Now showing 1 - 10 of 49
  • 2013Journal Article
    [["dc.bibliographiccitation.artnumber","58"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","1"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","1"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Frontiers in Zoology"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","15"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","10"],["dc.contributor.author","Maciej, Peter"],["dc.contributor.author","Ndao, Ibrahima"],["dc.contributor.author","Hammerschmidt, Kurt"],["dc.contributor.author","Fischer, Julia"],["dc.date.accessioned","2017-09-07T11:47:39Z"],["dc.date.available","2017-09-07T11:47:39Z"],["dc.date.issued","2013"],["dc.description.abstract","BACKGROUND:To understand the evolution of acoustic communication in animals, it is important to distinguish between the structure and the usage of vocal signals, since both aspects are subject to different constraints. In terrestrial mammals, the structure of calls is largely innate, while individuals have a greater ability to actively initiate or withhold calls. In closely related taxa, one would therefore predict a higher flexibility in call usage compared to call structure. In the present study, we investigated the vocal repertoire of free living Guinea baboons (Papio papio) and examined the structure and usage of the animals' vocal signals. Guinea baboons live in a complex multi-level social organization and exhibit a largely tolerant and affiliative social style, contrary to most other baboon taxa. To classify the vocal repertoire of male and female Guinea baboons, cluster analyses were used and focal observations were conducted to assess the usage of vocal signals in the particular contexts.RESULTS:In general, the vocal repertoire of Guinea baboons largely corresponded to the vocal repertoire other baboon taxa. The usage of calls, however, differed considerably from other baboon taxa and corresponded with the specific characteristics of the Guinea baboons' social behaviour. While Guinea baboons showed a diminished usage of contest and display vocalizations (a common pattern observed in chacma baboons), they frequently used vocal signals during affiliative and greeting interactions.CONCLUSIONS:Our study shows that the call structure of primates is largely unaffected by the species' social system (including grouping patterns and social interactions), while the usage of calls can be more flexibly adjusted, reflecting the quality of social interactions of the individuals. Our results support the view that the primary function of social signals is to regulate social interactions, and therefore the degree of competition and cooperation may be more important to explain variation in call usage than grouping patterns or group size."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1186/1742-9994-10-58"],["dc.identifier.gro","3150680"],["dc.identifier.pmid","24059742"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/7463"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.status","final"],["dc.relation.issn","1742-9994"],["dc.subject","Evolution; Vocal communication; Call structure; Call usage; Guinea baboon; Social complexity; Competition"],["dc.title","Vocal communication in a complex multi-level society: constrained acoustic structure and flexible call usage in Guinea baboons"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","unknown"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","no"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]
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  • 2011Journal Article
    [["dc.bibliographiccitation.artnumber","180"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","1"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","1"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Frontiers in Psychology"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","11"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","2"],["dc.contributor.author","Jürgens, Rebecca"],["dc.contributor.author","Hammerschmidt, Kurt"],["dc.contributor.author","Fischer, Julia"],["dc.date.accessioned","2017-09-07T11:47:16Z"],["dc.date.available","2017-09-07T11:47:16Z"],["dc.date.issued","2011"],["dc.description.abstract","Play-acted emotional expressions are a frequent aspect in our life, ranging from deception to theater, film, and radio drama, to emotion research. To date, however, it remained unclear whether play-acted emotions correspond to spontaneous emotion expressions. To test whether acting influences the vocal expression of emotion, we compared radio sequences of naturally occurring emotions to actors’ portrayals. It was hypothesized that play-acted expressions were performed in a more stereotyped and aroused fashion. Our results demonstrate that speech segments extracted from play-acted and authentic expressions differ in their voice quality. Additionally, the play-acted speech tokens revealed a more variable F0-contour. Despite these differences, the results did not support the hypothesis that the variation was due to changes in arousal. This analysis revealed that differences in perception of play-acted and authentic emotional stimuli reported previously cannot simply be attributed to differences in arousal, but by slight and implicitly perceptible differences in encoding."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.3389/fpsyg.2011.00180"],["dc.identifier.gro","3150667"],["dc.identifier.purl","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gs-1/8729"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/7448"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.intern","Merged from goescholar"],["dc.notes.status","final"],["dc.relation.issn","1664-1078"],["dc.rights","Goescholar"],["dc.rights.uri","https://goescholar.uni-goettingen.de/licenses"],["dc.title","Authentic and Play-Acted Vocal Emotion Expressions Reveal Acoustic Differences"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","unknown"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","yes"],["dc.type.version","published_version"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]
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  • 1995Journal Article
    [["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","51"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","1"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Ethology"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","66"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","101"],["dc.contributor.author","Fischer, Julia"],["dc.contributor.author","Hammerschmidt, Kurt"],["dc.contributor.author","Todt, Dietmar"],["dc.date.accessioned","2018-03-08T09:21:19Z"],["dc.date.available","2018-03-08T09:21:19Z"],["dc.date.issued","1995"],["dc.description.abstract","Semi-free-ranging Barbary macaques (Macaca sylvanus) were observed to utter distinctive calls after disturbances in the surroundings (e.g. presence of a predator, occurrence of some unusual phenomenon). These calls differed from calls given in other contexts. Most of these calls were uttered in a serial manner, some of which lasted as long as the corresponding context. The aim of this study was to determine the object-related specificity of calls and variation of acoustic parameters within a call series. The analysis revealed that acoustic features of calls varied among contexts. Within one apparently homogeneous context, both temporal and frequency characteristics shifted gradually. Furthermore, the disturbance calls clearly differed between individuals. To examine the disturbance calls' meaning, playback experiments were conducted in which alarm calls and disturbance calls were presented. After playback of an alarm call, subjects typically showed an escape response, whereas, in response to disturbance calls, they most often scanned the surroundings. Juvenile animals generally showed stronger responses than adults."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1111/j.1439-0310.1995.tb00345.x"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/12842"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.intern","GRO-Li-Import"],["dc.notes.status","final"],["dc.relation.doi","10.1111/j.1439-0310.1995.tb00345.x"],["dc.relation.issn","0179-1613"],["dc.relation.issn","1439-0310"],["dc.title","Factors Affecting Acoustic Variation in Barbary-macaque (Macaca sylvanus) Disturbance Calls"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","unknown"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]
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  • 2007Journal Article
    [["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","947"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","4"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","International Journal of Primatology"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","960"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","28"],["dc.contributor.author","Ey, Elodie"],["dc.contributor.author","Hammerschmidt, Kurt"],["dc.contributor.author","Seyfarth, Robert M."],["dc.contributor.author","Fischer, Julia"],["dc.date.accessioned","2018-03-08T09:22:21Z"],["dc.date.available","2018-03-08T09:22:21Z"],["dc.date.issued","2007"],["dc.description.abstract","Changes in vocalizations during ontogeny can in principle be related to three factors: growth, maturation, and experience, i.e., learning. While learning is a prerequisite for the proper development of speech, it hardly appears to play a role in the development of the species-typical vocal behavior of nonhuman primates. Nonetheless, subjects of different age and sex often exhibit prominent variation in the structure of their vocalizations. We investigated ontogenetic changes and the emergence of sex-related differences in the acoustic structure of Chacma baboon (Papio ursinus) clear calls. We recorded the vocalizations emitted by individuals separated from the rest of the group or from particular individuals, in a group of baboons in the Moremi Wildlife Reserve, Botswana. We analyzed calls from 58 baboons of both sexes and all age classes. While the structure of the call appeared to be fixed from birth, call duration, the distribution of energy, and the fundamental frequency of the calls, including modulation, varied with age and sex of the caller. We discuss how body size may explain the variations. Some of the variables exhibited a different profile of variation with age between the sexes, with significant differences becoming apparent around puberty. The emergence of these sexual differences may be explained by the onset of sexual dimorphism in body size and mass. To which degree the hormonal status contributes to variation in the calling remains to be investigated."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1007/s10764-007-9139-3"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/12957"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.intern","GRO-Li-Import"],["dc.notes.status","final"],["dc.relation.doi","10.1007/s10764-007-9139-3"],["dc.relation.eissn","1573-8604"],["dc.relation.issn","0164-0291"],["dc.relation.issn","1573-8604"],["dc.title","Age- and Sex-Related Variations in Clear Calls of Papio ursinus"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","unknown"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]
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  • 2001Journal Article
    [["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","29"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","1"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Animal Cognition"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","35"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","4"],["dc.contributor.author","Fischer, Julia"],["dc.contributor.author","Hammerschmidt, Kurt"],["dc.date.accessioned","2018-03-08T09:22:21Z"],["dc.date.available","2018-03-08T09:22:21Z"],["dc.date.issued","2001"],["dc.description.abstract","Barbary macaques (Macaca sylvanus) utter \"shrill barks\" in response to disturbances in their surroundings. In some cases, the majority of group members react by running away or climbing up a tree. In many other instances, however, group members show no overt reaction to these calls. We conducted a series of playback experiments to identify the factors underlying subjects' responses. We presented calls given in response to dogs that had elicited escape responses and calls that had failed to do so. We also presented calls given in response to snakes and to the observer approaching the sleeping-trees at night. An acoustic analysis of the calls presented in the playback experiments (electronic supplementary material, audioclip S1) revealed significant differences among calls given in response to dogs, the observer approaching at night, and snakes. However, the analysis did not detect any differences between calls given in response to dogs that were related to whether or not they had elicited escape responses in the first place. Correspondingly, after playback of calls given in response to dogs, we observed no difference in subjects' responses in relation to whether or not the calls had initially elicited escape responses. Subjects showed startle or escape responses significantly more often after playbacks of calls given in response to dogs than after calls given in response to observers. Playbacks of calls given in response to snakes failed to elicit specific responses such as standing bipedally or scanning the grass. Although these findings may imply that responses depend on the external referent, they also indicate that there is no clear-cut relationship between the information available to the listeners and their subsequent responses. This insight forces us to extend current approaches to identifying the meaning of animal signals."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1007/s100710100093"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/12953"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.intern","GRO-Li-Import"],["dc.notes.status","final"],["dc.relation.doi","10.1007/s100710100093"],["dc.relation.issn","1435-9448"],["dc.title","Functional referents and acoustic similarity revisited: the case of Barbary macaque alarm calls"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","unknown"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]
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  • 2008Journal Article
    [["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","601"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","3"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","International Journal of Primatology"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","613"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","29"],["dc.contributor.author","Schneider, Christina"],["dc.contributor.author","Hodges, Keith"],["dc.contributor.author","Fischer, Julia"],["dc.contributor.author","Hammerschmidt, Kurt"],["dc.date.accessioned","2017-09-07T11:47:43Z"],["dc.date.available","2017-09-07T11:47:43Z"],["dc.date.issued","2008"],["dc.description.abstract","The loud calls nonhuman primates use in long-distance communication have supposedly been selected for efficient information transfer in the habitat. The differential effects of scattering and reverberation and the masking effects of background noise predict that loud calls produced in rain forest habitats should be low-pitched and whistle-like with low-frequency modulation. Callers may also use particular calling posts or times of day with reduced background noise to increase the efficacy of sound transmission. We studied the loud calls of the 4 sympatric primate species on Siberut Island. Only Kloss gibbons (Hylobates klossii) fulfilled the predictions regarding both the structure and use of calls. Though the other 3 species —Mentawai macaques (Macaca siberu), pig-tailed langurs (Simias concolor), and Mentawai leaf monkeys (Presbytis potenziani)— also concentrated their main energies in the spectral window with the lowest background noise, their calls were not adapted to long-range transmission. All 4 species produced loud calls exclusively no lower than 18 m above ground, but food abundance and shelter in the canopy may also be factors. Though all 4 species produced the majority of loud calls in the morning, it was not the only time of day with reduced background noise. We suggest that phylogenetic inheritance may better explain the structure of calls than adaptation to the habitat. In sum, the observed usage of spectral and temporal niches is not solely an adaptation to the sound profile of the habitat, though it clearly improves their transmission."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1007/s10764-007-9181-1"],["dc.identifier.gro","3150697"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/7482"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.status","final"],["dc.relation.issn","0164-0291"],["dc.title","Acoustic Niches of Siberut Primates"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","unknown"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","yes"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]
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  • 2009Journal Article
    [["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","493"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","5"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Ethology"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","503"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","115"],["dc.contributor.author","Ey, Elodie"],["dc.contributor.author","Rahn, Charlotte"],["dc.contributor.author","Hammerschmidt, Kurt"],["dc.contributor.author","Fischer, Julia"],["dc.date.accessioned","2017-09-07T11:47:13Z"],["dc.date.available","2017-09-07T11:47:13Z"],["dc.date.issued","2009"],["dc.description.abstract","Sound propagates differently and visibility varies according to the habitat type. Animals should therefore adapt the acoustic structure and the usage of their vocal signals to the environment. In the present study, we examined the influence of the habitat on the vocal behaviour of wild olive baboons (Papio hamadryas anubis) in two populations: one living in Gashaka-Gumti National Park, Nigeria, and the other in Budongo Forest, Uganda. We investigated whether female baboons modified the acoustic structure of their grunts and their rate of grunting when they wandered between closed and open habitat types. As an adaptation to the environmental conditions, baboons might utter calls with a longer duration, a lower fundamental frequency and/or energy concentrated in lower frequencies in a closed habitat like forest than in an open habitat. Baboons should also grunt more frequently in the closed habitat. Analyses showed that in both populations grunts uttered in forest were significantly longer than in open habitat. Additionally, baboons from Uganda showed a significantly higher grunt rate in forest than in open habitat. These results revealed a certain degree of plasticity in vocal production and call usage with regard to the habitat type. However, results in Nigeria suggested that, besides habitat structure, other proximate factors like the context of calling and the proximity between group members could also have an influence on the actual communication patterns."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1111/j.1439-0310.2009.01638.x"],["dc.identifier.gro","3150653"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/7433"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.status","final"],["dc.relation.issn","0179-1613"],["dc.title","Wild Female Olive Baboons Adapt their Grunt Vocalizations to Environmental Conditions"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","unknown"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","no"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]
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  • 2020Journal Article
    [["dc.bibliographiccitation.artnumber","20190045"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","1789"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. B, Biological Sciences"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","375"],["dc.contributor.author","Fischer, Julia"],["dc.contributor.author","Hammerschmidt, Kurt"],["dc.date.accessioned","2020-05-05T14:29:04Z"],["dc.date.available","2020-05-05T14:29:04Z"],["dc.date.issued","2020"],["dc.description.abstract","The extent to which vocal learning can be found in nonhuman primates is key to reconstructing the evolution of speech. Regarding the adjustment of vocal output in relation to auditory experience (vocal production learning in the narrow sense), effects on the ontogenetic trajectory of vocal development as well as adjustment to group-specific call features have been found. Yet, a comparison of the vocalizations of different primate genera revealed striking similarities in the structure of calls and repertoires in different species of the same genus, indicating that the structure of nonhuman primate vocalizations is highly conserved. Thus, modifications in relation to experience only appear to be possible within relatively tight species-specific constraints. By contrast, comprehension learning may be extremely rapid and open-ended. In conjunction, these findings corroborate the idea of an ancestral independence of vocal production and auditory comprehension learning. To overcome the futile debate about whether or not vocal production learning can be found in nonhuman primates, we suggest putting the focus on the different mechanisms that may mediate the adjustment of vocal output in response to experience; these mechanisms may include auditory facilitation and learning from success. This article is part of the theme issue 'What can animal communication teach us about human language?'"],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1098/rstb.2019.0045"],["dc.identifier.pmid","31735147"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/64862"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.relation.eissn","1471-2970"],["dc.relation.issn","0962-8436"],["dc.title","Towards a new taxonomy of primate vocal production learning"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]
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  • 2013Journal Article Research Paper
    [["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","41"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Behavioural Brain Research"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","49"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","251"],["dc.contributor.author","El-Kordi, Ahmed"],["dc.contributor.author","Winkler, Daniela"],["dc.contributor.author","Hammerschmidt, Kurt"],["dc.contributor.author","Kästner, Anne"],["dc.contributor.author","Krueger, Dilja"],["dc.contributor.author","Ronnenberg, Anja"],["dc.contributor.author","Ritter, Caroline"],["dc.contributor.author","Jatho, Jasmin"],["dc.contributor.author","Radyushkin, Konstantin"],["dc.contributor.author","Bourgeron, Thomas"],["dc.contributor.author","Fischer, Julia"],["dc.contributor.author","Brose, Nils"],["dc.contributor.author","Ehrenreich, Hannelore"],["dc.date.accessioned","2017-09-07T11:47:38Z"],["dc.date.available","2017-09-07T11:47:38Z"],["dc.date.issued","2013"],["dc.description.abstract","Autism is the short name of a complex and heterogeneous group of disorders (autism spectrum disorders, ASD) with several lead symptoms required for classification, including compromised social interaction, reduced verbal communication and stereotyped repetitive behaviors/restricted interests. The etiology of ASD is still unknown in most cases but monogenic heritable forms exist that have provided insights into ASD pathogenesis and have led to the notion of autism as a 'synapse disorder'. Among the most frequent monogenic causes of autism are loss-of-function mutations of the NLGN4X gene which encodes the synaptic cell adhesion protein neuroligin-4X (NLGN4X). We previously described autism-like behaviors in male Nlgn4 null mutant mice, including reduced social interaction and ultrasonic communication. Here, we extend the phenotypical characterization of Nlgn4 null mutant mice to both genders and add a series of additional autism-relevant behavioral readouts. We now report similar social interaction and ultrasonic communication deficits in females as in males. Furthermore, aggression, nest-building parameters, as well as self-grooming and circling as indicators of repetitive behaviors/stereotypies were explored in both genders. The construction of a gender-specific autism severity composite score for Nlgn4 mutant mice markedly diminishes population/sample heterogeneity typically obtained for single tests, resulting in p values of <0.00001 and a genotype predictability of 100% for male and of >83% for female mice. Taken together, these data underscore the similarity of phenotypical consequences of Nlgn4/NLGN4X loss-of-function in mouse and man, and emphasize the high relevance of Nlgn4 null mutant mice as an ASD model with both construct and face validity."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1016/j.bbr.2012.11.016"],["dc.identifier.gro","3142307"],["dc.identifier.isi","000322927700006"],["dc.identifier.pmid","23183221"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/6831"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.intern","WoS Import 2017-03-10"],["dc.notes.status","final"],["dc.notes.submitter","PUB_WoS_Import"],["dc.relation.issn","0166-4328"],["dc.subject","Social interaction; Nest building; Grooming; Repetitive behaviors; Stereotypies; Ultra-sound vocalization; Gender differences; ASD"],["dc.title","Development of an autism severity score for mice using Nlgn4 null mutants as a construct-valid model of heritable monogenic autism"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","yes"],["dc.type.subtype","original"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]
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  • 2009Journal Article
    [["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","416"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","4"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Genes, Brain and Behavior"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","425"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","8"],["dc.contributor.author","Radyushkin, K."],["dc.contributor.author","Hammerschmidt, K."],["dc.contributor.author","Boretius, S."],["dc.contributor.author","Varoqueaux, F."],["dc.contributor.author","El-Kordi, A."],["dc.contributor.author","Ronnenberg, A."],["dc.contributor.author","Winter, D."],["dc.contributor.author","Frahm, J."],["dc.contributor.author","Fischer, J."],["dc.contributor.author","Brose, N."],["dc.contributor.author","Ehrenreich, H."],["dc.date.accessioned","2017-08-25T10:14:23Z"],["dc.date.available","2017-08-25T10:14:23Z"],["dc.date.issued","2009"],["dc.description.abstract","Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a frequent neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by variable clinical severity. Core symptoms are qualitatively impaired communication and social behavior, highly restricted interests and repetitive behaviors. Although recent work on genetic mutations in ASD has shed light on the pathophysiology of the disease, classifying it essentially as a synaptopathy, no treatments are available to date. To develop and test novel ASD treatment approaches, validated and informative animal models are required. Of particular interest, in this context are loss-of-function mutations in the postsynaptic cell adhesion protein neuroligin-4 and point mutations in its homologue neuroligin-3 (NL-3) that were found to cause certain forms of monogenic heritable ASD in humans. Here, we show that NL-3-deficient mice display a behavioral phenotype reminiscent of the lead symptoms of ASD: reduced ultrasound vocalization and a lack of social novelty preference. The latter may be related to an olfactory deficiency observed in the NL-3 mutants. Interestingly, such olfactory phenotype is also present in a subgroup of human ASD patients. Tests for learning and memory showed no gross abnormalities in NL-3 mutants. Also, no alterations were found in time spent in social interaction, prepulse inhibition, seizure propensity and sucrose preference. As often seen in adult ASD patients, total brain volume of NL-3 mutant mice was slightly reduced as assessed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Our findings show that the NL-3 knockout mouse represents a useful animal model for understanding pathophysiological events in monogenic heritable ASD and for developing novel treatment strategies in this devastating human disorder."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1111/j.1601-183x.2009.00487.x"],["dc.identifier.gro","3150625"],["dc.identifier.pmid","19243448"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/7403"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.status","final"],["dc.relation.issn","1601-1848"],["dc.title","Neuroligin-3-deficient mice: model of a monogenic heritable form of autism with an olfactory deficit"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","unknown"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","no"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]
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