.contributor.author","Fialka-Fricke, Julia"],["dc.contributor.author","Kubein-Meesenburg, Dietmar"],["dc.contributor.author","Sadat-Khonsari, Reza"],["dc.date.accessioned","2018-11-07T08:45:08Z"],["dc.date.available","2018-11-07T08:45:08Z"],["dc.date.issued","2010"],["dc.description.abstract","Objective: To determine the forces and moments delivered to a maxillary central incisor during rotation by three different thermoplastic appliances with identical thickness. Materials and Methods: Five identical appliances were manufactured from each of three materials (Ideal Clear 1.0 mm, Erkodur 1.0 mm, Biolon 1.0 mm). An upper central incisor fixed in a measuring device was rotated around its central axis in 0.5-degree steps to +/-2.5 degrees, +/-5 degrees, and +/-7.5 degrees (equivalent to an activation of +/-0.17 mm, +/-0.34 mm, and +/-0.51 mm of the incisor edge) in the clockwise and anticlockwise directions with the respective appliance fixed in place. For statistical analysis, the moments Tz (rotation) and forces Fz (intrusion) were tested. Means and standard deviations for Tz and median and 25% and 75% quantiles for Fz were calculated. An analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed. Results: The minimal moment was determined at a rotation of -0.17 mm (-7.3 Nmm, +/-0.8), and the maximal moment at a deflection of -0.51 mm (-71.8 Nmm. +/-2.5) was recorded. The minimal value for Fz was measured at an activation of -0.17 mm (0.0 N), and the highest intrusive forces were evaluated for a rotation of -0.51 mm (-5.8 N). The particular material sometimes had a significant (P < .05) influence on the forces delivered and the moments. Conclusions: During rotation with aligners, an intrusive force can also be observed. The direction of rotation, and the materials used all exert an influence on the force delivery properties of the appliance. (Angle Orthod. 2010;80:239-246.)"],["dc.identifier.doi","10.2319/033009-181.1"],["dc.identifier.isi","000275383000004"],["dc.identifier.pmid","19905847"],["dc.identifier.purl","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gs-1/6860"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/20365"],["dc.notes.intern","Merged from goescholar"],["dc.notes.status","zu prĂĽfen"],["dc.notes.submitter","Najko"],["dc.publisher","E H Angle Education Research Foundation, Inc"],["dc.relation.issn","0003-3219"],["dc.rights","Goescholar"],["dc.rights.uri","https://goescholar.uni-goettingen.de/licenses"],["dc.title","Initial Forces and Moments Delivered by Removable Thermoplastic Appliances during Rotation of an Upper Central Incisor"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","yes"],["dc.type.status","published"],["dc.type.version","published_version"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]
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  • 2009Journal Article
    [["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","625"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","6"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","European Journal of Orthodontics"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","631"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","31"],["dc.contributor.author","Hahn, Wolfram"],["dc.contributor.author","Fialka-Fricke, Julia"],["dc.contributor.author","Dathe, Henning"],["dc.contributor.author","Fricke-Zech, Susanne"],["dc.contributor.author","Zapf, Antonia"],["dc.contributor.author","Gruber, Rudolf"],["dc.contributor.author","Kubein-Meesenburg, Dietmar"],["dc.contributor.author","Sadat-Khonsari, Reza"],["dc.date.accessioned","2018-11-07T11:21:26Z"],["dc.date.available","2018-11-07T11:21:26Z"],["dc.date.issued","2009"],["dc.description.abstract","The force properties of thermoformed appliances have not been systematically investigated. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to quantify the forces delivered by thermoplastic appliances manufactured from three different materials, with the same thickness, on a central upper incisor, during tipping. Five identical appliances were manufactured from three different materials all with a thickness of 1.0 mm (Ideal Clear (R), Erkodur (R), and Biolon (R)). For measuring the forces, an isolated measuring tooth, as part of a standardized resin model incorporated in a newly developed measuring device, was tipped in nine 2.7 arc minute (0.04629 degree) steps, from 0 to 0.416 degrees in the vestibular and palatal directions around a rotational axis through the virtual apex, after positioning an appliance on the model. For statistical analysis, the force components Fx/tipping and Fz/intrusion at a displacement of +/- 0.151 mm from the incisor edge were determined. Means and standard deviations (SDs) were calculated. The Kruskal-Wallis test for overall effects and the Wilcoxon two-sample test for individual group pairings were used (P < 0.05 significance level). The mean Fx forces ranged from -2.82 N (SD 0.62) to 5.42 N (SD 0.56). The mean Fz forces were between -0.14 N (SD 0.52) and -2.3 N (SD 0.43). The highest intrusive forces were measured during vestibular displacement of the measuring tooth. The forces delivered by the Biolon (R) appliance were found to be much greater (P < 0.01) than those of the other materials. The forces delivered by the materials investigated were mostly higher than those stated in the literature."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1093/ejo/cjp047"],["dc.identifier.isi","000272065000009"],["dc.identifier.pmid","19525441"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/55770"],["dc.notes.status","zu prĂĽfen"],["dc.notes.submitter","Najko"],["dc.publisher","Oxford Univ Press"],["dc.relation.issn","0141-5387"],["dc.title","Initial forces generated by three types of thermoplastic appliances on an upper central incisor during tipping"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","yes"],["dc.type.status","published"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]
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