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  • 2020Journal Article Research Paper
    [["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","9"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Global Biogeochemical Cycles"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","34"],["dc.contributor.author","Finstad, Kari"],["dc.contributor.author","Straaten, Oliver"],["dc.contributor.author","Veldkamp, Edzo"],["dc.contributor.author","McFarlane, Karis"],["dc.date.accessioned","2021-04-14T08:23:14Z"],["dc.date.available","2021-04-14T08:23:14Z"],["dc.date.issued","2020"],["dc.description.abstract","Tropical forests account for a large portion of the Earth's terrestrial carbon pool. However, rapid deforestation threatens the stability of this carbon. We examine radiocarbon (Δ14C) and stable carbon (δ13C) isotopes of soil organic matter to provide insight into rates of carbon turnover, inputs, and losses of pasture-derived (C4) versus forest or oil palm-derived (C3) carbon. Data are presented for natural lowland forests on mineral soil converted to pastures in Peru and to oil palm plantations in Peru, Indonesia, and Cameroon. We additionally examine plots of secondary forests following agricultural use. There were large losses in carbon stocks under both pasture and oil palms. In the plots converted to pasture, our data indicate a preferential loss of relatively young carbon, and a greater loss of forest-derived carbon than replacement with pasture-derived carbon. Natural forests converted directly to oil palm plantations sustained losses in carbon, but Δ14C values suggest that the soil may retain a sufficient amount of newly acquired carbon to offset initial losses of young carbon. Furthermore, replacement of pastures with oil palm plantations facilitates the accumulation of young carbon, which may lead to a gradual increase in carbon stocks. The sites examined here are representative of the biophysical characteristics in roughly half of the humid tropics, suggesting that these findings may be applicable to a large area of similarly managed mineral soils in lowland tropical forests."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1029/2019GB006461"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/80837"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.intern","DOI Import GROB-399"],["dc.relation","SFB 990: Ökologische und sozioökonomische Funktionen tropischer Tieflandregenwald-Transformationssysteme (Sumatra, Indonesien)"],["dc.relation","SFB 990 | A | A05: Optimierung des Nährstoffmanagements in Ölpalmplantagen und Hochrechnung plot-basierter Treibhausgasflüsse auf die Landschaftsebene transformierter Regenwälder"],["dc.relation.eissn","1944-9224"],["dc.relation.issn","0886-6236"],["dc.rights","CC BY-NC-ND 4.0"],["dc.subject.gro","sfb990_journalarticles"],["dc.title","Soil Carbon Dynamics Following Land Use Changes and Conversion to Oil Palm Plantations in Tropical Lowlands Inferred From Radiocarbon"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.subtype","original_ja"],["dc.type.version","published_version"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]
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  • 2018Journal Article Research Paper
    [["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","5131"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","16"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Biogeosciences"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","5154"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","15"],["dc.contributor.author","Kurniawan, Syahrul"],["dc.contributor.author","Corre, Marife D."],["dc.contributor.author","Matson, Amanda L."],["dc.contributor.author","Schulte-Bisping, Hubert"],["dc.contributor.author","Utami, Sri Rahayu"],["dc.contributor.author","van Straaten, Oliver"],["dc.contributor.author","Veldkamp, Edzo"],["dc.date.accessioned","2019-07-09T11:45:54Z"],["dc.date.available","2019-07-09T11:45:54Z"],["dc.date.issued","2018"],["dc.description.abstract","Conversion of forest to rubber and oil palm plantations is widespread in Sumatra, Indonesia, and it is largely unknown how such land-use conversion affects nutrient leaching losses. Our study aimed to quantify nutrient leaching and nutrient retention efficiency in the soil after land-use conversion to smallholder rubber and oil palm plantations. In Jambi province, Indonesia, we selected two landscapes on highly weathered Acrisol soils that mainly differed in texture: loam and clay. Within each soil type, we compared two reference land uses, lowland forest and jungle rubber (defined as rubber trees interspersed in secondary forest), with two converted land uses: smallholder rubber and oil palm plantations. Within each soil type, the first three land uses were represented by 4 replicate sites and the oil palm by three sites, totaling 30 sites. We measured leaching losses using suction cup lysimeters sampled biweekly to monthly from February to December 2013. Forests and jungle rubber had low solute concentrations in drainage water, suggesting low internal inputs of rock-derived nutrients and efficient internal cycling of nutrients. These reference land uses on the clay Acrisol soils had lower leaching of dissolved N and base cations (P D0.01–0.06) and higher N and base cation retention efficiency (P < 0.01–0.07) than those on the loam Acrisols. In the converted land uses, particularly on the loam Acrisol, the fertilized area of oil palm plantations showed higher leaching of dissolved N, organic C, and base cations (P < 0.01–0.08) and lower N and base cation retention efficiency compared to all the other land uses (P < 0.01–0.06). The unfertilized rubber plantations, particularly on the loam Acrisol, showed lower leaching of dissolved P (P D 0:08) and organic C (P < 0.01) compared to forest or jungle rubber, reflecting decreases in soil P stocks and C inputs to the soil. Our results suggest that land-use conversion to rubber and oil palm causes disruption of initially efficient nutrient cycling, which decreases nutrient availability. Over time, smallholders will likely be increasingly reliant on fertilization, with the risk of diminishing water quality due to increased nutrient leaching. Thus, there is a need to develop management practices to minimize leaching while sustaining productivity."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.5194/bg-15-5131-2018"],["dc.identifier.purl","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gs-1/15340"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/59333"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.intern","Merged from goescholar"],["dc.relation","SFB 990: Ökologische und sozioökonomische Funktionen tropischer Tieflandregenwald-Transformationssysteme (Sumatra, Indonesien)"],["dc.relation","SFB 990 | A | A05: Optimierung des Nährstoffmanagements in Ölpalmplantagen und Hochrechnung plot-basierter Treibhausgasflüsse auf die Landschaftsebene transformierter Regenwälder"],["dc.relation.issn","1726-4189"],["dc.rights","CC BY 4.0"],["dc.rights.uri","https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"],["dc.subject.ddc","570"],["dc.subject.gro","sfb990_journalarticles"],["dc.title","Conversion of tropical forests to smallholder rubber and oil palm plantations impacts nutrient leaching losses and nutrient retention efficiency in highly weathered soils"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.subtype","original_ja"],["dc.type.version","published_version"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]
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