Schmahl, Günter A.

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","868"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","871"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","467"],["dc.contributor.author","Kamijo, N."],["dc.contributor.author","Suzuki, Y."],["dc.contributor.author","Awajia, M."],["dc.contributor.author","Takeuchi, A."],["dc.contributor.author","Uesugi, K."],["dc.contributor.author","Yasumoto, M."],["dc.contributor.author","Tamura, S."],["dc.contributor.author","Kohmura, Y."],["dc.contributor.author","Duevel, A."],["dc.contributor.author","Rudolph, Dietbert H."],["dc.contributor.author","Schmahl, Günther A."],["dc.date.accessioned","2018-11-07T08:51:53Z"],["dc.date.available","2018-11-07T08:51:53Z"],["dc.date.issued","2001"],["dc.description.abstract","A zone plate for hard X-rays with outermost zone width as small as 30 nm and thickness similar to 14 mum fabricated by sputtered-sliced technology was evaluated. With the brilliant X-ray beam from the undulator at the SPring-8 the minimum focal spot size attained was similar to0.8 mum at the energy of 18.6keV. The intrinsic diffraction efficiency was determined to be similar to 12%. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1016/S0168-9002(01)00501-0"],["dc.identifier.isi","000171012800009"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/22040"],["dc.notes.status","zu prüfen"],["dc.notes.submitter","Najko"],["dc.publisher","Elsevier Science Bv"],["dc.publisher.place","Amsterdam"],["dc.relation.conference","7th International Conference on Synchrotron Radiation Instrumentation (SRI 2000)"],["dc.relation.eventlocation","TECH UNIV BERLIN, BERLIN, GERMANY"],["dc.relation.issn","0168-9002"],["dc.title","Characterization of the sputtered-sliced zone plate for high energy X-rays"],["dc.type","conference_paper"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","yes"],["dc.type.status","published"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","95"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Journal de Physique. IV, Proceedings"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","98"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","104"],["dc.contributor.author","Wiesemann, U."],["dc.contributor.author","Thieme, Juergen"],["dc.contributor.author","Guttmann, Peter"],["dc.contributor.author","Früke, R."],["dc.contributor.author","Rehbein, S."],["dc.contributor.author","Niemann, B."],["dc.contributor.author","Rudolph, D."],["dc.contributor.author","Schmahl, G."],["dc.date.accessioned","2018-11-07T10:40:29Z"],["dc.date.available","2018-11-07T10:40:29Z"],["dc.date.issued","2003"],["dc.description.abstract","A new scanning transmission X-ray microscope (STXM) has been built at the undulator U41 of the BESSY II storage ring. The STXM monochromator consists of a plane mirror and a plane grating with varied line density. First NEXAFS spectra of a polyimide foil at the carbon, nitrogen and oxygen K absorption edges are shown. The photon rate in the focal spot is about 10 MHz at the carbon and about 500 MHz at the oxygen K absorption edge. The first images are presented."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1051/jp4:200300037"],["dc.identifier.isi","000183273900024"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/46308"],["dc.notes.status","zu prüfen"],["dc.notes.submitter","Najko"],["dc.relation.conference","7th International Conference on X-Ray Microscopy"],["dc.relation.eventlocation","GRENOBLE, FRANCE"],["dc.relation.issn","1155-4339"],["dc.title","First results of the new scanning transmission X-ray microscope at BESSY-II"],["dc.type","conference_paper"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","yes"],["dc.type.status","published"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","123"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","2"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Journal of Structural Biology"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","132"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","132"],["dc.contributor.author","Vogt, S."],["dc.contributor.author","Schneider, G."],["dc.contributor.author","Steuernagel, A."],["dc.contributor.author","Lucchesi, J."],["dc.contributor.author","Schulze, E."],["dc.contributor.author","Rudolph, D."],["dc.contributor.author","Schmahl, G."],["dc.date.accessioned","2018-11-07T08:33:41Z"],["dc.date.available","2018-11-07T08:33:41Z"],["dc.date.issued","2000"],["dc.description.abstract","X-ray microscopy is applied to detect specific proteins in whole cell nuclei of Drosophila melanogaster using immunogold labeling and silver enhancement. As a model for a small subnuclear structure the Drosophila dosage compensation protein MSL-1 was chosen. It associates with a number of other proteins to form a hetero-multiprotein complex, which elevates the transcriptional activity of the single X chromosome in males. This phenomenon is known as dosage compensation and is essential for the survival of male flies. The distribution of the Drosophila dosage compensation complex was studied by X-ray microscopy, because though the complex is expected to function by remodeling the structure of chromatin, its exact mode of action is not yet known. Many similar protein complexes are associated with different aspects of chromatin-mediated gene regulation in all eucaryotic organisms and can also be studied with the approach presented in this work. The distribution of MSL-1 protein in the nuclei of fixed D, melanogaster culture cells is visualized using the Gottingen X-ray microscope at the electron storage ring BESSY I. In addition to conventional and confocal laserscan fluorescence microscopy, X-ray microscopic investigations were performed at room as well as at cryogenic temperatures. The label can clearly be identified in the X-ray micrographs and shows detailed structure in the cell nuclei. Currently, X-ray micrographs show details in the cell nuclei about five times smaller than those in visible light micrographs. (C) 2000 Academic Press."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1006/jsbi.2000.4277"],["dc.identifier.isi","167116800005"],["dc.identifier.pmid","11162734"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/17638"],["dc.notes.status","zu prüfen"],["dc.notes.submitter","Najko"],["dc.relation.issn","1047-8477"],["dc.title","X-ray microscopic studies of the Drosophila dosage compensation complex"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","yes"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","849"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","852"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","467"],["dc.contributor.author","Guttmann, Peter"],["dc.contributor.author","Niemann, B."],["dc.contributor.author","Thieme, Juergen"],["dc.contributor.author","Hambach, D."],["dc.contributor.author","Schneider, G."],["dc.contributor.author","Wiesemann, U."],["dc.contributor.author","Rudolph, D."],["dc.contributor.author","Schmahl, Günther A."],["dc.date.accessioned","2018-11-07T08:51:43Z"],["dc.date.available","2018-11-07T08:51:43Z"],["dc.date.issued","2001"],["dc.description.abstract","A new X-ray microscopic area is going to be established at the undulator U41 at BESSY II. This undulator provides an X-ray source of high brilliance in the energy range from 163 to 595 eV in the first harmonic. The microscopic area will comprise a transmission X-ray microscope, a scanning transmission X-ray microscope, and an X-ray test chamber. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1016/S0168-9002(01)00490-9"],["dc.identifier.isi","000171012800004"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/22006"],["dc.notes.status","zu prüfen"],["dc.notes.submitter","Najko"],["dc.publisher","Elsevier Science Bv"],["dc.publisher.place","Amsterdam"],["dc.relation.conference","7th International Conference on Synchrotron Radiation Instrumentation (SRI 2000)"],["dc.relation.eventlocation","TECH UNIV BERLIN, BERLIN, GERMANY"],["dc.relation.issn","0168-9002"],["dc.title","Instrumentation advances with the new X-ray microscopes at BESSY II"],["dc.type","conference_paper"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","yes"],["dc.type.status","published"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","861"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","863"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","467"],["dc.contributor.author","Wiesemann, U."],["dc.contributor.author","Thieme, Jürgen"],["dc.contributor.author","Fruke, R."],["dc.contributor.author","Guttmann, Peter"],["dc.contributor.author","Niemann, B."],["dc.contributor.author","Rudolph, Dietbert H."],["dc.contributor.author","Schmahl, Günther A."],["dc.date.accessioned","2018-11-07T08:51:49Z"],["dc.date.available","2018-11-07T08:51:49Z"],["dc.date.issued","2001"],["dc.description.abstract","A new scanning transmission X-ray microscope for the soft X-ray region is under construction at the BESSY II storage ring. The radiation from the undulator U-41 is monochromatized with a monochromator consisting of a plane mirror and a plane grating with varied line density. For a high resolution image, the zone plate is scanned with a piezoelectric flexure stage. The X-ray flux in the focal spot will be of the order of 10(9) photons/s. The sample is located in air. A pn-CCD detector is used to measure the transmitted intensity. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1016/S0168-9002(01)00496-X"],["dc.identifier.isi","000171012800007"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/22027"],["dc.notes.status","zu prüfen"],["dc.notes.submitter","Najko"],["dc.publisher","Elsevier Science Bv"],["dc.publisher.place","Amsterdam"],["dc.relation.conference","7th International Conference on Synchrotron Radiation Instrumentation (SRI 2000)"],["dc.relation.eventlocation","TECH UNIV BERLIN, BERLIN, GERMANY"],["dc.relation.issn","0168-9002"],["dc.title","Construction of a scanning transmission X-ray microscope at the undulator U-41 at BESSY II"],["dc.type","conference_paper"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","yes"],["dc.type.status","published"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","85"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Journal de Physique. IV, Proceedings"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","90"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","104"],["dc.contributor.author","Guttmann, Peter"],["dc.contributor.author","Niemann, B."],["dc.contributor.author","Rehbein, S."],["dc.contributor.author","Knochel, C."],["dc.contributor.author","Rudolph, D."],["dc.contributor.author","Schmahl, G."],["dc.date.accessioned","2018-11-07T10:40:28Z"],["dc.date.available","2018-11-07T10:40:28Z"],["dc.date.issued","2003"],["dc.description.abstract","The new transmission X-ray microscope (TXM) at BESSY II is the first one using soft X-rays in the water window region at an undulator beamline. For this, the condenser monochromator has been adapted to the highly collimated X-ray beam of the undulator U41. This is done by using a rotating condenser (RK) which can match the numerical aperture of any micro objective zone plate [1]. The actual setup of the TXM is given in this report. Several beam diagnostic instruments have been incorporated into the beamline and the microscope to adjust the optical elements and to study the behaviour of the complete system. The results ofthe characterization done so far will be presented as well as first images of applications will be shown."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1051/jp4:200300035"],["dc.identifier.isi","000183273900022"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/46306"],["dc.notes.status","zu prüfen"],["dc.notes.submitter","Najko"],["dc.relation.conference","7th International Conference on X-Ray Microscopy"],["dc.relation.eventlocation","GRENOBLE, FRANCE"],["dc.relation.issn","1155-4339"],["dc.title","The transmission X-ray microscope at BESSY II"],["dc.type","conference_paper"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","yes"],["dc.type.status","published"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","203"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Journal de Physique. IV, Proceedings"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","205"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","104"],["dc.contributor.author","Rudolph, S."],["dc.contributor.author","Heim, S."],["dc.contributor.author","Rudolph, D."],["dc.contributor.author","Schmahl, G."],["dc.date.accessioned","2018-11-07T10:40:30Z"],["dc.date.available","2018-11-07T10:40:30Z"],["dc.date.issued","2003"],["dc.description.abstract","A new control unit for electron beam lithography has been designed and built with a maximum resolution of 2(17) pixel in x and y each. With this unit two modes are available, a scanning and a true polarcoordinate mode for structures which can be described as parametrized functions. The hardware design can be described as two matrices with the dimension 2(17) x n(i,x) and 2(17) x n(i,y). n(i,x) and n(i,y) comprise the necessary parameters for exposure which are not necessarily equal for x and y direction. Parameters are among others the beam status (beam on or off), the dwell time, defocus, etc. These matrices are realized by EPROMs, configurated via an external computer. In working condition they are read out by two digital 17 bit counters which are operated independently in scanning mode or synchronously in polarcoordinate mode for parametrized structures."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1051/jp4:200300061"],["dc.identifier.isi","000183273900048"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/46311"],["dc.notes.status","zu prüfen"],["dc.notes.submitter","Najko"],["dc.relation.conference","7th International Conference on X-Ray Microscopy"],["dc.relation.eventlocation","GRENOBLE, FRANCE"],["dc.relation.issn","1155-4339"],["dc.title","Fast control unit for electron beam lithography systems especially for X-ray and EUV optics"],["dc.type","conference_paper"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","yes"],["dc.type.status","published"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","1308"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","1311"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","467"],["dc.contributor.author","Weiss, D."],["dc.contributor.author","Schneider, G."],["dc.contributor.author","Vogt, S."],["dc.contributor.author","Guttmann, Peter"],["dc.contributor.author","Niemann, B."],["dc.contributor.author","Rudolph, D."],["dc.contributor.author","Schmahl, G."],["dc.date.accessioned","2018-11-07T08:52:03Z"],["dc.date.available","2018-11-07T08:52:03Z"],["dc.date.issued","2001"],["dc.description.abstract","Using the photoelectric absorption contrast between water and protein at 2.4 nm wavelength, cryo X-ray microscopy has visualized protein structures down to 30 mn size in unstained, unsectioned biological specimens. Due to the large depth of focus of the Fresnel zone plate objectives, computed tomography based on a tilt series of X-ray microscopic images can be used to reconstruct the three-dimensional specimen structure. This method has been applied to the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, and to cell nuclei of male Drosophila melanogaster fruit fly cells. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1016/S0168-9002(01)00648-9"],["dc.identifier.isi","000171012800114"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/22075"],["dc.notes.status","zu prüfen"],["dc.notes.submitter","Najko"],["dc.publisher","Elsevier Science Bv"],["dc.publisher.place","Amsterdam"],["dc.relation.conference","7th International Conference on Synchrotron Radiation Instrumentation (SRI 2000)"],["dc.relation.eventlocation","TECH UNIV BERLIN, BERLIN, GERMANY"],["dc.relation.issn","0168-9002"],["dc.title","Tomographic imaging of biological specimens with the cryo transmission X-ray microscope"],["dc.type","conference_paper"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","yes"],["dc.type.status","published"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","185"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","3-4"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Ultramicroscopy"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","197"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","84"],["dc.contributor.author","Weiss, D."],["dc.contributor.author","Schneider, G."],["dc.contributor.author","Niemann, B."],["dc.contributor.author","Guttmann, Peter"],["dc.contributor.author","Rudolph, D."],["dc.contributor.author","Schmahl, G."],["dc.date.accessioned","2018-11-07T10:39:00Z"],["dc.date.available","2018-11-07T10:39:00Z"],["dc.date.issued","2000"],["dc.description.abstract","Soft X-ray microscopy employs the photoelectric absorption contrast between water and protein in the 2.34-4.38 nm wavelength region to visualize protein structures down to 30 nm size without any staining methods. Due to the large depth of focus of the Fresnel zone plates used as X-ray objectives, computed tomography based on the X-ray microscopic images can be used to reconstruct the local linear absorption coefficient inside the three-dimensional specimen volume. High-resolution X-ray images require a high specimen radiation dose, and a series of images taken at different viewing angles is needed for computed tomography. Therefore, cryo microscopy is necessary to preserve the structural integrity of hydrated biological specimens during image acquisition. The cryo transmission X-ray microscope at the electron storage ring BESSY I (Berlin) was used to obtain a tilt series of images of the frozen-hydrated green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. The living specimens were inserted into borosilicate glass capillaries and, in this first experiment. rapidly cooled by plunging into liquid nitrogen. The capillary specimen holders allow image acquisition over the full angular range of 180 degrees. The reconstruction shows for the first time details down to 60 nm size inside a frozen-hydrated biological specimen and conveys a clear impression of the internal structures. This technique is expected to be applicable to a wide range of biological specimens, such as the cell nucleus. It offers the possibility of imaging the three-dimensional structure of hydrated biological specimens close to their natural living state. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1016/S0304-3991(00)00034-6"],["dc.identifier.isi","000088612300007"],["dc.identifier.pmid","10945329"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/45941"],["dc.notes.status","zu prüfen"],["dc.notes.submitter","Najko"],["dc.publisher","Elsevier Science Bv"],["dc.relation.issn","0304-3991"],["dc.title","Computed tomography of cryogenic biological specimens based on X-ray microscopic images"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","yes"],["dc.type.status","published"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","1312"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","1314"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","467"],["dc.contributor.author","Vogt, S."],["dc.contributor.author","Jager, Martin"],["dc.contributor.author","Schneider, G."],["dc.contributor.author","Schulze, E."],["dc.contributor.author","Saumweber, H."],["dc.contributor.author","Rudolph, D."],["dc.contributor.author","Schmahl, G."],["dc.date.accessioned","2018-11-07T08:52:05Z"],["dc.date.available","2018-11-07T08:52:05Z"],["dc.date.issued","2001"],["dc.description.abstract","Specific nuclear proteins in immunogold labeled Drosophila melanogaster cells were visualized by applying soft X-ray microscopy. In addition, first experiments were performed to localize two different labeled nuclear proteins in the same X-ray micrograph by using immunofluorescence microscopy for distinguishing the proteins. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1016/S0168-9002(01)00650-7"],["dc.identifier.isi","000171012800115"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/22085"],["dc.notes.status","zu prüfen"],["dc.notes.submitter","Najko"],["dc.publisher","Elsevier Science Bv"],["dc.publisher.place","Amsterdam"],["dc.relation.conference","7th International Conference on Synchrotron Radiation Instrumentation (SRI 2000)"],["dc.relation.eventlocation","TECH UNIV BERLIN, BERLIN, GERMANY"],["dc.relation.issn","0168-9002"],["dc.title","Visualizing specific nuclear proteins in eukaryotic cells using soft X-ray microscopy"],["dc.type","conference_paper"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","yes"],["dc.type.status","published"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]