Winkler, Michael

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.artnumber","e97695"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","5"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","PLOS ONE"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","9"],["dc.contributor.author","Eckert, Nadine"],["dc.contributor.author","Wrensch, Florian"],["dc.contributor.author","Gärtner, Sabine"],["dc.contributor.author","Palanisamy, Navaneethan"],["dc.contributor.author","Goedecke, Ulrike"],["dc.contributor.author","Jäger, Nils"],["dc.contributor.author","Pöhlmann, Stefan"],["dc.contributor.author","Winkler, Michael"],["dc.date.accessioned","2019-07-09T11:39:43Z"],["dc.date.available","2019-07-09T11:39:43Z"],["dc.date.issued","2014"],["dc.description.abstract","Reporter genes inserted into viral genomes enable the easy and rapid quantification of virus replication, which is instrumental to efficient in vitro screening of antiviral compounds or in vivo analysis of viral spread and pathogenesis. Based on a published design, we have generated several replication competent influenza A viruses carrying either fluorescent proteins or Gaussia luciferase. Reporter activity could be readily quantified in infected cultures, but the virus encoding Gaussia luciferase was more stable than viruses bearing fluorescent proteins and was therefore analyzed in detail. Quantification of Gaussia luciferase activity in the supernatants of infected culture allowed the convenient and highly sensitive detection of viral spread, and enzymatic activity correlated with the number of infectious particles released from infected cells. Furthermore, the Gaussia luciferase encoding virus allowed the sensitive quantification of the antiviral activity of the neuraminidase inhibitor (NAI) zanamivir and the host cell interferon-inducible transmembrane (IFITM) proteins 1–3, which are known to inhibit influenza virus entry. Finally, the virus was used to demonstrate that influenza A virus infection is sensitive to a modulator of endosomal cholesterol, in keeping with the concept that IFITMs inhibit viral entry by altering cholesterol levels in the endosomal membrane. In sum, we report the characterization of a novel influenza A reporter virus, which allows fast and sensitive detection of viral spread and its inhibition, and we show that influenza A virus entry is sensitive to alterations of endosomal cholesterol levels."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1371/journal.pone.0097695"],["dc.identifier.pmid","24842154"],["dc.identifier.purl","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gs-1/10118"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/58030"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.intern","Merged from goescholar"],["dc.notes.status","final"],["dc.relation.issn","1932-6203"],["dc.rights","CC BY 4.0"],["dc.rights.uri","https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"],["dc.title","Influenza A Virus Encoding Secreted Gaussia Luciferase as Useful Tool to Analyze Viral Replication and Its Inhibition by Antiviral Compounds and Cellular Proteins"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.version","published_version"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","3859"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","16"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","International Journal of Molecular Sciences"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","20"],["dc.contributor.author","Winkler, Michael"],["dc.contributor.author","Wrensch, Florian"],["dc.contributor.author","Bosch, Pascale"],["dc.contributor.author","Knoth, Maike"],["dc.contributor.author","Schindler, Michael"],["dc.contributor.author","Gärtner, Sabine"],["dc.contributor.author","Pöhlmann, Stefan"],["dc.date.accessioned","2020-12-10T18:47:09Z"],["dc.date.available","2020-12-10T18:47:09Z"],["dc.date.issued","2019"],["dc.identifier.doi","10.3390/ijms20163859"],["dc.identifier.eissn","1422-0067"],["dc.identifier.purl","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gs-1/16799"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/78659"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.intern","DOI Import GROB-354"],["dc.notes.intern","Merged from goescholar"],["dc.rights","CC BY 4.0"],["dc.rights.uri","https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"],["dc.title","Analysis of IFITM-IFITM Interactions by a Flow Cytometry-Based FRET Assay"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.version","published_version"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","13863"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","36"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Journal of Biological Chemistry"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","13873"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","293"],["dc.contributor.author","Zmora, Pawel"],["dc.contributor.author","Hoffmann, Markus"],["dc.contributor.author","Kollmus, Heike"],["dc.contributor.author","Moldenhauer, Anna-Sophie"],["dc.contributor.author","Danov, Olga"],["dc.contributor.author","Braun, Armin"],["dc.contributor.author","Winkler, Michael"],["dc.contributor.author","Schughart, Klaus"],["dc.contributor.author","Pöhlmann, Stefan"],["dc.date.accessioned","2020-12-10T18:12:58Z"],["dc.date.available","2020-12-10T18:12:58Z"],["dc.date.issued","2018"],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1074/jbc.RA118.001273"],["dc.identifier.eissn","1083-351X"],["dc.identifier.issn","0021-9258"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/74544"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.intern","DOI Import GROB-354"],["dc.title","TMPRSS11A activates the influenza A virus hemagglutinin and the MERS coronavirus spike protein and is insensitive against blockade by HAI-1"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.artnumber","e00246-17"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","11"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Journal of Virology"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","91"],["dc.contributor.author","Gerlach, Thomas"],["dc.contributor.author","Hensen, Luca"],["dc.contributor.author","Matrosovich, Tatyana"],["dc.contributor.author","Bergmann, Janina"],["dc.contributor.author","Winkler, Michael"],["dc.contributor.author","Peteranderl, Christin"],["dc.contributor.author","Klenk, Hans-Dieter"],["dc.contributor.author","Weber, Friedemann"],["dc.contributor.author","Herold, Susanne"],["dc.contributor.author","Pöhlmann, Stefan"],["dc.contributor.editor","Dermody, Terence S."],["dc.date.accessioned","2022-10-06T13:25:32Z"],["dc.date.available","2022-10-06T13:25:32Z"],["dc.date.issued","2017"],["dc.description.abstract","ABSTRACT\n The replication and pathogenicity of influenza A viruses (IAVs) critically depend on their ability to tolerate the antiviral interferon (IFN) response. To determine a potential role for the IAV hemagglutinin (HA) in viral sensitivity to IFN, we studied the restriction of IAV infection in IFN-β-treated human epithelial cells by using 2:6 recombinant IAVs that shared six gene segments of A/Puerto Rico/8/1934 virus (PR8) and contained HAs and neuraminidases of representative avian, human, and zoonotic H5N1 and H7N9 viruses. In A549 and Calu-3 cells, viruses displaying a higher pH optimum of HA-mediated membrane fusion, H5N1-PR8 and H7N9-PR8, were less sensitive to the IFN-induced antiviral state than their counterparts with HAs from duck and human viruses, which fused at a lower pH. The association between a high pH optimum of fusion and reduced IFN sensitivity was confirmed by using HA point mutants of A/Hong Kong/1/1968-PR8 that differed solely by their fusion properties. Furthermore, similar effects of the viral fusion pH on IFN sensitivity were observed in experiments with (i) primary human type II alveolar epithelial cells and differentiated cultures of human airway epithelial cells, (ii) nonrecombinant zoonotic and pandemic IAVs, and (iii) preparations of IFN-α and IFN-λ1. A higher pH of membrane fusion and reduced sensitivity to IFN correlated with lower restriction of the viruses in MDCK cells stably expressing the IFN-inducible transmembrane proteins IFITM2 and IFITM3, which are known to inhibit viral fusion. Our results reveal that the pH optimum of HA-driven membrane fusion of IAVs is a determinant of their sensitivity to IFN and IFITM proteins.\n \n IMPORTANCE\n The IFN system constitutes an important innate defense against viral infection. Substantial information is available on how IAVs avoid detection by sensors of the IFN system and disable IFN signaling pathways. Much less is known about the ability of IAVs to tolerate the antiviral activity of IFN-induced cellular proteins. The IFN-induced proteins of the IFITM family block IAV entry into target cells and can restrict viral spread and pathogenicity. Here we show for the first time that the sensitivity of IAVs to the IFN-induced antiviral state and IFITM2 and IFITM3 proteins depends on the pH value at which the viral HA undergoes a conformational transition and mediates membrane fusion. Our data imply that the high pH optimum of membrane fusion typical of zoonotic IAVs of gallinaceous poultry, such as H5N1 and H7N9, may contribute to their enhanced virulence in humans."],["dc.description.sponsorship"," European Commission Seventh Framework Programme https://doi.org/10.13039/501100000780"],["dc.description.sponsorship"," Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft https://doi.org/10.13039/501100001659"],["dc.description.sponsorship"," Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft https://doi.org/10.13039/501100001659"],["dc.description.sponsorship"," Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft https://doi.org/10.13039/501100001659"],["dc.description.sponsorship"," Leibniz-Gemeinschaft https://doi.org/10.13039/501100001664"],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1128/JVI.00246-17"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/114863"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.intern","DOI-Import GROB-602"],["dc.relation.eissn","1098-5514"],["dc.relation.issn","0022-538X"],["dc.relation.orgunit","Deutsches Primatenzentrum"],["dc.rights.uri","https://journals.asm.org/non-commercial-tdm-license"],["dc.title","pH Optimum of Hemagglutinin-Mediated Membrane Fusion Determines Sensitivity of Influenza A Viruses to the Interferon-Induced Antiviral State and IFITMs"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","unknown"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","6150"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","11"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Journal of Virology"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","6160"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","87"],["dc.contributor.author","Bertram, Stephanie"],["dc.contributor.author","Dijkman, Ronald"],["dc.contributor.author","Habjan, Matthias"],["dc.contributor.author","Heurich, Adeline"],["dc.contributor.author","Gierer, Stefanie"],["dc.contributor.author","Glowacka, Ilona"],["dc.contributor.author","Welsch, Kathrin"],["dc.contributor.author","Winkler, Michael"],["dc.contributor.author","Schneider, Heike"],["dc.contributor.author","Hofmann-Winkler, Heike"],["dc.contributor.author","Pöhlmann, Stefan"],["dc.date.accessioned","2022-10-06T13:25:38Z"],["dc.date.available","2022-10-06T13:25:38Z"],["dc.date.issued","2013"],["dc.description.abstract","ABSTRACT\n \n Infection with human coronavirus 229E (HCoV-229E) is associated with the common cold and may result in pneumonia in immunocompromised patients. The viral spike (S) protein is incorporated into the viral envelope and mediates infectious entry of HCoV-229E into host cells, a process that depends on the activation of the S-protein by host cell proteases. However, the proteases responsible for HCoV-229E activation are incompletely defined. Here we show that the type II transmembrane serine proteases TMPRSS2 and HAT cleave the HCoV-229E S-protein (229E-S) and augment 229E-S-driven cell-cell fusion, suggesting that TMPRSS2 and HAT can activate 229E-S. Indeed, engineered expression of TMPRSS2 and HAT rendered 229E-S-driven virus-cell fusion insensitive to an inhibitor of cathepsin L, a protease previously shown to facilitate HCoV-229E infection. Inhibition of endogenous cathepsin L or TMPRSS2 demonstrated that both proteases can activate 229E-S for entry into cells that are naturally susceptible to infection. In addition, evidence was obtained that activation by TMPRSS2 rescues 229E-S-dependent cell entry from inhibition by IFITM proteins. Finally, immunohistochemistry revealed that TMPRSS2 is coexpressed with CD13, the HCoV-229E receptor, in human airway epithelial (HAE) cells, and that CD13\n +\n TMPRSS2\n +\n cells are preferentially targeted by HCoV-229E, suggesting that TMPRSS2 can activate HCoV-229E in infected humans. In sum, our results indicate that HCoV-229E can employ redundant proteolytic pathways to ensure its activation in host cells. In addition, our observations and previous work suggest that diverse human respiratory viruses are activated by TMPRSS2, which may constitute a target for antiviral intervention."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1128/JVI.03372-12"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/114884"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.intern","DOI-Import GROB-602"],["dc.relation.eissn","1098-5514"],["dc.relation.issn","0022-538X"],["dc.relation.orgunit","Deutsches Primatenzentrum"],["dc.rights.uri","https://journals.asm.org/non-commercial-tdm-license"],["dc.title","TMPRSS2 Activates the Human Coronavirus 229E for Cathepsin-Independent Host Cell Entry and Is Expressed in Viral Target Cells in the Respiratory Epithelium"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","unknown"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","1"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Virology Journal"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","17"],["dc.contributor.author","Lambertz, Ruth Lydia Olga"],["dc.contributor.author","Gerhauser, Ingo"],["dc.contributor.author","Nehlmeier, Inga"],["dc.contributor.author","Gärtner, Sabine"],["dc.contributor.author","Winkler, Michael"],["dc.contributor.author","Leist, Sarah Rebecca"],["dc.contributor.author","Kollmus, Heike"],["dc.contributor.author","Pöhlmann, Stefan"],["dc.contributor.author","Schughart, Klaus"],["dc.date.accessioned","2020-12-10T18:39:01Z"],["dc.date.available","2020-12-10T18:39:01Z"],["dc.date.issued","2020"],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1186/s12985-020-01323-z"],["dc.identifier.eissn","1743-422X"],["dc.identifier.purl","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gs-1/17233"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/77513"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.intern","DOI Import GROB-354"],["dc.notes.intern","Merged from goescholar"],["dc.rights","CC BY 4.0"],["dc.rights.uri","https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"],["dc.title","H2 influenza A virus is not pathogenic in Tmprss2 knock-out mice"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.version","published_version"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.artnumber","e0224082"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","11"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","PLoS One"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","14"],["dc.contributor.author","Winkler, Michael"],["dc.contributor.author","Gärtner, Sabine"],["dc.contributor.author","Markus, Lara"],["dc.contributor.author","Hoffmann, Markus"],["dc.contributor.author","Nehlmeier, Inga"],["dc.contributor.author","Krawczak, Michael"],["dc.contributor.author","Sauermann, Ulrike"],["dc.contributor.author","Pöhlmann, Stefan"],["dc.date.accessioned","2019-11-05T08:51:28Z"],["dc.date.accessioned","2021-10-27T13:13:08Z"],["dc.date.available","2019-11-05T08:51:28Z"],["dc.date.available","2021-10-27T13:13:08Z"],["dc.date.issued","2019"],["dc.description.abstract","The experimental infection of rhesus macaques (rh) with simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) is an important model for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection of humans. The interferon-induced transmembrane protein 3 (IFITM3) inhibits HIV and SIV infection at the stage of host cell entry. However, it is still unclear to what extent the antiviral activity of IFITM3 observed in cell culture translates into inhibition of HIV/SIV spread in the infected host. We have shown previously that although rhIFITM3 inhibits SIV entry into cultured cells, polymorphisms in the rhIFITM3 gene are not strongly associated with viral load or disease progression in SIV infected macaques. Here, we examined whether rhIFITM3(2), which is closely related to rhIFITM3 at the sequence level, exerts antiviral activity and whether polymorphisms in the rhIFITM3(2) gene impact the course of SIV infection. We show that expression of rhIFITM3(2) is interferon-inducible and inhibits SIV entry into cells, although with reduced efficiency as compared to rhIFITM3. We further report the identification of 19 polymorphisms in the rhIFITM3(2) gene. However, analysis of a well characterized cohort of SIV infected macaques revealed that none of the polymorphisms had a significant impact upon the course of SIV infection. These results and our previous work suggest that polymorphisms in the rhIFITM3 and rhIFITM3(2) genes do not strongly modulate the course of SIV infection in macaques."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1371/journal.pone.0224082"],["dc.identifier.pmid","31682595"],["dc.identifier.purl","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gs-1/16596"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/91754"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.intern","Migrated from goescholar"],["dc.relation.eissn","1932-6203"],["dc.relation.issn","1932-6203"],["dc.relation.orgunit","Deutsches Primatenzentrum"],["dc.rights","CC BY 4.0"],["dc.rights.uri","https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"],["dc.subject.ddc","599"],["dc.title","Role of rhesus macaque IFITM3(2) in simian immunodeficiency virus infection of macaques"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","yes"],["dc.type.version","published_version"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.artnumber","e01488-16"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","2"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Journal of Virology"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","91"],["dc.contributor.author","Wrensch, Florian"],["dc.contributor.author","Hoffmann, Markus"],["dc.contributor.author","Gärtner, Sabine"],["dc.contributor.author","Nehlmeier, Inga"],["dc.contributor.author","Winkler, Michael"],["dc.contributor.author","Pöhlmann, Stefan"],["dc.contributor.editor","Ross, Susan R."],["dc.date.accessioned","2022-10-06T13:25:35Z"],["dc.date.available","2022-10-06T13:25:35Z"],["dc.date.issued","2017"],["dc.description.abstract","ABSTRACT\n Interferon-induced transmembrane proteins (IFITMs) can inhibit the cellular entry of several enveloped viruses, including simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV). The blockade of SIV by IFITMs is isolate specific, raising the question of which parameters impact sensitivity to IFITM. We show that the virion context in which SIV-Env is presented and the efficiency of virion incorporation determine Env susceptibility to inhibition by IFITMs. Thus, determinants other than the nature of the envelope protein can impact the IFITM sensitivity of viral entry.\n \n IMPORTANCE\n The host cell-encoded IFITM proteins can block viral entry and are an important component of the innate defenses against viral infection. However, the determinants controlling whether a virus is susceptible to blockade by IFITM proteins are incompletely understood. Our study shows that the amount of envelope proteins incorporated into virions as well as the nature of the virion particle itself can impact the sensitivity of viral entry to IFITMs. These results show for the first time that determinants other than the viral envelope protein can impact sensitivity to IFITM and have implications for the interpretation of previously published data on inhibition of viruses by IFITM proteins. Moreover, our findings might help to define the mechanism underlying the antiviral activity of IFITM proteins."],["dc.description.sponsorship"," Leibniz-Gemeinschaft https://doi.org/10.13039/501100001664"],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1128/JVI.01488-16"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/114874"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.intern","DOI-Import GROB-602"],["dc.relation.eissn","1098-5514"],["dc.relation.issn","0022-538X"],["dc.relation.orgunit","Deutsches Primatenzentrum"],["dc.rights.uri","http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"],["dc.title","Virion Background and Efficiency of Virion Incorporation Determine Susceptibility of Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Env-Driven Viral Entry to Inhibition by IFITM Proteins"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","unknown"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.artnumber","e0212757"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","3"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","PlOS ONE"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","14"],["dc.contributor.author","Bdeir, Najat"],["dc.contributor.author","Arora, Prerna"],["dc.contributor.author","Gärtner, Sabine"],["dc.contributor.author","Hoffmann, Markus"],["dc.contributor.author","Reichl, Udo"],["dc.contributor.author","Pöhlmann, Stefan"],["dc.contributor.author","Winkler, Michael"],["dc.date.accessioned","2019-07-09T11:50:20Z"],["dc.date.available","2019-07-09T11:50:20Z"],["dc.date.issued","2019"],["dc.description.abstract","Influenza A virus (IAV) infection poses a serious health threat and novel antiviral strategies are needed. Defective interfering particles (DIPs) can be generated in IAV infected cells due to errors of the viral polymerase and may suppress spread of wild type (wt) virus. The antiviral activity of DIPs is exerted by a DI genomic RNA segment that usually contains a large deletion and suppresses amplification of wt segments, potentially by competing for cellular and viral resources. DI-244 is a naturally occurring prototypic segment 1-derived DI RNA in which most of the PB2 open reading frame has been deleted and which is currently developed for antiviral therapy. At present, coinfection with wt virus is required for production of DI-244 particles which raises concerns regarding biosafety and may complicate interpretation of research results. Here, we show that cocultures of 293T and MDCK cell lines stably expressing codon optimized PB2 allow production of DI-244 particles solely from plasmids and in the absence of helper virus. Moreover, we demonstrate that infectivity of these particles can be quantified using MDCK-PB2 cells. Finally, we report that the DI-244 particles produced in this novel system exert potent antiviral activity against H1N1 and H3N2 IAV but not against the unrelated vesicular stomatitis virus. This is the first report of DIP production in the absence of infectious IAV and may spur efforts to develop DIPs for antiviral therapy."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1371/journal.pone.0212757"],["dc.identifier.pmid","30822349"],["dc.identifier.purl","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gs-1/15912"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/59749"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.intern","Merged from goescholar"],["dc.relation.issn","1932-6203"],["dc.rights","CC BY 4.0"],["dc.rights.uri","https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"],["dc.subject.ddc","599"],["dc.title","A system for production of defective interfering particles in the absence of infectious influenza A virus"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.version","published_version"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.artnumber","e0214968"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","4"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","PLOS ONE"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","14"],["dc.contributor.author","Plegge, Teresa"],["dc.contributor.author","Spiegel, Martin"],["dc.contributor.author","Krüger, Nadine"],["dc.contributor.author","Nehlmeier, Inga"],["dc.contributor.author","Winkler, Michael"],["dc.contributor.author","González Hernández, Mariana"],["dc.contributor.author","Pöhlmann, Stefan"],["dc.date.accessioned","2019-07-09T11:51:10Z"],["dc.date.available","2019-07-09T11:51:10Z"],["dc.date.issued","2019"],["dc.description.abstract","Emerging viruses such as severe fever and thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) and Ebola virus (EBOV) are responsible for significant morbidity and mortality. Host cell proteases that process the glycoproteins of these viruses are potential targets for antiviral intervention. The aspartyl protease signal peptide peptidase (SPP) has recently been shown to be required for processing of the glycoprotein precursor, Gn/Gc, of Bunyamwera virus and for viral infectivity. Here, we investigated whether SPP is also required for infectivity of particles bearing SFTSV-Gn/Gc. Entry driven by the EBOV glycoprotein (GP) and the Lassa virus glycoprotein (LASV-GPC) depends on the cysteine proteases cathepsin B and L (CatB/CatL) and the serine protease subtilisin/kexin-isozyme 1 (SKI-1), respectively, and was examined in parallel for control purposes. We found that inhibition of SPP and SKI-1 did not interfere with SFTSV Gn + Gc-driven entry but, unexpectedly, blocked entry mediated by EBOV-GP. The inhibition occurred at the stage of proteolytic activation and the SPP inhibitor was found to block CatL/CatB activity. In contrast, the SKI-1 inhibitor did not interfere with CatB/CatL activity but disrupted CatB localization in endo/lysosomes, the site of EBOV-GP processing. These results underline the potential of protease inhibitors for antiviral therapy but also show that previously characterized compounds might exert broader specificity than initially appreciated and might block viral entry via diverse mechanisms."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1371/journal.pone.0214968"],["dc.identifier.pmid","30973897"],["dc.identifier.purl","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gs-1/16063"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/59889"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.intern","Merged from goescholar"],["dc.rights","CC BY 4.0"],["dc.rights.uri","https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"],["dc.subject.ddc","599"],["dc.title","Inhibitors of signal peptide peptidase and subtilisin/kexin-isozyme 1 inhibit Ebola virus glycoprotein-driven cell entry by interfering with activity and cellular localization of endosomal cathepsins"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.version","published_version"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]