Klasen, Stephan

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","1184"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","7"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","The Journal of Development Studies"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","1202"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","45"],["dc.contributor.author","Nowak-Lehmann, Felicitas D."],["dc.contributor.author","Martínez-Zarzoso, Inmaculada"],["dc.contributor.author","Klasen, Stephan"],["dc.contributor.author","Herzer, Dierk"],["dc.date.accessioned","2018-06-05T11:57:50Z"],["dc.date.available","2018-06-05T11:57:50Z"],["dc.date.issued","2009"],["dc.description.abstract","One reason donors provide foreign aid is to support their exports to aid-recipient countries. Time series data for Germany suggests an average return of between US.04–.50 for each US dollar of aid spent by Germany. Although this is well below previous estimates, the value is robust to different specifications and econometric approaches. Interestingly, we find strong evidence of crowding out between bilateral donors in the sense that bilateral aid from other EU members significantly reduces exports from Germany to the recipients. The evidence suggests that, in the long run, aid causes exports and not vice versa. We discuss the implications these findings might have for aid volumes and allocation."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1080/00220380902952407"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/14889"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.status","final"],["dc.title","Aid and Trade – A Donor's Perspective"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","unknown"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","793"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","5"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Economic Modelling"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","810"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","25"],["dc.contributor.author","Herzer, Dierk"],["dc.contributor.author","Klasen, Stephan"],["dc.contributor.author","Nowak-Lehmann, Felicitas D."],["dc.date.accessioned","2018-06-06T12:52:36Z"],["dc.date.available","2018-06-06T12:52:36Z"],["dc.date.issued","2008"],["dc.description.abstract","This paper challenges the widespread belief that FDI generally has a positive impact on economic growth in developing countries. It addresses the limitations of the existing literature and re-examines the FDI-led growth hypothesis for 28 developing countries using cointegration techniques on a country-by-country basis. The paper finds that in the vast majority of countries, there exists neither a long-term nor a short-term effect of FDI on growth; in fact, there is not a single country where a positive unidirectional long-term effect from FDI to GDP is found. Furthermore, our results indicate that there is no clear association between the growth impact of FDI and the level of per capita income, the level of education, the degree of openness and the level of financial market development in developing countries."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1016/j.econmod.2007.11.005"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/14920"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.status","final"],["dc.title","In search of FDI-led growth in developing countries: The way forward"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","unknown"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.contributor.author","Martínez-Zarzoso, Inmaculada"],["dc.contributor.author","Nowak-Lehmann, Felicitas D."],["dc.contributor.author","Herzer, Dierk"],["dc.contributor.author","Cardozo, Adriana"],["dc.contributor.author","Klasen, Stephan"],["dc.date.accessioned","2018-05-31T16:42:39Z"],["dc.date.available","2018-05-31T16:42:39Z"],["dc.date.issued","2011"],["dc.description.abstract","This paper uses the gravity model of trade to investigate the link between foreign aid and exports in recipient countries. Most of the theoretical work emphasizes the negative impact of aid on recipient countries' exports primarily due to exchange rate appreciation, disregarding possible positive effects of aid in overcoming supply bottlenecks and promoting bilateral trade relations. Our empirical findings -all based on endogeneity-proof techniques (such as Dynamic OLS or more refined techniques) - depend very strongly on whether bilateral trade relations and autocorrelation of the disturbances are controlled for. When not controlling for these phenomena, the impact of aid is quite substantial (especially in Asia, Latin America & Caribbean) but when sound estimation techniques are applied the net impact of aid on recipient countries' exports becomes insignificant in the full 130-country sample and the subsamples: Sub-Saharan Africa & MENA, Asia and Latin America & the Caribbean. However, this rather disappointing finding is in line with the small macroeconomic impact of aid found in earlier studies."],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/14829"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.status","final"],["dc.relation.conference","German Development Economics Conference"],["dc.relation.eventend","2011"],["dc.relation.eventlocation","Berlin"],["dc.relation.eventstart","2011"],["dc.relation.ispartof","Proceedings of the German Development Economics Conference"],["dc.title","Does Aid translate into Bilateral Trade? Findings for Recipient Countries"],["dc.type","conference_paper"],["dc.type.internalPublication","unknown"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.volumenumber","B19-V1"],["dc.contributor.author","Nowak-Lehmann, Felicitas D."],["dc.contributor.author","Martínez-Zarzoso, Inmaculada"],["dc.contributor.author","Herzer, Dierk"],["dc.contributor.author","Klasen, Stephan"],["dc.contributor.author","Dreher, Axel"],["dc.date.accessioned","2018-06-05T11:38:41Z"],["dc.date.available","2018-06-05T11:38:41Z"],["dc.date.issued","2010"],["dc.description.abstract","In this paper we investigate the effectiveness of development aid in recipient countries. Specifically, we analyze the relationship between per-capita income and foreign aid for a maximum of 131 recipient countries over the 1960 to 2006 period. We employ annual data and 5-year averages and, contrary to the previous literature, carefully examine the time-series properties of the data. The previous literature overlooks the non-existence of a long-run relationship between aid and growth and the presence of autocorrelated error terms. To address those problems, we apply panel time-series techniques (panel unit-root tests, panel cointegration tests, and panel dynamic feasible generalized least-squares estimation [DFGLS]). Estimations with DFGLS show that aid has an insignificant or minute negative significant impact on per-capita income. This holds for countries with both above- and below-average aid-to-GDP ratios, for different levels of human development, different income levels and different regions of the world. We also find that aid has a significantly positive (although small) impact on investment, but a significant negative impact on domestic savings (crowding out) and the real exchange rate (appreciation)."],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/14886"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.status","final"],["dc.relation.conference","Jahrestagung des Vereins für Socialpolitik"],["dc.relation.eventend","2010"],["dc.relation.eventlocation","Kiel"],["dc.relation.eventstart","2010"],["dc.relation.ispartof","Beiträge zur Jahrestagung des Vereins für Socialpolitik 2010: Ökonomie der Familie - Session: Effectiveness of Foreign Aid"],["dc.title","Foreign Aid and Its Effect on Per-Capita Income (Growth) in Recipient Countries: Pitfalls and Findings from a Time Series Perspective"],["dc.type","conference_paper"],["dc.type.internalPublication","unknown"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","505"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","3"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Review of World Economics"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","535"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","149"],["dc.contributor.author","Nowak-Lehmann, Felicitas"],["dc.contributor.author","Martínez-Zarzoso, Inmaculada"],["dc.contributor.author","Herzer, Dierk"],["dc.contributor.author","Klasen, Stephan"],["dc.contributor.author","Cardozo, Adriana"],["dc.date.accessioned","2018-05-25T17:34:41Z"],["dc.date.available","2018-05-25T17:34:41Z"],["dc.date.issued","2013"],["dc.description.abstract","This paper uses the gravity model of trade to investigate the effect of foreign aid on exports of aid recipients to donor countries. Most of the theoretical work emphasises the possible negative impact of aid on recipient countries’ exports, primarily due to exchange rate appreciation, disregarding possible positive effects of aid in overcoming supply bottlenecks and promoting bilateral trade relations. Using non-stationary panel (cointegration) estimators to control for omitted variable and endogeneity bias, we find that the net effect of aid on recipient countries’ exports is insignificant, both for our sample (of 123 countries) as a whole and for important regional sub-samples. This finding is in line with the small or insignificant macroeconomic impact of aid found in earlier studies and also suggests that exporters in recipient countries are not benefiting from improved trade relations with donors."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1007/s10290-013-0155-4"],["dc.identifier.uri","http://hdl.handle.net/2/14761"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.status","final"],["dc.title","Does foreign aid promote recipient exports to donor countries?"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","unknown"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.contributor.author","Martínez-Zarzoso, Inmaculada"],["dc.contributor.author","Nowak-Lehmann, Felicitas D."],["dc.contributor.author","Klasen, Stephan"],["dc.contributor.author","Herzer, Dierk"],["dc.contributor.author","Dreher, Axel"],["dc.date.accessioned","2018-06-05T14:30:01Z"],["dc.date.available","2018-06-05T14:30:01Z"],["dc.date.issued","2009"],["dc.description.abstract","In this paper we investigate the relationship between per capita income and foreign aid for a panel of131 (alternatively 52) recipient countries over the period 1960 to 2006 by employing annual data and 5-year averages. Reliance on standard panel estimation techniques (such as 2-ways FE estimation, panel GMM and SUR estimation) points to some pitfalls (impossibility of possible cointegration between aid and growth, autocorrelation of the error terms, endogeneity of the variables) that must be dealt with panel time series techniques (such as panel unit root test, panel cointegration tests, a panel Granger causality test and panel dynamic feasible generalized least squares estimation (DFGLS). Estimations with DFGLS show that aid has an insignificant or a minute negative significant impact on per capita income. This result holds for countries with above- and below-average aid-to-GDP ratios, for countries with different levels of human development, with different income levels and from different regions of the world. It can be shown that by not controlling for autocorrelation, one erroneously attributes to aid a larger, significant negative impact on per capita income. We also find that aid has a significant positive (even though) small impact on investment, but a negative and significant impact on domestic savings (crowding out) and the real exchange rate (appreciation)."],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/14902"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.status","final"],["dc.relation.conference","German Development Economics Conference"],["dc.relation.eventend","2009"],["dc.relation.eventlocation","Frankfurt"],["dc.relation.eventstart","2009"],["dc.relation.ispartof","Proceedings of the German Development Economics Conference"],["dc.title","The search for a long-run aid and growth relationship: Pitfalls and findings"],["dc.type","conference_paper"],["dc.type.internalPublication","unknown"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","288"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","1"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'économique"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","313"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","45"],["dc.contributor.author","Nowak-Lehmann, Felicitas"],["dc.contributor.author","Dreher, Axel"],["dc.contributor.author","Herzer, Dierk"],["dc.contributor.author","Klasen, Stephan"],["dc.contributor.author","Martínez-Zarzoso, Inmaculada"],["dc.date.accessioned","2018-05-27T17:18:15Z"],["dc.date.available","2018-05-27T17:18:15Z"],["dc.date.issued","2012"],["dc.description.abstract","We analyze the relationship between per capita income and foreign aid. We employ annual data and five‐year averages and carefully examine the time‐series properties of the data. Panel estimations with dynamic feasible generalized least‐squares (DFGLS) show that aid generally has an insignificant or minute negative significant impact on per capita income (particularly in highly aid‐dependent countries). This holds true for countries with different levels of human development and income, as well as for different regions. We also find that aid has a small positive impact on investment, but a significant negative impact on domestic savings (crowding out) and the real exchange rate (appreciation)."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1111/j.1540-5982.2011.01696.x"],["dc.identifier.uri","http://hdl.handle.net/2/14777"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.status","final"],["dc.title","Does foreign aid really raise per capita income? A time series perspective"],["dc.title.alternative","Est‐ce que l’aide étrangère augmente vraiment le revenu per capita? Une approche par les séries chronologiques."],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","unknown"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","389"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","World Development"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","396"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","70"],["dc.contributor.author","Herzer, Dierk"],["dc.contributor.author","Nowak-Lehmann, Felicitas"],["dc.contributor.author","Dreher, Axel"],["dc.contributor.author","Klasen, Stephan"],["dc.contributor.author","Martinez-Zarzoso, Inmaculada"],["dc.date.accessioned","2018-05-21T19:52:57Z"],["dc.date.available","2018-05-21T19:52:57Z"],["dc.date.issued","2015"],["dc.description.abstract","In Nowak-Lehmann et al. (2012), we used time-series methods to investigate the impact of aid on per capita GDP. Lof, Mekasha, and Tarp (LMT, 2014) criticize our econometric approach, our interpretation, and our data-handling procedure which lead to a large share of missing observations in some specifications. Using a different time-series approach, a different aid variable, and a different sample, they claim to find a positive effect of aid on income, which contrasts with our own results. In this comment, we first explain why we disagree with LMT’s critique of our econometric method and show that our results do not depend on our way of dealing with missing data. Second, we show that the methods used by LMT are unsuitable and rely on similarly problematic data-handling procedures. Supplementing their approach with appropriate cointegration and causality tests shows that there is no robust effect of aid on income."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1016/j.worlddev.2014.06.012"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/14701"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.status","final"],["dc.title","Comment on Lof, Mekasha, and Tarp (2014)"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","unknown"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]