Scheu, Stefan

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.artnumber","181869"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","3"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Royal Society Open Science"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","6"],["dc.contributor.author","Graf, Marcel"],["dc.contributor.author","Bönn, Markus"],["dc.contributor.author","Feldhahn, Lasse"],["dc.contributor.author","Kurth, Florence"],["dc.contributor.author","Grams, Thorsten E. E."],["dc.contributor.author","Herrmann, Sylvie"],["dc.contributor.author","Tarkka, Mika"],["dc.contributor.author","Buscot, Francois"],["dc.contributor.author","Scheu, Stefan"],["dc.date.accessioned","2019-07-09T11:50:45Z"],["dc.date.available","2019-07-09T11:50:45Z"],["dc.date.issued","2019"],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1098/rsos.181869"],["dc.identifier.purl","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gs-1/15993"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/59823"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.intern","Merged from goescholar"],["dc.rights","CC BY 4.0"],["dc.rights.uri","https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"],["dc.subject.ddc","570"],["dc.title","Collembola interact with mycorrhizal fungi in modifying oak morphology, C and N incorporation and transcriptomics"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.version","published_version"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","289"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","2"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Oecologia"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","298"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","160"],["dc.contributor.author","Lohmann, Maité"],["dc.contributor.author","Scheu, Stefan"],["dc.contributor.author","Müller, Caroline"],["dc.date.accessioned","2019-07-09T11:53:03Z"],["dc.date.available","2019-07-09T11:53:03Z"],["dc.date.issued","2009"],["dc.description.abstract","Aboveground herbivory is well known to change plant growth and defence. In contrast, effects of soil organisms, acting alone or in concert, on allocation patterns are less well understood. We investigated separate and combined effects of the endogeic earthworm species Aporrectodea caliginosa and the root feeding nematode species Pratylenchus penetrans and Meloidogyne incognita on plant responses including growth and defence metabolite concentrations in leaves of white mustard, Sinapis alba. Soil biota had a strong impact on plant traits, with the intensity varying due to species combinations. Nematode infestation reduced shoot biomass and nitrogen concentration but only in the absence of earthworms. Earthworms likely counteracted the negative effects of nematodes. Infestation with the migratory lesion-nematode P. penetrans combined with earthworms led to increased root length. Earthworm biomass increased in the presence of this species, indicating that these nematodes increased the food resources of earthworms—presumably dead and decaying roots. Nitrogen-based defence compounds, i.e. glucosinolates, did not correlate with nitrogen levels. In the presence of earthworms, concentrations of aromatic glucosinolates in leaves were significantly increased. In contrast, infection with P. penetrans strongly decreased concentrations of glucosinolates (up to 81%). Infestation with the sedentary nematode M. incognita induced aromatic glucosinolates by more than 50% but only when earthworms were also present. Myrosinase activities, glucosinolate-hydrolysing enzymes, were unaffected by nematodes but reduced in the presence of earthworms. Our results document that root-feeding nematodes elicit systemic plant responses in defence metabolites, with the responses varying drastically with nematode species of different functional groups. Furthermore, systemic plant responses are also altered by decomposer animals, such as earthworms, challenging the assumption that induction of plant responses including defence traits is restricted to herbivores. Soil animals even interact and modulate the individual effects on plant growth and plant defence, thereby likely also influencing shoot herbivore attack."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1007/s00442-009-1306-0"],["dc.identifier.purl","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gs-1/6754"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/60328"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.intern","Merged from goescholar"],["dc.publisher","Springer"],["dc.publisher.place","Berlin/Heidelberg"],["dc.rights","Goescholar"],["dc.rights.uri","https://goescholar.uni-goettingen.de/licenses"],["dc.subject.ddc","570"],["dc.title","Decomposers and root feeders interactively affect plant defence in Sinapis alba"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.version","published_version"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.artnumber","17894"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","1"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Scientific Reports"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","8"],["dc.contributor.author","Eisenhauer, Nico"],["dc.contributor.author","Vogel, Anja"],["dc.contributor.author","Jensen, Britta"],["dc.contributor.author","Scheu, Stefan"],["dc.date.accessioned","2019-07-09T11:50:16Z"],["dc.date.available","2019-07-09T11:50:16Z"],["dc.date.issued","2018"],["dc.description.abstract","Biodiversity is well known to enhance many ecosystem functions, but empirical evidence for the role of soil biodiversity for plant biomass production and allocation is scarce. Here we studied the effects of animal decomposer diversity (1, 2, and 4 species as well as a control without any decomposers) on the biomass production and aboveground-belowground biomass allocation of common wheat using two earthworm and two Collembola species using an additive design in two soil management types (organic and mineral fertilizer treatments) in a microcosm experiment. Shoot (+11%), spike (+7%), and root biomass (+56%), increased significantly with increasing decomposer diversity, and these effects were consistent across the two soil management types. Notably, decomposer diversity effects were stronger on root than on shoot biomass, significantly decreasing the shoot-to-root ratio (-27%). Increased plant biomass production was positively correlated with a decomposer richness-induced increase in soil water nitrate concentrations five weeks after the start of the experiment. However, elevated soil nitrate concentrations did not cause significantly higher plant tissue nitrogen concentrations and nitrogen amounts, suggesting that additional mechanisms might be at play. Consistent decomposer diversity effects across soil management types indicate that maintaining soil biodiversity is a robust and sustainable strategy to enhance crop yield."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1038/s41598-018-36294-3"],["dc.identifier.pmid","30559347"],["dc.identifier.purl","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gs-1/15895"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/59734"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.intern","Merged from goescholar"],["dc.relation","info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/677232/EU//ECOWORM"],["dc.relation.issn","2045-2322"],["dc.rights","CC BY 4.0"],["dc.rights.uri","https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"],["dc.subject.ddc","570"],["dc.title","Decomposer diversity increases biomass production and shifts aboveground-belowground biomass allocation of common wheat"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.version","published_version"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.artnumber","e0207141"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","11"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","PLOS ONE"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","13"],["dc.contributor.author","Winter, Marlena"],["dc.contributor.author","Haynert, Kristin"],["dc.contributor.author","Scheu, Stefan"],["dc.contributor.author","Maraun, Mark"],["dc.date.accessioned","2019-07-09T11:49:40Z"],["dc.date.available","2019-07-09T11:49:40Z"],["dc.date.issued","2018"],["dc.description.abstract","Global change processes affect seasonal dynamics of salt marshes and thereby their plant and animal communities. However, these changes have been little investigated for microarthropod communities. We studied the effect of seasonality and changes in sea level on oribatid mites in the natural salt marsh and on artificial islands in the back-barrier environment of the island Spiekeroog (Wadden Sea, Germany). Three zones of the artificial islands were filled with transplanted sods from the lower salt marsh zone and thereby exposed to three different inundation frequencies. We hypothesized that oribatid mite communities will differ along the natural salt marsh vegetation zones [upper salt marsh (USM), lower salt marsh (LSM), pioneer zone (PZ)], which are influenced by different tidal regimes. Accordingly, total oribatid mite densities declined from the USM and LSM to the PZ. Similarly, oribatid mite species compositions changed along the salt marsh transect and also responded to variations in inundation frequency in LSM on artificial islands with typical species of the USM, LSM and PZ being Multioppia neglecta (USM), Hermannia pulchella (LSM), Zachvatkinibates quadrivertex (LSM, PZ) and Ameronothrus schneideri (LSM, PZ). Oribatid mite density in the salt marsh and on the artificial islands was at a maximum in winter and spring; this was due in part to high density of juveniles, pointing to two reproductive periods. We hypothesized that oribatid mite trophic structure changes due to variations in abiotic (e.g., tidal dynamics, temperature) and biotic conditions (e.g., resource availability). Stable isotope (15N, 13C) and neutral lipid fatty acid analyses indicated that oribatid mite species have different diets with e.g., Z. quadrivertex feeding on macroalgae and fungi, A. schneideri feeding on microalgae and bacteria, and Scheloribates laevigatus and M. neglecta feeding on dead organic matter, bacteria and fungi. Overall, the results indicate that oribatid mite species in salt marshes are affected by changes in environmental factors such as inundation intensity, with the effects being most pronounced in species with narrow trophic niches and limited niche plasticity. The results also indicate that oribatid mite communities of the LSM respond little to short-term (one year) changes in inundation frequency."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1371/journal.pone.0207141"],["dc.identifier.pmid","30408121"],["dc.identifier.purl","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gs-1/15737"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/59603"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.intern","Merged from goescholar"],["dc.relation.orgunit","Zentrum für Biodiversität und Nachhaltige Landnutzung"],["dc.rights","CC BY 4.0"],["dc.rights.uri","https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"],["dc.subject.ddc","570"],["dc.title","Seasonal dynamics and changing sea level as determinants of the community and trophic structure of oribatid mites in a salt marsh of the Wadden Sea"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.subtype","original_ja"],["dc.type.version","published_version"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","95"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","820"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","ZooKeys"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","118"],["dc.contributor.author","Fardiansah, Riko"],["dc.contributor.author","Dupérré, Nadine"],["dc.contributor.author","Widyastuti, Rahayu"],["dc.contributor.author","Potapov, Anton"],["dc.contributor.author","Scheu, Stefan"],["dc.contributor.author","Harms, Danilo"],["dc.date.accessioned","2019-07-09T11:49:58Z"],["dc.date.available","2019-07-09T11:49:58Z"],["dc.date.issued","2019"],["dc.description.abstract","Four new species of armoured spiders from Sumatra, Indonesia are described. Three species are described in the genus Ablemma Roewer, 1963 and one species in the genus Brignoliella Shear, 1978; Ablemmaandrianasp. n. (male), Ablemmacontritasp. n. (male and female), Ablemmakelincisp. n. (male) and Brignoliellapatmaesp. n. (male and female). The female of Ablemmasingalang Lehtinen, 1981 is described here for the first time. The first record of Brignoliella for Sumatra is also presented."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.3897/zookeys.820.29363"],["dc.identifier.pmid","30733636"],["dc.identifier.purl","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gs-1/15824"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/59669"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.intern","Merged from goescholar"],["dc.relation","SFB 990: Ökologische und sozioökonomische Funktionen tropischer Tieflandregenwald-Transformationssysteme (Sumatra, Indonesien)"],["dc.relation","SFB 990 | B | B08: Struktur und Funktion des Zersetzersystems in Transformationssystemen von Tiefland-Regenwäldern"],["dc.relation.issn","1313-2989"],["dc.rights","CC BY 4.0"],["dc.rights.uri","https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"],["dc.subject.ddc","570"],["dc.subject.gro","Journal Article"],["dc.subject.gro","ABS"],["dc.subject.gro","sfb990_journalarticles"],["dc.subject.gro","sfb990_abs"],["dc.title","Description of four new species of armoured spiders (Araneae, Tetrablemmidae) from Sumatra, Indonesia"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.subtype","original_ja"],["dc.type.version","published_version"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.artnumber","e0202862"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","8"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","PLOS ONE"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","13"],["dc.contributor.author","González-Macé, Odette"],["dc.contributor.author","Scheu, Stefan"],["dc.date.accessioned","2019-07-09T11:46:07Z"],["dc.date.available","2019-07-09T11:46:07Z"],["dc.date.issued","2018"],["dc.description.abstract","Flooding frequency is predicted to increase during the next decades in Europe. Therefore, it is important to understand how short-term disturbance events affect soil biota providing essential ecosystem functions and uncover factors modulating their response such as plant community composition. Here we report on the response of soil microarthropod communities (Collembola and Acari) to a severe summer flood in 2013, which affected major parts of central Europe. Collembola and Acari density and Collembola and Oribatida richness were strongly affected by the flood, but they recovered within three months. Effects of plant community composition on soil microarthropods disappeared after the flood, presumably due to homogenization of the field, but the effects of plant community were in a stage of being reasserted three months after the flood. Widespread, surface living and generalistic microarthropod species recolonized the field quickly. Prostigmata and Oribatida were more resilient or recovered to flooding than Astigmata and Gamasida. Long-term impacts, however, remain unknown and deserve further investigation."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1371/journal.pone.0202862"],["dc.identifier.pmid","30161191"],["dc.identifier.purl","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gs-1/15396"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/59379"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.intern","Merged from goescholar"],["dc.notes.intern","In goescholar not merged with http://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gs-1/15698 but duplicate"],["dc.rights","CC BY 4.0"],["dc.rights.uri","https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"],["dc.subject.ddc","570"],["dc.title","Response of Collembola and Acari communities to summer flooding in a grassland plant diversity experiment"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.version","published_version"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.artnumber","240"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Frontiers in Microbiology"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","10"],["dc.contributor.author","Schulz, Garvin"],["dc.contributor.author","Schneider, Dominik"],["dc.contributor.author","Brinkmann, Nicole"],["dc.contributor.author","Edy, Nur"],["dc.contributor.author","Daniel, Rolf"],["dc.contributor.author","Polle, Andrea"],["dc.contributor.author","Scheu, Stefan"],["dc.contributor.author","Krashevska, Valentyna"],["dc.date.accessioned","2019-07-09T11:50:04Z"],["dc.date.available","2019-07-09T11:50:04Z"],["dc.date.issued","2019"],["dc.description.abstract","Protists, abundant but enigmatic single-celled eukaryotes, are important soil microbiota providing numerous ecosystem functions. We employed high-throughput sequencing of environmental DNA, targeting the V4 region of the 18S rRNA gene, to characterize changes in their abundance, species richness, and community structure with conversion of lowland rainforest into rubber agroforest (jungle rubber), and rubber and oil palm plantations; typical agricultural systems in Sumatra, Indonesia. We identified 5,204 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) at 97% identity threshold of protists from 32 sites. Protists species richness was similar in rainforest, jungle rubber and oil palm plantations but significantly lower in rubber plantations. After standardization, 4,219 OTUs were assigned to five trophic groups, and inspected for effects of land-use change, and potential biotic and abiotic driving factors. The most abundant trophic group was phagotrophs (52%), followed by animal parasites (29%), photoautotrophs (12%), plant parasites (1%), and symbionts (<1%). However, the relative abundance and OTU richness of phagotrophs and photoautotrophs increased significantly with increasing land-use intensity. This was similar, but less pronounced, for the relative abundance of symbionts. Animal and plant parasites decreased significantly in abundance and species richness with increasing land-use intensity. Community compositions and factors affecting the structure of individual trophic groups differed between land-use systems. Parasites were presumably mainly driven by the abundance and species richness of their hosts, while phagotrophs by changes in soil pH and increase in Gram-positive bacteria, and photoautotrophs by light availability. Overall, the results show that relative species richness, relative abundance, and community composition of individual trophic groups of protists in tropical lowland rainforest significantly differ from that in converted ecosystems. This is likely associated with changes in ecosystem functioning. The study provides novel insight into protist communities and their changes with land-use intensity in tropical lowland ecosystems. We show, that trophic groups of protists are powerful indicators reflecting changes in the functioning of ecosystems with conversion of rainforest into monoculture plantations."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.3389/fmicb.2019.00240"],["dc.identifier.pmid","30809219"],["dc.identifier.purl","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gs-1/15852"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/59696"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.intern","Merged from goescholar"],["dc.relation","SFB 990: Ökologische und sozioökonomische Funktionen tropischer Tieflandregenwald-Transformationssysteme (Sumatra, Indonesien)"],["dc.relation","SFB 990 | B | B02: Impact of rainforest transformation on phylogenetic and functional diversity of soil prokaryotic communities in Sumatra (Indonesia)"],["dc.relation","SFB 990 | B | B07: Functional diversity of mycorrhizal fungi along a tropical land-use gradient"],["dc.relation","SFB 990 | B | B08: Struktur und Funktion des Zersetzersystems in Transformationssystemen von Tiefland-Regenwäldern"],["dc.relation.issn","1664-302X"],["dc.relation.orgunit","Zentrum für Biodiversität und Nachhaltige Landnutzung"],["dc.rights","CC BY 4.0"],["dc.rights.uri","https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"],["dc.subject.ddc","570"],["dc.subject.gro","sfb990_journalarticles"],["dc.title","Changes in Trophic Groups of Protists With Conversion of Rainforest Into Rubber and Oil Palm Plantations"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.subtype","original_ja"],["dc.type.version","published_version"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.artnumber","e0189645"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","1"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","12"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","PloS one"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","20"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","12"],["dc.contributor.author","Haynert, Kristin"],["dc.contributor.author","Kiggen, Mirijam"],["dc.contributor.author","Klarner, Bernhard"],["dc.contributor.author","Maraun, Mark"],["dc.contributor.author","Scheu, Stefan"],["dc.date.accessioned","2019-07-09T11:45:04Z"],["dc.date.available","2019-07-09T11:45:04Z"],["dc.date.issued","2017"],["dc.description.abstract","Mesofauna taxa fill key trophic positions in soil food webs, even in terrestrial-marine boundary habitats characterized by frequent natural disturbances. Salt marshes represent such boundary habitats, characterized by frequent inundations increasing from the terrestrial upper to the marine pioneer zone. Despite the high abundance of soil mesofauna in salt marshes and their important function by facilitating energy and carbon flows, the structure, trophic ecology and habitat-related diet shifts of mesofauna species in natural salt marsh habitats is virtually unknown. Therefore, we investigated the effects of natural disturbance (inundation frequency) on community structure, food web complexity and resource use of soil mesofauna using stable isotope analysis (15N, 13C) in three salt marsh zones. In this intertidal habitat, the pioneer zone is exposed to inundations twice a day, but lower and upper salt marshes are less frequently inundated based on shore height. The mesofauna comprised 86 species / taxa dominated by Collembola, Oribatida and Mesostigmata. Shifts in environmental disturbances influenced the structure of food webs, diversity and density declined strongly from the land to the sea pointing to the importance of increasing levels of inundation frequency. Accordingly, the reduced diversity and density was associated by a simplification of the food web in the pioneer zone as compared to the less inundated lower and upper salt marsh with a higher number of trophic levels. Strong variations in δ15N signatures demonstrated that mesofauna species are feeding at multiple trophic levels. Primary decomposers were low and most mesofauna species functioned as secondary decomposers or predators including second order predators or scavengers. The results document that major decomposer taxa, such as Collembola and Oribatida, are more diverse than previously assumed and predominantly dwell on autochthonous resources of the respective salt marsh zone. The results further suggest that Mesostigmata mostly adopt an intraguild predation lifestyle. The high trophic position of a large number of predators suggests that intraguild predation is of significant importance in salt marsh food webs. Presumably, intraguild predation contributes to stabilizing the salt marsh food web against disturbances."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1371/journal.pone.0189645"],["dc.identifier.pmid","29240806"],["dc.identifier.purl","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gs-1/15029"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/59156"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.intern","Merged from goescholar"],["dc.relation.issn","1932-6203"],["dc.rights","CC BY 4.0"],["dc.rights.uri","https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"],["dc.subject.ddc","570"],["dc.subject.mesh","Animals"],["dc.subject.mesh","Biodiversity"],["dc.subject.mesh","Food Chain"],["dc.subject.mesh","Germany"],["dc.subject.mesh","Humans"],["dc.subject.mesh","Predatory Behavior"],["dc.subject.mesh","Soil"],["dc.subject.mesh","Wetlands"],["dc.title","The structure of salt marsh soil mesofauna food webs - The prevalence of disturbance"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.version","published_version"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.artnumber","14"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Frontiers in Environmental Science"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","6"],["dc.contributor.author","Kundel, Dominika"],["dc.contributor.author","Meyer, Svenja"],["dc.contributor.author","Birkhofer, Herbert"],["dc.contributor.author","Fliessbach, Andreas"],["dc.contributor.author","Mäder, Paul"],["dc.contributor.author","Scheu, Stefan"],["dc.contributor.author","van Kleunen, Mark"],["dc.contributor.author","Birkhofer, Klaus"],["dc.date.accessioned","2019-07-09T11:45:15Z"],["dc.date.available","2019-07-09T11:45:15Z"],["dc.date.issued","2018"],["dc.description.abstract","Climate change models predict reduced summer precipitations for most European countries, including more frequent and extreme summer droughts. Rainout-shelters which intercept part of the natural precipitation provide an effective tool to investigate effects of different precipitation levels on biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. In this study, we evaluate and describe in detail a fixed-location rainout-shelter (2.5 × 2.5 m) with partial interception of natural rainfall. We provide a complete parts list, a construction manual and detailed CAD drawings allowing to rebuild and use these shelters for rainfall manipulation studies. In addition, we describe a rainout-shelter control treatment giving the possibility to quantify and account for potential shelter artifacts. To test the rainout-shelters, we established the following three treatments each in eight winter wheat plots of the agricultural long-term farming system comparison trial DOK in Therwil (Switzerland): (1) A rainout-shelter with 65% interception of rainfall, (2) a rainout-shelter control without interception of rainfall, and (3) an ambient control. The rainout-shelter effectively excluded 64.9% of the ambient rainfall, which is very close to the a priori calculated exclusion of 65.1%. In comparison to the ambient control plots, gravimetric soil moisture decreased under the rainout-shelter by a maximum of 11.1 percentage points. Air temperature under the rainout-shelter differed little from the ambient control (−0.55◦C in 1.2 m height and +0.19◦C in 0.1 m height), whereas soil temperatures were slightly higher in periods of high ambient temperature (+1.02◦C), but remained basically unaffected in periods of low ambient temperature (+0.14◦C). A maximum edge effect of 0.75 m defined a sampling area of 1 × 1 m under the rainout-shelter. The rainout-shelters presented here, proved to sustain under heavy weather and they were well-suited to be used in agricultural fields where management operations require the removal of the rainout-shelters for management operations. Overall, the results confirmed the good performance of the presented rainout-shelters regarding rainout-shelter artifacts, predictable rain exclusion, and feasibility for experimental studies in agricultural fields."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.3389/fenvs.2018.00014"],["dc.identifier.purl","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gs-1/15074"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/59192"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.intern","Merged from goescholar"],["dc.relation.issn","2095-221X"],["dc.rights","CC BY 4.0"],["dc.rights.uri","https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"],["dc.subject.ddc","570"],["dc.title","Design and Manual to Construct Rainout-Shelters for Climate Change Experiments in Agroecosystems"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.version","published_version"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.artnumber","873"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","1"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Nature communications"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","8"],["dc.contributor.author","Brandt, Alexander"],["dc.contributor.author","Schaefer, Ina"],["dc.contributor.author","Glanz, Julien"],["dc.contributor.author","Schwander, Tanja"],["dc.contributor.author","Maraun, Mark"],["dc.contributor.author","Scheu, Stefan"],["dc.contributor.author","Bast, Jens"],["dc.date.accessioned","2019-07-09T11:44:34Z"],["dc.date.available","2019-07-09T11:44:34Z"],["dc.date.issued","2017-10-12"],["dc.description.abstract","Sex is beneficial in the long term because it can prevent mutational meltdown through increased effectiveness of selection. This idea is supported by empirical evidence of deleterious mutation accumulation in species with a recent transition to asexuality. Here, we study the effectiveness of purifying selection in oribatid mites which have lost sex millions of years ago and diversified into different families and species while reproducing asexually. We compare the accumulation of deleterious nonsynonymous and synonymous mutations between three asexual and three sexual lineages using transcriptome data. Contrasting studies of young asexual lineages, we find evidence for strong purifying selection that is more effective in asexual as compared to sexual oribatid mite lineages. Our results suggest that large populations likely sustain effective purifying selection and facilitate the escape of mutational meltdown in the absence of sex. Thus, sex per se is not a prerequisite for the long-term persistence of animal lineages.Asexual reproduction is thought to be an evolutionary dead end in eukaryotes because deleterious mutations will not be purged effectively. Here, Brandt and colleagues show that anciently asexual oribatid mites in fact have reduced accumulation of deleterious mutations compared to their sexual relatives."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1038/s41467-017-01002-8"],["dc.identifier.pmid","29026136"],["dc.identifier.purl","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gs-1/14820"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/59038"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.intern","Merged from goescholar"],["dc.relation.issn","2041-1723"],["dc.rights","CC BY 4.0"],["dc.rights.uri","https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"],["dc.subject.ddc","570"],["dc.title","Effective purifying selection in ancient asexual oribatid mites."],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.version","published_version"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]