Schild, Detlev

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","1093"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","6"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","The European journal of neuroscience"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","100"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","13"],["dc.contributor.author","Czesnik, D."],["dc.contributor.author","Nezlin, L."],["dc.contributor.author","Rabba, J."],["dc.contributor.author","Müller, B."],["dc.contributor.author","Schild, D."],["dc.date.accessioned","2019-07-10T08:14:11Z"],["dc.date.available","2019-07-10T08:14:11Z"],["dc.date.issued","2001-03-01"],["dc.description.abstract","Norepinephrine (NE) has various modulatory roles in both the peripheral and the central nervous systems. Here we investigate the function of the locus coeruleus efferent fibres in the olfactory bulb of Xenopus laevis tadpoles. In order to distinguish unambiguously between mitral cells and granule cells of the main olfactory bulb and the accessory olfactory bulb, we used a slice preparation. The two neuron types were distinguished on the basis of their location in the slice, their typical branching pattern and by electrophysiological criteria. At NE concentrations lower than 5 microM there was only one effect of NE upon voltage-gated conductances; NE blocked a high-voltage-activated Ca(2+)-current in mitral cells of both the main and the accessory olfactory bulbs. No such effect was observed in granule cells. The effect of NE upon mitral cell Ca(2+)-currents was mimicked by the alpha(2)-receptor agonists clonidine and alpha-methyl-NE. As a second effect, NE or clonidine blocked spontaneous synaptic activity in granule cells of both the main and the accessory olfactory bulbs. NE or clonidine also blocked the spontaneous synaptic activity in mitral cells of either olfactory bulb. The amplitude of glutamate-induced currents in granule cells was modulated neither by clonidine nor by alpha-methyl-NE. Taken together, the main effect of the noradrenergic, presynaptic, alpha(2)-receptor-mediated block of Ca(2)+-currents in mitral cells appeared to be a wide-spread disinhibition of mitral cells in the accessory olfactory bulb as well as in the main olfactory bulb."],["dc.identifier.fs","2568"],["dc.identifier.pmid","11285006"],["dc.identifier.purl","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gs-1/9909"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/61458"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.intern","Merged from goescholar"],["dc.relation.issn","0953-816X"],["dc.relation.orgunit","Universitätsmedizin Göttingen"],["dc.rights","Goescholar"],["dc.rights.uri","https://goescholar.uni-goettingen.de/licenses"],["dc.subject.mesh","Animals"],["dc.subject.mesh","Calcium Channel Blockers"],["dc.subject.mesh","Calcium Channels"],["dc.subject.mesh","Clonidine"],["dc.subject.mesh","Electric Conductivity"],["dc.subject.mesh","Larva"],["dc.subject.mesh","Neurons"],["dc.subject.mesh","Norepinephrine"],["dc.subject.mesh","Olfactory Bulb"],["dc.subject.mesh","Synapses"],["dc.subject.mesh","Synaptic Transmission"],["dc.subject.mesh","Xenopus laevis"],["dc.title","Noradrenergic modulation of calcium currents and synaptic transmission in the olfactory bulb of Xenopus laevis tadpoles."],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.version","published_version"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","399"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","4"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Chemical senses"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","407"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","26"],["dc.contributor.author","Scheidweiler, U."],["dc.contributor.author","Nezlin, L."],["dc.contributor.author","Rabba, J."],["dc.contributor.author","Müller, B."],["dc.contributor.author","Schild, D."],["dc.date.accessioned","2019-07-10T08:14:10Z"],["dc.date.available","2019-07-10T08:14:10Z"],["dc.date.issued","2001-05-01"],["dc.description.abstract","We report on the development of a slice culture of amphibian brain tissue. In particular, we cultured slices from Xenopus laevis tadpoles that contain the olfactory mucosae, the olfactory nerves, the olfactory bulb and the telencephalon. During 6 days in roller tubes the slices flattened, starting from 250 microm and decreasing to approximately 40 microm, corresponding to about three cell layers. Dendritic processes could be followed over distances as long as 200 microm. Neurons in the cultured slice could be recorded using the patch clamp technique and simultaneously imaged using an inverted laser scanning microscope. We characterized the main neuron types of the olfactory bulb, i.e. mitral cells and granule cells, by correlating their typical morphological features in the acute slice with the electrophysiological properties in both the acute slice and slice culture. This correlation allowed unambiguous identification of mitral cells and granule cells in the slice culture."],["dc.identifier.fs","2567"],["dc.identifier.pmid","11369674"],["dc.identifier.purl","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gs-1/9907"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/61456"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.intern","Merged from goescholar"],["dc.relation.issn","0379-864X"],["dc.relation.orgunit","Universitätsmedizin Göttingen"],["dc.rights","Goescholar"],["dc.rights.uri","https://goescholar.uni-goettingen.de/licenses"],["dc.subject.mesh","Animals"],["dc.subject.mesh","Culture Techniques"],["dc.subject.mesh","Electrophysiology"],["dc.subject.mesh","Larva"],["dc.subject.mesh","Microscopy, Confocal"],["dc.subject.mesh","Neurons"],["dc.subject.mesh","Neurons, Afferent"],["dc.subject.mesh","Olfactory Bulb"],["dc.subject.mesh","Patch-Clamp Techniques"],["dc.subject.mesh","Xenopus laevis"],["dc.title","Slice culture of the olfactory bulb of Xenopus laevis tadpoles."],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.version","published_version"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","510"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","1"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Biophysical Journal"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","522"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","83"],["dc.contributor.author","Gennerich, Arne"],["dc.contributor.author","Schild, Detlev"],["dc.date.accessioned","2014-02-18T08:13:49Z"],["dc.date.accessioned","2021-10-27T13:20:06Z"],["dc.date.available","2014-02-18T08:13:49Z"],["dc.date.available","2021-10-27T13:20:06Z"],["dc.date.issued","2002"],["dc.description.abstract","Fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) can be used to measure kinetic properties of single molecules in drops of solution or in cells. Here we report on FCS measurements of tetramethylrhodamine (TMR)-dextran (10 kDa) in dendrites of cultured mitral cells of Xenopus laevis tadpoles. To interpret such measurements correctly, the plasma membrane as a boundary of diffusion has to be taken into account. We show that the fluorescence data recorded from dendrites are best described by a model of anisotropic diffusion. As compared to diffusion in water, diffusion of the 10-kDa TMR-dextran along the dendrite is slowed down by a factor 1.1-2.1, whereas diffusion in lateral direction is 10-100 times slower. The dense intradendritic network of microtubules oriented parallel to the dendrite is discussed as a possible basis for the observed anisotropy. In somata, diffusion was found to be isotropic in three dimensions and 1.2-2.6 times slower than in water."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1016/S0006-3495(02)75187-4"],["dc.identifier.fs","12684"],["dc.identifier.isi","000176445800044"],["dc.identifier.pmid","12080138"],["dc.identifier.purl","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gs-1/9903"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/91937"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.intern","Migrated from goescholar"],["dc.notes.status","zu prüfen"],["dc.notes.submitter","Najko"],["dc.publisher","Biophysical Society"],["dc.relation.issn","0006-3495"],["dc.relation.orgunit","Universitätsmedizin Göttingen"],["dc.rights","Goescholar"],["dc.rights.uri","https://goescholar.uni-goettingen.de/licenses"],["dc.subject.mesh","Animals"],["dc.subject.mesh","Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental"],["dc.subject.mesh","Diaphragm"],["dc.subject.mesh","Electrophysiology"],["dc.subject.mesh","Male"],["dc.subject.mesh","Muscle Contraction"],["dc.subject.mesh","Muscle Relaxation"],["dc.subject.mesh","Rats"],["dc.title","Anisotropic diffusion in mitral cell dendrites revealed by fluorescence correlation spectroscopy"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","yes"],["dc.type.status","published"],["dc.type.version","published_version"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","803"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","9"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Chemical senses"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","10"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","27"],["dc.contributor.author","Rössler, Wolfgang"],["dc.contributor.author","Kuduz, Josko"],["dc.contributor.author","Schürmann, Friedrich W."],["dc.contributor.author","Schild, Detlev"],["dc.date.accessioned","2019-07-10T08:14:10Z"],["dc.date.available","2019-07-10T08:14:10Z"],["dc.date.issued","2002-11-01"],["dc.description.abstract","Using fluorophore-conjugated phalloidin, we show that filamentous (F)-actin is strongly aggregated in olfactory glomeruli within primary olfactory centers of vertebrates and insects. Our comparative study demonstrates that aggregation of F-actin is a common feature of glomeruli across phyla, and is independent of glomerular architecture and/or the presence or absence of cellular borders around glomeruli formed by neurons or glial cells. The distribution of F-actin in axonal and dendritic compartments within glomeruli, however, appears different between vertebrates and insects. The potential role of the actin-based cytoskeleton in synaptic and structural plasticity within glomeruli is discussed."],["dc.identifier.fs","12683"],["dc.identifier.pmid","12438205"],["dc.identifier.purl","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gs-1/9908"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/61457"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.intern","Merged from goescholar"],["dc.relation.issn","0379-864X"],["dc.relation.orgunit","Universitätsmedizin Göttingen"],["dc.rights","Goescholar"],["dc.rights.uri","https://goescholar.uni-goettingen.de/licenses"],["dc.subject.mesh","Actins"],["dc.subject.mesh","Ambystoma"],["dc.subject.mesh","Animals"],["dc.subject.mesh","Axons"],["dc.subject.mesh","Dendrites"],["dc.subject.mesh","Goldfish"],["dc.subject.mesh","Immunohistochemistry"],["dc.subject.mesh","Insects"],["dc.subject.mesh","Mice"],["dc.subject.mesh","Microscopy, Confocal"],["dc.subject.mesh","Olfactory Bulb"],["dc.subject.mesh","Olfactory Pathways"],["dc.subject.mesh","Olfactory Receptor Neurons"],["dc.subject.mesh","Phalloidine"],["dc.subject.mesh","Propidium"],["dc.subject.mesh","Rats"],["dc.subject.mesh","Sense Organs"],["dc.subject.mesh","Xenopus laevis"],["dc.title","Aggregation of f-actin in olfactory glomeruli: a common feature of glomeruli across phyla."],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.version","published_version"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","429"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","2"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Physiological reviews"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","66"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","78"],["dc.contributor.author","Schild, D."],["dc.contributor.author","Restrepo, D."],["dc.date.accessioned","2019-07-10T08:14:11Z"],["dc.date.available","2019-07-10T08:14:11Z"],["dc.date.issued","1998-04-01"],["dc.description.abstract","Considerable progress has been made in the understanding of transduction mechanisms in olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs) over the last decade. Odorants pass through a mucus interface before binding to odorant receptors (ORs). The molecular structure of many ORs is now known. They belong to the large class of G protein-coupled receptors with seven transmembrane domains. Binding of an odorant to an OR triggers the activation of second messenger cascades. One second messenger pathway in particular has been extensively studied; the receptor activates, via the G protein Golf, an adenylyl cyclase, resulting in an increase in adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP), which elicits opening of cation channels directly gated by cAMP. Under physiological conditions, Ca2+ has the highest permeability through this channel, and the increase in intracellular Ca2+ concentration activates a Cl- current which, owing to an elevated reversal potential for Cl-, depolarizes the olfactory neuron. The receptor potential finally leads to the generation of action potentials conveying the chemosensory information to the olfactory bulb. Although much less studied, other transduction pathways appear to exist, some of which seem to involve the odorant-induced formation of inositol polyphosphates as well as Ca2+ and/or inositol polyphosphate -activated cation channels. In addition, there is evidence for odorant-modulated K+ and Cl- conductances. Finally, in some species, ORNs can be inhibited by certain odorants. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the biophysical and electrophysiological evidence regarding the transduction processes as well as subsequent signal processing and spike generation in ORNs."],["dc.description.abstract","ORN; Ordorants"],["dc.identifier.fs","2147"],["dc.identifier.pmid","9562035"],["dc.identifier.purl","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gs-1/9910"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/61459"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.intern","Merged from goescholar"],["dc.relation.issn","0031-9333"],["dc.relation.orgunit","Universitätsmedizin Göttingen"],["dc.rights","Goescholar"],["dc.rights.uri","https://goescholar.uni-goettingen.de/licenses"],["dc.subject.mesh","Animals"],["dc.subject.mesh","Humans"],["dc.subject.mesh","Olfactory Mucosa"],["dc.subject.mesh","Olfactory Receptor Neurons"],["dc.subject.mesh","Signal Transduction"],["dc.title","Transduction mechanisms in vertebrate olfactory receptor cells."],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.version","published_version"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","159"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","2"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Journal of neuroscience methods"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","67"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","121"],["dc.contributor.author","Manzini, Ivan"],["dc.contributor.author","Peters, Florian"],["dc.contributor.author","Schild, Detlev"],["dc.date.accessioned","2019-07-10T08:14:10Z"],["dc.date.available","2019-07-10T08:14:10Z"],["dc.date.issued","2002-12-15"],["dc.description.abstract","We used a slice preparation of the olfactory epithelium of Xenopus laevis tadpoles to record odorant responses of olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs) and compared these to odorant responses recorded in isolated ORNs. The maximum recording time in the slice was considerably longer than in isolated ORNs, which is essential when many odorants are to be tested. No odorant-induced responses could be obtained from isolated ORNs recorded in the on-cell mode, while recordings in the slice (on-cell and whole-cell) as well as previously reported perforated-patch recordings in isolated ORNs of the same species () were successful, though qualitatively different. In the slice preparation, amino acids as well as an extract from Spirulina algae always induced excitatory responses, while, in a previous study on isolated ORNs, responses were either excitatory or inhibitory. The results of this study show that ORNs obtained using different preparation techniques can give markedly different responses upon the application of odorants. Our experiments indicate that the slice preparation combined with the on-cell configuration of the patch-clamp technique is the method of choice for testing many odorants on individual ORNs."],["dc.identifier.fs","12681"],["dc.identifier.pmid","12468006"],["dc.identifier.purl","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gs-1/9905"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/61455"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.intern","Merged from goescholar"],["dc.relation.issn","0165-0270"],["dc.relation.orgunit","Universitätsmedizin Göttingen"],["dc.rights","Goescholar"],["dc.rights.uri","https://goescholar.uni-goettingen.de/licenses"],["dc.subject.mesh","Action Potentials"],["dc.subject.mesh","Amino Acids, Acidic"],["dc.subject.mesh","Amino Acids, Aromatic"],["dc.subject.mesh","Animals"],["dc.subject.mesh","Arginine"],["dc.subject.mesh","Cell Separation"],["dc.subject.mesh","Histidine"],["dc.subject.mesh","Lysine"],["dc.subject.mesh","Membrane Potentials"],["dc.subject.mesh","Mucous Membrane"],["dc.subject.mesh","Odors"],["dc.subject.mesh","Olfactory Mucosa"],["dc.subject.mesh","Olfactory Receptor Neurons"],["dc.subject.mesh","Patch-Clamp Techniques"],["dc.subject.mesh","Reproducibility of Results"],["dc.subject.mesh","Stimulation, Chemical"],["dc.subject.mesh","Xenopus laevis"],["dc.title","Odorant responses of Xenopus laevis tadpole olfactory neurons: a comparison between preparations."],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.version","published_version"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]