Knauf, Sascha

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.artnumber","e0003637"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","3"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","PLoS neglected tropical diseases"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","9"],["dc.contributor.author","Knauf, Sascha"],["dc.contributor.author","Dahlmann, Franziska"],["dc.contributor.author","Batamuzi, Emmanuel K."],["dc.contributor.author","Frischmann, Sieghard"],["dc.contributor.author","Liu, Hsi"],["dc.date.accessioned","2019-07-09T11:42:32Z"],["dc.date.available","2019-07-09T11:42:32Z"],["dc.date.issued","2015-03-01"],["dc.description.abstract","There is evidence to suggest that the yaws bacterium (Treponema pallidum ssp. pertenue) may exist in non-human primate populations residing in regions where yaws is endemic in humans. Especially in light of the fact that the World Health Organizaiton (WHO) recently launched its second yaws eradication campaign, there is a considerable need for reliable tools to identify treponemal infection in our closest relatives, African monkeys and great apes. It was hypothesized that commercially available serological tests detect simian anti-T. pallidum antibody in serum samples of baboons, with comparable sensitivity and specificity to their results on human sera. Test performances of five different treponemal tests (TTs) and two non-treponemal tests (NTTs) were evaluated using serum samples of 57 naturally T. pallidum-infected olive baboons (Papio anubis) from Lake Manyara National Park in Tanzania. The T. pallidum particle agglutination assay (TP-PA) was used as a gold standard for comparison. In addition, the overall infection status of the animals was used to further validate test performances. For most accurate results, only samples that originated from baboons of known infection status, as verified in a previous study by clinical inspection, PCR and immunohistochemistry, were included. All tests, TTs and NTTs, used in this study were able to reliably detect antibodies against T. pallidum in serum samples of infected baboons. The sensitivity of TTs ranged from 97.7-100%, while specificity was between 88.0-100.0%. The two NTTs detected anti-lipoidal antibodies in serum samples of infected baboons with a sensitivity of 83.3% whereas specificity was 100%. For screening purposes, the TT Espline TP provided the highest sensitivity and specificity and at the same time provided the most suitable format for use in the field. The enzyme immune assay Mastblot TP (IgG), however, could be considered as a confirmatory test."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1371/journal.pntd.0003637"],["dc.identifier.pmid","25803295"],["dc.identifier.purl","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gs-1/13558"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/58687"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.intern","Merged from goescholar"],["dc.relation.issn","1935-2735"],["dc.rights","CC BY 4.0"],["dc.rights.uri","https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"],["dc.subject.mesh","Agglutination Tests"],["dc.subject.mesh","Animals"],["dc.subject.mesh","Antibodies, Bacterial"],["dc.subject.mesh","Monkey Diseases"],["dc.subject.mesh","Papio"],["dc.subject.mesh","Sensitivity and Specificity"],["dc.subject.mesh","Serologic Tests"],["dc.subject.mesh","Tanzania"],["dc.subject.mesh","Treponema pallidum"],["dc.subject.mesh","Yaws"],["dc.title","Validation of serological tests for the detection of antibodies against Treponema pallidum in nonhuman primates."],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.version","published_version"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.artnumber","e0004958"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","5"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","PLoS neglected tropical diseases"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","11"],["dc.contributor.author","Houinei, Wendy"],["dc.contributor.author","Godornes, Charmie"],["dc.contributor.author","Kapa, August"],["dc.contributor.author","Knauf, Sascha"],["dc.contributor.author","Mooring, Eric Q."],["dc.contributor.author","González-Beiras, Camila"],["dc.contributor.author","Watup, Ronald"],["dc.contributor.author","Paru, Raymond"],["dc.contributor.author","Advent, Paul"],["dc.contributor.author","Bieb, Sivauk"],["dc.contributor.author","Sanz, Sergi"],["dc.contributor.author","Bassat, Quique"],["dc.contributor.author","Spinola, Stanley M."],["dc.contributor.author","Lukehart, Sheila A."],["dc.contributor.author","Mitjà, Oriol"],["dc.date.accessioned","2019-07-09T11:44:51Z"],["dc.date.available","2019-07-09T11:44:51Z"],["dc.date.issued","2017-05"],["dc.description.abstract","BACKGROUND: Haemophilus ducreyi and Treponema pallidum subsp. pertenue are major causes of leg ulcers in children in Africa and the Pacific Region. We investigated the presence of DNA (PCR positivity) from these bacteria on asymptomatic people, flies, and household linens in an endemic setting. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We performed a cross-sectional study in rural villages of Lihir Island, Papua New Guinea during a yaws elimination campaign. Participants were asymptomatic subjects recruited from households with cases of leg ulcers, and from households without cases of leg ulcers. We rubbed swabs on the intact skin of the leg of asymptomatic individuals, and collected flies and swabs of environmental surfaces. All specimens were tested by PCR for H. ducreyi and T. p. pertenue DNA. Of 78 asymptomatic participants that had an adequate specimen for DNA detection, H. ducreyi-PCR positivity was identified in 16 (21%) and T. p. pertenue-PCR positivity in 1 (1%). In subgroup analyses, H. ducreyi-PCR positivity did not differ in participants exposed or not exposed to a case of H. ducreyi ulcer in the household (24% vs 18%; p = 0.76). Of 17 cultures obtained from asymptomatic participants, 2 (12%) yielded a definitive diagnosis of H. ducreyi, proving skin colonization. Of 10 flies tested, 9 (90%) had H. ducreyi DNA and 5 (50%) had T. p. pertenue DNA. Of 6 bed sheets sampled, 2 (33%) had H. ducreyi DNA and 1 (17%) had T. p. pertenue DNA. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: This is the first time that H. ducreyi DNA and colonization has been demonstrated on the skin of asymptomatic children and that H. ducreyi DNA and T. p. pertenue DNA has been identified in flies and on fomites. The ubiquity of H. ducreyi in the environment is a contributing factor to the spread of the organism."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1371/journal.pntd.0004958"],["dc.identifier.pmid","28489855"],["dc.identifier.purl","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gs-1/14930"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/59113"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.intern","Merged from goescholar"],["dc.relation.issn","1935-2735"],["dc.rights","CC BY 4.0"],["dc.rights.uri","https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"],["dc.subject.ddc","599"],["dc.subject.mesh","Adolescent"],["dc.subject.mesh","Animals"],["dc.subject.mesh","Anti-Bacterial Agents"],["dc.subject.mesh","Asymptomatic Diseases"],["dc.subject.mesh","Azithromycin"],["dc.subject.mesh","Chancroid"],["dc.subject.mesh","Child"],["dc.subject.mesh","Child, Preschool"],["dc.subject.mesh","Cross-Sectional Studies"],["dc.subject.mesh","DNA, Bacterial"],["dc.subject.mesh","Diptera"],["dc.subject.mesh","Female"],["dc.subject.mesh","Fomites"],["dc.subject.mesh","Haemophilus ducreyi"],["dc.subject.mesh","Humans"],["dc.subject.mesh","Leg Ulcer"],["dc.subject.mesh","Logistic Models"],["dc.subject.mesh","Male"],["dc.subject.mesh","Papua New Guinea"],["dc.subject.mesh","Polymerase Chain Reaction"],["dc.subject.mesh","Skin"],["dc.subject.mesh","Treponema pallidum"],["dc.subject.mesh","Yaws"],["dc.title","Haemophilus ducreyi DNA is detectable on the skin of asymptomatic children, flies and fomites in villages of Papua New Guinea."],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.version","published_version"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]