Saul, Dominik

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.artnumber","1000191"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","01"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Journal of Osteoporosis and Physical Activity"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","05"],["dc.contributor.author","Saul, D."],["dc.contributor.author","Schilling, A. F."],["dc.contributor.author","Kosinsky, R. L."],["dc.date.accessioned","2019-07-09T11:43:26Z"],["dc.date.available","2019-07-09T11:43:26Z"],["dc.date.issued","2017"],["dc.description.abstract","In an aging population, the decline in muscle mass and strength in combination with a high prevalence of osteoporosis and cancer leads to a multitude of clinical manifestations. In the recent years, mouse models of wasting in cancer and inflammation, including xenograft, genetic and chemically induced models, allowed to uncover several key mechanisms underlying muscle loss. These include inflammation, hormone alterations and deregulated protein degradation. Inflammation is associated with increased expression of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), nuclear factor κB (NF-κB), and interleukin (IL)-6 and is therefore linked to inflammatory bowel diseases or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Moreover, active NF-κB signaling and IL-6 secretion commonly occurs in malignancies and cancer-induced cachexia. The ubiquitin proteasome-mediated degradation of proteins represents a second pathway underlying sarcopenia and is partially initiated by inflammatory signaling. Consequently, increased levels of the E3 ligases Muscle RING-Finger Protein-1 (MuRF1), Atrogin-1/Muscle Atrophy F-box (MAFbx), and tumor necrosis factor α receptor adaptor protein 6 (TRAF6) are associated with high rates of protein degradation. Furthermore, hormonal alterations, such as the aging-related decline of growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), lead to a reduction of muscle mass. Interestingly, experimental targeting of several of those sarcopenia-associated factors in vivo resulted in a rescue of muscle mass and function. While therapeutic options nowadays still need to be evaluated regarding their clinical practicability, IL-6 antibodies, inhibition of cyclooxygenases and inhibitors of myostatin appear promising."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.4172/2329-9509.1000191"],["dc.identifier.purl","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gs-1/14528"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/58888"],["dc.notes.intern","Merged from goescholar"],["dc.relation.issn","2329-9509"],["dc.rights","Goescholar"],["dc.rights.uri","https://goescholar.uni-goettingen.de/licenses"],["dc.subject.ddc","610"],["dc.title","Why Age Matters: Inflammation, Cancer and Hormones in the Development of Sarcopenia"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.version","published_version"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","91"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","3"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","100"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","17"],["dc.contributor.author","Saul, Dominik"],["dc.contributor.author","Steinmetz, Gino"],["dc.contributor.author","Lehmann, Wolfgang"],["dc.contributor.author","Schilling, Arndt F."],["dc.date.accessioned","2019-07-09T11:51:44Z"],["dc.date.accessioned","2020-06-09T06:55:49Z"],["dc.date.available","2019-07-09T11:51:44Z"],["dc.date.available","2020-06-09T06:55:49Z"],["dc.date.issued","2019"],["dc.description.abstract","Background The number of athletes engaged in climbing sports has risen. Specific physical and psychological skills are required. The objective of this review was to determine factors for high climbing performance. We evaluated physiological, biomechanical and psychological characteristics that simplify the ascent. We also assessed training and recovery strategies. Methods Medline (Pubmed), Cochrane Library and Google scholar up to September 2018. Results A low skinfold thickness, body fat and large forearm volume were anthropometric traits in successful climbers. Well-trained forearm flexors with high aerobic capacities lead to an efficient style. Hand grip strength and endurance, postural stability and optimized kinematic motions were favourable. Elite climbers had long finger and bent-arm hang times. Psychologically, an “iceberg profile” was typical. Constant training with fingerboard and dynamic eccentric-concentric training helped to push the “red-point grade”. Conclusion Hand, forearm strength and endurance are highly important elements in elite climbers. An efficient climbing style with perpetual focus and accuracy, high speed and low exhaustion due to adaption to repeated isometric exercise is helpful in the ascent, while low body fat and a large bone-to-tip pulp make it easier. Constant training is essential, e.g. eccentric-concentric training of finger flexors, which should be followed by active recovery."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1016/j.jesf.2019.04.002"],["dc.identifier.purl","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gs-1/16178"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/66209"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/59997"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.intern","Merged from goescholar"],["dc.relation.issn","1728-869X"],["dc.rights","CC BY-NC 4.0"],["dc.rights.uri","https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0"],["dc.subject.ddc","610"],["dc.title","Determinants for success in climbing: A systematic review"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.subtype","original_ja"],["dc.type.version","published_version"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]