Mund, Martina

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","2005"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","12"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Global Change Biology"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","2019"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","10"],["dc.contributor.author","Anthoni, P. M."],["dc.contributor.author","Knohl, A."],["dc.contributor.author","Rebmann, C."],["dc.contributor.author","Freibauer, A."],["dc.contributor.author","Mund, M."],["dc.contributor.author","Ziegler, W."],["dc.contributor.author","Kolle, O."],["dc.contributor.author","Schulze, E.-D."],["dc.date.accessioned","2017-09-07T11:49:58Z"],["dc.date.available","2017-09-07T11:49:58Z"],["dc.date.issued","2004"],["dc.description.abstract","Eddy covariance was used to measure the net CO2 exchange (NEE) over ecosystems differing in land use (forest and agriculture) in Thuringia, Germany. Measurements were carried out at a managed, even‐aged European beech stand (Fagus sylvatica, 70–150 years old), an unmanaged, uneven‐aged mixed beech stand in a late stage of development (F. sylvatica, Fraxinus excelsior, Acer pseudoplantanus, and other hardwood trees, 0–250 years old), a managed young Norway spruce stand (Picea abies, 50 years old), and an agricultural field growing winter wheat in 2001, and potato in 2002. Large contrasts were found in NEE rates between the land uses of the ecosystems. The managed and unmanaged beech sites had very similar net CO2 uptake rates (∼−480 to −500 g C m−2 yr−1). Main differences in seasonal NEE patterns between the beech sites were because of a later leaf emergence and higher maximum leaf area index at the unmanaged beech site, probably as a result of the species mix at the site. In contrast, the spruce stand had a higher CO2 uptake in spring but substantially lower net CO2 uptake in summer than the beech stands. This resulted in a near neutral annual NEE (−4 g C m−2 yr−1), mainly attributable to an ecosystem respiration rate almost twice as high as that of the beech stands, despite slightly lower temperatures, because of the higher elevation. Crops in the agricultural field had high CO2 uptake rates, but growing season length was short compared with the forest ecosystems. Therefore, the agricultural land had low‐to‐moderate annual net CO2 uptake (−34 to −193 g C m−2), but with annual harvest taken into account it will be a source of CO2 (+97 to +386 g C m−2). The annually changing patchwork of crops will have strong consequences on the regions' seasonal and annual carbon exchange. Thus, not only land use, but also land‐use history and site‐specific management decisions affect the large‐scale carbon balance."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1111/j.1365-2486.2004.00863.x"],["dc.identifier.gro","3147505"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/5035"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.status","final"],["dc.notes.submitter","chake"],["dc.relation.issn","1354-1013"],["dc.title","Forest and agricultural land-use-dependent CO2 exchange in Thuringia, Germany"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","unknown"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","no"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","571"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","5"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Trees"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","586"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","20"],["dc.contributor.author","Skomarkova, M. V."],["dc.contributor.author","Vaganov, E. A."],["dc.contributor.author","Mund, M."],["dc.contributor.author","Knohl, A."],["dc.contributor.author","Linke, P."],["dc.contributor.author","Boerner, A."],["dc.contributor.author","Schulze, E.-D."],["dc.date.accessioned","2017-09-07T11:49:07Z"],["dc.date.available","2017-09-07T11:49:07Z"],["dc.date.issued","2006"],["dc.description.abstract","We investigated the variability of tree-ring width, wood density and 13C/12C in beech tree rings (Fagus sylvatica L.), and analyzed the influence of climatic variables and carbohydrate storage on these parameters. Wood cores were taken from dominant beech trees in three stands in Germany and Italy. We used densitometry to obtain density profiles of tree rings and laser-ablation-combustion-GC-IRMS to estimate carbon isotope composition (δ 13C) of wood. The sensitivity of ring width, wood density and δ 13C to climatic variables differed; with tree-ring width responding to environmental conditions (temperature or precipitation) during the first half of a growing season and maximum density correlated with temperatures in the second part of a growing season (July–September). δ 13C variations indicate re-allocation and storage processes and effects of drought during the main growing season. About 20% of inter-annual variation of tree-ring width was explained by the tree-ring width of the previous year. This was confirmed by δ 13C of wood which showed a contribution of stored carbohydrates to growth in spring and a storage effect that competes with growth in autumn. Only mid-season δ 13C of wood was related to concurrent assimilation and climate. The comparison of seasonal changes in tree-ring maximum wood density and isotope composition revealed that an increasing seasonal water deficit changes the relationship between density and 13C composition from a negative relation in years with optimal moisture to a positive relationship in years with strong water deficit. The climate signal, however, is over-ridden by effects of stand density and crown structure (e.g., by forest management). There was an unexpected high variability in mid season δ 13C values of wood between individual trees (−31 to −24‰) which was attributed to competition between dominant trees as indicated by crown area, and microclimatological variations within the canopy. Maximum wood density showed less variation (930–990 g cm−3). The relationship between seasonal changes in tree-ring structure and 13C composition can be used to study carbon storage and re-allocation, which is important for improving models of tree-ring growth and carbon isotope fractionation. About 20–30% of the tree-ring is affected by storage processes. The effects of storage on tree-ring width and the effects of forest structure put an additional uncertainty on using tree rings of broad leaved trees for climate reconstruction."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1007/s00468-006-0072-4"],["dc.identifier.gro","3147113"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/4823"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.status","public"],["dc.notes.submitter","chake"],["dc.relation.issn","0931-1890"],["dc.title","Inter-annual and seasonal variability of radial growth, wood density and carbon isotope ratios in tree rings of beech (Fagus sylvatica) growing in Germany and Italy"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","unknown"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","no"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","703"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","6"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Global Change Biology"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","722"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","5"],["dc.contributor.author","Schulze, E.-D."],["dc.contributor.author","Lloyd, J."],["dc.contributor.author","Kelliher, F. M."],["dc.contributor.author","Wirth, C."],["dc.contributor.author","Rebmann, C."],["dc.contributor.author","Lühker, B."],["dc.contributor.author","Mund, M."],["dc.contributor.author","Knohl, A."],["dc.contributor.author","Milyukova, I. M."],["dc.contributor.author","Schulze, W."],["dc.contributor.author","Ziegler, W."],["dc.contributor.author","Varlagin, A. B."],["dc.contributor.author","Sogachev, A. F."],["dc.contributor.author","Valentini, R."],["dc.contributor.author","Dore, S."],["dc.contributor.author","Grigoriev, S."],["dc.contributor.author","Kolle, O."],["dc.contributor.author","Panfyorov, M. I."],["dc.contributor.author","Tchebakova, N."],["dc.contributor.author","Vygodskaya, N. N."],["dc.date.accessioned","2017-09-07T11:50:06Z"],["dc.date.available","2017-09-07T11:50:06Z"],["dc.date.issued","2001"],["dc.description.abstract","Based on review and original data, this synthesis investigates carbon pools and fluxes of Siberian and European forests (600 and 300 million ha, respectively). We examine the productivity of ecosystems, expressed as positive rate when the amount of carbon in the ecosystem increases, while (following micrometeorological convention) downward fluxes from the atmosphere to the vegetation (NEE = Net Ecosystem Exchange) are expressed as negative numbers. Productivity parameters are Net Primary Productivity (NPP=whole plant growth), Net Ecosystem Productivity (NEP = CO2 assimilation minus ecosystem respiration), and Net Biome Productivity (NBP = NEP minus carbon losses through disturbances bypassing respiration, e.g. by fire and logging). Based on chronosequence studies and national forestry statistics we estimate a low average NPP for boreal forests in Siberia: 123 gC m–2 y–1. This contrasts with a similar calculation for Europe which suggests a much higher average NPP of 460 gC m–2 y–1 for the forests there. Despite a smaller area, European forests have a higher total NPP than Siberia (1.2–1.6 vs. 0.6–0.9 × 1015 gC region–1 y–1). This arises as a consequence of differences in growing season length, climate and nutrition.  For a chronosequence of Pinus sylvestris stands studied in central Siberia during summer, NEE was most negative in a 67‐y old stand regenerating after fire (– 192 mmol m–2 d–1) which is close to NEE in a cultivated forest of Germany (– 210 mmol m–2 d–1). Considerable net ecosystem CO2‐uptake was also measured in Siberia in 200‐ and 215‐y old stands (NEE:174 and – 63 mmol m–2 d–1) while NEP of 7‐ and 13‐y old logging areas were close to the ecosystem compensation point. Two Siberian bogs and a bog in European Russia were also significant carbon sinks (– 102 to – 104 mmol m–2 d–1). Integrated over a growing season (June to September) we measured a total growing season NEE of – 14 mol m–2 summer–1 (– 168 gC m–2 summer–1) in a 200‐y Siberian pine stand and – 5 mol m–2 summer–1 (– 60 gC m–2 summer–1) in Siberian and European Russian bogs. By contrast, over the same period, a spruce forest in European Russia was a carbon source to the atmosphere of (NEE: + 7 mol m–2 summer–1 = + 84 gC m–2 summer–1). Two years after a windthrow in European Russia, with all trees being uplifted and few successional species, lost 16 mol C m–2 to the atmosphere over a 3‐month in summer, compared to the cumulative NEE over a growing season in a German forest of – 15.5 mol m–2 summer–1 (– 186 gC m–2 summer–1; European flux network annual averaged – 205 gC m–2 y–1).  Differences in CO2‐exchange rates coincided with differences in the Bowen ratio, with logging areas partitioning most incoming radiation into sensible heat whereas bogs partitioned most into evaporation (latent heat). Effects of these different surface energy exchanges on local climate (convective storms and fires) and comparisons with the Canadian BOREAS experiment are discussed.  Following a classification of disturbances and their effects on ecosystem carbon balances, fire and logging are discussed as the main processes causing carbon losses that bypass heterotrophic respiration in Siberia. Following two approaches, NBP was estimated to be only about 13–16 mmol m–2 y–1 for Siberia. It may reach 67 mmol m–2 y–1 in North America, and about 140–400 mmol m–2 y–1 in Scandinavia.  We conclude that fire speeds up the carbon cycle, but that it results also in long‐term carbon sequestration by charcoal formation. For at least 14 years after logging, regrowth forests remain net sources of CO2 to the atmosphere. This has important implications regarding the effects of Siberian forest management on atmospheric concentrations. For many years after logging has taken place, regrowth forests remain weaker sinks for atmospheric CO2 than are nearby old‐growth forests."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1046/j.1365-2486.1999.00266.x"],["dc.identifier.gro","3147562"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/5061"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.status","final"],["dc.notes.submitter","chake"],["dc.relation.issn","1354-1013"],["dc.title","Productivity of forests in the Eurosiberian boreal region and their potential to act as a carbon sink - a synthesis"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","no"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","no"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","1405"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","4"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Biogeosciences"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","1421"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","9"],["dc.contributor.author","Schulze, E.-D."],["dc.contributor.author","Wirth, C."],["dc.contributor.author","Mollicone, D."],["dc.contributor.author","von Luepke, Nikolas"],["dc.contributor.author","Ziegler, W."],["dc.contributor.author","Achard, F."],["dc.contributor.author","Mund, Martina"],["dc.contributor.author","Prokushkin, A."],["dc.contributor.author","Scherbina, S."],["dc.date.accessioned","2018-11-07T09:14:52Z"],["dc.date.available","2018-11-07T09:14:52Z"],["dc.date.issued","2012"],["dc.description.abstract","The relative role of fire and of climate in determining canopy species composition and aboveground carbon stocks were investigated. Measurements were made along a transect extending from the dark taiga zone of central Siberia, where Picea and Abies dominate the canopy, into the Larix zone of eastern Siberia. We test the hypotheses that the change in canopy species composition is based (1) on climate-driven performance only, (2) on fire only, or (3) on fire-performance interactions. We show that the evergreen conifers Picea obovata and Abies sibirica are the natural late-successional species both in central and eastern Siberia, provided there has been no fire for an extended period of time. There are no changes in performance of the observed species along the transect. Fire appears to be the main factor explaining the dominance of Larix and of soil carbon. Of lesser influence were longitude as a proxy for climate, local hydrology and active-layer thickness. We can only partially explain fire return frequency, which is not only related to climate and land cover, but also to human behavior. Stand-replacing fires decreased from 300 to 50 yrs between the Yenisei Ridge and the upper Tunguska. Repeated non-stand-replacing surface fires eliminated the regeneration of Abies and Picea. With every 100 yrs since the last fire, the percentage of Larix decreased by 20%. Biomass of stems of single trees did not show signs of age-related decline. Relative diameter increment was 0.41 +/- 0.20% at breast height and stem volume increased linearly over time with a rate of about 0.36 t C ha(-1) yr(-1) independent of age class and species. Stand biomass reached about 130 t C ha(-1)(equivalent to about 520 m(3) ha(-1)). Individual trees of Larix were older than 600 yrs. The maximum age and biomass seemed to be limited by fungal rot of heart wood. 60% of old Larix and Picea and 30% of Pinus sibirica trees were affected by stem rot. Implications for the future role of fire and of plant diseases are discussed."],["dc.description.sponsorship","Russian Federation [11.G34.31.0014]; Siberian Federal University"],["dc.identifier.doi","10.5194/bg-9-1405-2012"],["dc.identifier.isi","000304049800010"],["dc.identifier.purl","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gs-1/9913"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/27531"],["dc.notes.intern","Merged from goescholar"],["dc.notes.status","zu prüfen"],["dc.notes.submitter","Najko"],["dc.relation.issn","1726-4170"],["dc.rights","Goescholar"],["dc.rights.uri","https://goescholar.uni-goettingen.de/licenses"],["dc.title","Factors promoting larch dominance in central Siberia: fire versus growth performance and implications for carbon dynamics at the boundary of evergreen and deciduous conifers"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","yes"],["dc.type.version","published_version"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]