Noubactep, Chicgoua

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.artnumber","4138"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","11"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Sustainability"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","10"],["dc.contributor.author","Hu, Rui"],["dc.contributor.author","Noubactep, Chicgoua"],["dc.date.accessioned","2019-07-09T11:49:39Z"],["dc.date.available","2019-07-09T11:49:39Z"],["dc.date.issued","2018"],["dc.description.abstract","Research on the use of metallic iron (Fe0) for environmental remediation and water treatment has taken off during the past three decades. The results achieved have established filtration on Fe0 packed beds as an efficient technology for water remediation at several scales. However, the further development of Fe0-based filtration systems is impaired by the non-professional behavior of scientists who ignore available advances in knowledge. The confusion is overcome when due consideration is given to the fact that revealing state-of-the-art knowledge is a prerequisite to presenting individual achievements."],["dc.description.sponsorship","Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"],["dc.identifier.doi","10.3390/su10114138"],["dc.identifier.purl","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gs-1/15732"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/59598"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.intern","Merged from goescholar"],["dc.publisher","MDPI"],["dc.relation.eissn","2071-1050"],["dc.rights","CC BY 4.0"],["dc.rights.uri","https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"],["dc.subject.ddc","550"],["dc.title","Iron Corrosion: Scientific Heritage in Jeopardy"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.version","published_version"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","409"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","4"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Processes"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","8"],["dc.contributor.author","Xiao, Minhui"],["dc.contributor.author","Hu, Rui"],["dc.contributor.author","Cui, Xuesong"],["dc.contributor.author","Gwenzi, Willis"],["dc.contributor.author","Noubactep, Chicgoua"],["dc.date.accessioned","2020-05-06T12:01:50Z"],["dc.date.available","2020-05-06T12:01:50Z"],["dc.date.issued","2020"],["dc.description.abstract","The general suitability of water treatment systems involving metallic iron (Fe0) is well-established. Various attempts have been made to improve the efficiency of conventional Fe0 systems. One promising approach combines granular Fe0 and an iron sulfide mineral to form Fe0/Fe-sulfide/H2O systems. An improved understanding of the fundamental principles by which such systems operate is still needed. Through a systematic analysis of possible reactions and the probability of their occurrence, this study establishes that sulfide minerals primarily sustain iron corrosion by lowering the pH of the system. Thus, chemical reduction mediated by FeII species (indirect reduction) is a plausible explanation for the documented reductive transformations. Such a mechanism is consistent with the nature and distribution of reported reaction products. While considering the mass balance of iron, it appears that lowering the pH value increases Fe0 dissolution, and thus subsequent precipitation of hydroxides. This precipitation reaction is coupled with the occlusion of contaminants (co-precipitation or irreversible adsorption). The extent to which individual sulfides impact the efficiency of the tested systems depends on their intrinsic reactivities and the operational conditions (e.g., sulfide dosage, particle size, experimental duration). Future research directions, including the extension of Fe0/Fe-sulfide/H2O systems to drinking water filters and (domestic) wastewater treatment using the multi-soil-layering method are highlighted."],["dc.description.sponsorship","Ministry of Science and Technology of China"],["dc.identifier.doi","10.3390/pr8040409"],["dc.identifier.purl","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gs-1/17382"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/64900"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.intern","Merged from goescholar"],["dc.publisher","MDPI"],["dc.relation.eissn","2227-9717"],["dc.relation.issn","2227-9717"],["dc.rights","CC BY 4.0"],["dc.rights.uri","http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"],["dc.title","Understanding the Operating Mode of Fe0/Fe-Sulfide/H2O Systems for Water Treatment"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.version","published_version"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","1492"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","9"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Water"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","14"],["dc.contributor.affiliation","Xiao, Minhui; 1School of Earth Science and Engineering, Hohai University, Fo Cheng Xi Road 8, Nanjing 211100, China; xiaominhui@hhu.edu.cn (M.X.); rhu@hhu.edu.cn (R.H.); ndetchoupe@gmail.com (A.I.N.-T.)"],["dc.contributor.affiliation","Hu, Rui; 1School of Earth Science and Engineering, Hohai University, Fo Cheng Xi Road 8, Nanjing 211100, China; xiaominhui@hhu.edu.cn (M.X.); rhu@hhu.edu.cn (R.H.); ndetchoupe@gmail.com (A.I.N.-T.)"],["dc.contributor.affiliation","Ndé-Tchoupé, Arnaud Igor; 1School of Earth Science and Engineering, Hohai University, Fo Cheng Xi Road 8, Nanjing 211100, China; xiaominhui@hhu.edu.cn (M.X.); rhu@hhu.edu.cn (R.H.); ndetchoupe@gmail.com (A.I.N.-T.)"],["dc.contributor.affiliation","Gwenzi, Willis; 3Biosystems and Environmental Engineering Research Group, Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, University of Zimbabwe, Mount Pleasant, Harare P.O. Box MP167, Zimbabwe; wgwenzi@yahoo.co.uk"],["dc.contributor.affiliation","Noubactep, Chicgoua; 1School of Earth Science and Engineering, Hohai University, Fo Cheng Xi Road 8, Nanjing 211100, China; xiaominhui@hhu.edu.cn (M.X.); rhu@hhu.edu.cn (R.H.); ndetchoupe@gmail.com (A.I.N.-T.)"],["dc.contributor.author","Xiao, Minhui"],["dc.contributor.author","Hu, Rui"],["dc.contributor.author","Ndé-Tchoupé, Arnaud Igor"],["dc.contributor.author","Gwenzi, Willis"],["dc.contributor.author","Noubactep, Chicgoua"],["dc.date.accessioned","2022-06-01T09:40:01Z"],["dc.date.available","2022-06-01T09:40:01Z"],["dc.date.issued","2022"],["dc.date.updated","2022-06-06T00:24:18Z"],["dc.description.abstract","Scientific collaboration among various geographically scattered research groups on the broad topic of “metallic iron (Fe0) for water remediation” has evolved greatly over the past three decades. This collaboration has involved different kinds of research partners, including researchers from the same organization and domestic researchers from non-academic organizations as well as international partners. The present analysis of recent publications by some leading scientists shows that after a decade of frank collaboration in search of ways to improve the efficiency of Fe0/H2O systems, the research community has divided itself into two schools of thought since about 2007. Since then, progress in knowledge has stagnated. The first school maintains that Fe0 is a reducing agent for some relevant contaminants. The second school argues that Fe0 in-situ generates flocculants (iron hydroxides) for contaminant scavenging and reducing species (e.g., FeII, H2, and Fe3O4), but reductive transformation is not a relevant contaminant removal mechanism. The problem encountered in assessing the validity of the views of both schools arises from the quantitative dominance of the supporters of the first school, who mostly ignore the second school in their presentations. The net result is that the various derivations of the original Fe0 remediation technology may be collectively flawed by the same mistake. While recognizing that the whole research community strives for the success of a very promising but unestablished technology, annual review articles are suggested as an ingredient for successful collaboration."],["dc.description.sponsorship","Ministry of Science and Technology of China"],["dc.description.sponsorship","Open-Access-Publikationsfonds 2022"],["dc.identifier.doi","10.3390/w14091492"],["dc.identifier.pii","w14091492"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/108619"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.intern","DOI-Import GROB-572"],["dc.relation.eissn","2073-4441"],["dc.rights","CC BY 4.0"],["dc.title","Metallic Iron for Water Remediation: Plenty of Room for Collaboration and Convergence to Advance the Science"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.subtype","original_ja"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.artnumber","1739"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","12"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Water"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","10"],["dc.contributor.author","Hu, Rui"],["dc.contributor.author","Cui, Xuesong"],["dc.contributor.author","Gwenzi, Willis"],["dc.contributor.author","Wu, Shuanghong"],["dc.contributor.author","Noubactep, Chicgoua"],["dc.date.accessioned","2019-07-09T11:49:43Z"],["dc.date.available","2019-07-09T11:49:43Z"],["dc.date.issued","2018"],["dc.description.abstract","Elemental iron (Fe0) has been widely used in groundwater/soil remediation, safe drinking water provision, and wastewater treatment. It is still mostly reported that a surface-mediated reductive transformation (direct reduction) is a dominant decontamination mechanism. Thus, the expressions “contaminant removal” and “contaminant reduction” are interchangeably used in the literature for reducible species (contaminants). This contribution reviews the scientific literature leading to the advent of the Fe0 technology and shows clearly that reductive transformations in Fe0/H2O systems are mostly driven by secondary (FeII, H/H2) and tertiary/quaternary (e.g., Fe3O4, green rust) reducing agents. The incidence of this original mistake on the Fe0 technology and some consequences for its further development are discussed. It is shown, in particular, that characterizing the intrinsic reactivity of Fe0 materials should be the main focus of future research."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.3390/w10121739"],["dc.identifier.purl","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gs-1/15749"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/59613"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.intern","Merged from goescholar"],["dc.publisher","MDPI"],["dc.relation.eissn","2073-4441"],["dc.rights","Goescholar"],["dc.rights.uri","https://goescholar.uni-goettingen.de/licenses"],["dc.subject.ddc","550"],["dc.title","Fe0/H2O Systems for Environmental Remediation: The Scientific History and Future Research Directions"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.version","published_version"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","1523"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","6"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Water"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","12"],["dc.contributor.author","Ndé-Tchoupé, Arnaud Igor"],["dc.contributor.author","Hu, Rui"],["dc.contributor.author","Gwenzi, Willis"],["dc.contributor.author","Nassi, Achille"],["dc.contributor.author","Noubactep, Chicgoua"],["dc.date.accessioned","2021-04-14T08:25:01Z"],["dc.date.available","2021-04-14T08:25:01Z"],["dc.date.issued","2020"],["dc.description.sponsorship","Ministry of Science and Technology of China"],["dc.description.sponsorship","Ministry of Education of China"],["dc.identifier.doi","10.3390/w12061523"],["dc.identifier.purl","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gs-1/17446"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/81494"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.intern","DOI Import GROB-399"],["dc.notes.intern","Merged from goescholar"],["dc.publisher","MDPI"],["dc.relation.eissn","2073-4441"],["dc.rights","CC BY 4.0"],["dc.rights.uri","http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"],["dc.title","Characterizing the Reactivity of Metallic Iron for Water Treatment: H2 Evolution in H2SO4 and Uranium Removal Efficiency"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.version","published_version"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","4465"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","22"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","16"],["dc.contributor.author","Hu, Rui"],["dc.contributor.author","Noubactep, Chicgoua"],["dc.date.accessioned","2020-12-10T18:47:08Z"],["dc.date.available","2020-12-10T18:47:08Z"],["dc.date.issued","2019"],["dc.description.sponsorship","Ministry of Science and Technology of China"],["dc.description.sponsorship","Ministry of Education of China"],["dc.identifier.doi","10.3390/ijerph16224465"],["dc.identifier.eissn","1660-4601"],["dc.identifier.purl","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gs-1/16703"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/78653"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.intern","DOI Import GROB-354"],["dc.notes.intern","Merged from goescholar"],["dc.publisher","MDPI"],["dc.relation.eissn","1660-4601"],["dc.rights","CC BY 4.0"],["dc.rights.uri","https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"],["dc.title","Redirecting Research on Fe0 for Environmental Remediation: The Search for Synergy"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.version","published_version"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.artnumber","2326"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","1"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Scientific Reports"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","11"],["dc.contributor.author","Hu, Rui"],["dc.contributor.author","Cui, Xuesong"],["dc.contributor.author","Xiao, Minhui"],["dc.contributor.author","Gwenzi, Willis"],["dc.contributor.author","Noubactep, Chicgoua"],["dc.date.accessioned","2021-08-12T07:44:59Z"],["dc.date.available","2021-08-12T07:44:59Z"],["dc.date.issued","2021"],["dc.description.abstract","Abstract The role of pyrite (FeS 2 ) in the process of water treatment using metallic iron (Fe 0 ) was investigated. FeS 2 was used as a pH-shifting agent while methylene blue (MB) and methyl orange (MO) were used as an indicator of reactivity and model contaminant, respectively. The effect of the final pH value on the extent of MB discoloration was characterized using 5 g L −1 of a Fe 0 specimen. pH variation was achieved by adding 0 to 30 g L −1 of FeS 2 . Quiescent batch experiments with Fe 0 /FeS 2 /sand systems (sand loading: 25 g L −1 ) and 20 mL of MB were performed for 41 days. Final pH values varied from 3.3 to 7.0. Results demonstrated that MB discoloration is only quantitative when the final pH value was larger than 4.5 and that adsorption and co-precipitation are the fundamental mechanisms of decontamination in Fe 0 /H 2 O systems. Such mechanisms are consistent with the effects of the pH value on the decontamination process."],["dc.description.abstract","Abstract The role of pyrite (FeS 2 ) in the process of water treatment using metallic iron (Fe 0 ) was investigated. FeS 2 was used as a pH-shifting agent while methylene blue (MB) and methyl orange (MO) were used as an indicator of reactivity and model contaminant, respectively. The effect of the final pH value on the extent of MB discoloration was characterized using 5 g L −1 of a Fe 0 specimen. pH variation was achieved by adding 0 to 30 g L −1 of FeS 2 . Quiescent batch experiments with Fe 0 /FeS 2 /sand systems (sand loading: 25 g L −1 ) and 20 mL of MB were performed for 41 days. Final pH values varied from 3.3 to 7.0. Results demonstrated that MB discoloration is only quantitative when the final pH value was larger than 4.5 and that adsorption and co-precipitation are the fundamental mechanisms of decontamination in Fe 0 /H 2 O systems. Such mechanisms are consistent with the effects of the pH value on the decontamination process."],["dc.description.sponsorship","Open-Access-Publikationsfonds 2021"],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1038/s41598-021-81649-y"],["dc.identifier.pii","81649"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/88346"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.intern","DOI Import GROB-448"],["dc.relation.eissn","2045-2322"],["dc.relation.orgunit","Abteilung Angewandte Geologie"],["dc.rights","CC BY 4.0"],["dc.title","Characterizing the impact of pyrite addition on the efficiency of Fe0/H2O systems"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.subtype","original_ja"],["dc.type.version","published_version"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","622"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","9"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Processes"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","7"],["dc.contributor.author","Hu, Rui"],["dc.contributor.author","Gwenzi, Willis"],["dc.contributor.author","Sipowo-Tala, Viviane Raïssa"],["dc.contributor.author","Noubactep, Chicgoua"],["dc.date.accessioned","2020-12-10T18:47:19Z"],["dc.date.available","2020-12-10T18:47:19Z"],["dc.date.issued","2019"],["dc.description.sponsorship","Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China"],["dc.identifier.doi","10.3390/pr7090622"],["dc.identifier.eissn","2227-9717"],["dc.identifier.purl","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gs-1/16623"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/78721"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.intern","DOI Import GROB-354"],["dc.notes.intern","Merged from goescholar"],["dc.publisher","MDPI"],["dc.relation.eissn","2227-9717"],["dc.rights","CC BY 4.0"],["dc.rights.uri","https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"],["dc.title","Water Treatment Using Metallic Iron: A Tutorial Review"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.version","published_version"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","2465"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","12"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Water"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","11"],["dc.contributor.author","Lufingo, Mesia"],["dc.contributor.author","Nde-Tchoupe, Arnaud Igor"],["dc.contributor.author","Hu, Rui"],["dc.contributor.author","Njau, Karoli N."],["dc.contributor.author","Noubactep, Chicgoua"],["dc.date.accessioned","2020-05-06T12:02:45Z"],["dc.date.available","2020-05-06T12:02:45Z"],["dc.date.issued","2019"],["dc.description.abstract","Metallic iron (Fe0) materials have been industrially used for water treatment since the 1850s. There are still many fundamental challenges in affordably and reliably characterizing the Fe0 intrinsic reactivity. From the available methods, the one using Fe0 dissolution in ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA—2 mM) was demonstrated the most applicable as it uses only four affordable chemicals: Ascorbic acid, an ascorbate salt, EDTA and 1,10-Phenanthroline (Phen). A careful look at these chemicals reveals that EDTA and Phen are complexing agents for dissolved iron species. Fe3-EDTA is very stable and difficult to destabilize; ascorbic acid is one of the few appropriate reducing agents, therefore. On the other hand, the Fe2-Phen complex is so stable that oxidation by dissolved O2 is not possible. This article positively tests Fe0 (0.1 g) dissolution in 2 mM Phen (50 mL) as a characterization tool for the intrinsic reactivity, using 9 commercial steel wool (Fe0 SW) specimens as probe materials. The results are compared with those obtained by the EDTA method. The apparent iron dissolution rate in EDTA (kEDTA) and in Phen (kPhen) were such that 0.53 ≤ kEDTA (μg h−1) ≤ 4.81 and 0.07 ≤ kPhen (μg h−1) ≤ 1.30. Higher kEDTA values, relative to kPhen, are a reflection of disturbing Fe3 species originating from Fe2 oxidation by dissolved O2 and dissolution of iron corrosion products. It appears that the Phen method considers only the forward dissolution of Fe0. The Phen method is reliable and represents the most affordable approach for characterizing the suitability of Fe0 for water treatment"],["dc.identifier.doi","10.3390/w11122465"],["dc.identifier.purl","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gs-1/16787"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/64907"],["dc.identifier.url","https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/11/12/2465"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.intern","Merged from goescholar"],["dc.publisher","MDPI"],["dc.relation.eissn","2073-4441"],["dc.relation.issn","2073-4441"],["dc.rights","CC BY 4.0"],["dc.rights.uri","https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"],["dc.title","A Novel and Facile Method to Characterize the Suitability of Metallic Iron for Water Treatment"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.version","published_version"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","15"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Water"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","14"],["dc.contributor.affiliation","Ndé-Tchoupé, Arnaud Igor; 1School of Earth Science and Engineering, Hohai University, Fo Cheng Xi Road 8, Nanjing 211100, China; bernardowuraku@yahoo.com (B.K.-A.); rhu@hhu.edu.cn (R.H.)"],["dc.contributor.affiliation","Konadu-Amoah, Bernard; 1School of Earth Science and Engineering, Hohai University, Fo Cheng Xi Road 8, Nanjing 211100, China; bernardowuraku@yahoo.com (B.K.-A.); rhu@hhu.edu.cn (R.H.)"],["dc.contributor.affiliation","Gatcha-Bandjun, Nadège; 2Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, University of Maroua, Maroua P.O. Box 46, Cameroon; nadegegatcha@yahoo.fr"],["dc.contributor.affiliation","Hu, Rui; 1School of Earth Science and Engineering, Hohai University, Fo Cheng Xi Road 8, Nanjing 211100, China; bernardowuraku@yahoo.com (B.K.-A.); rhu@hhu.edu.cn (R.H.)"],["dc.contributor.affiliation","Gwenzi, Willis; 3Biosystems and Environmental Engineering Research Group, Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, University of Zimbabwe, Mount Pleasant, Harare P.O. Box MP167, Zimbabwe; wgwenzi@yahoo.co.uk"],["dc.contributor.affiliation","Noubactep, Chicgoua; 1School of Earth Science and Engineering, Hohai University, Fo Cheng Xi Road 8, Nanjing 211100, China; bernardowuraku@yahoo.com (B.K.-A.); rhu@hhu.edu.cn (R.H.)"],["dc.contributor.author","Ndé-Tchoupé, Arnaud Igor"],["dc.contributor.author","Konadu-Amoah, Bernard"],["dc.contributor.author","Gatcha-Bandjun, Nadège"],["dc.contributor.author","Hu, Rui"],["dc.contributor.author","Gwenzi, Willis"],["dc.contributor.author","Noubactep, Chicgoua"],["dc.date.accessioned","2022-08-04T08:27:43Z"],["dc.date.available","2022-08-04T08:27:43Z"],["dc.date.issued","2022-07-26"],["dc.date.updated","2022-08-03T11:29:56Z"],["dc.description.abstract","This article critically evaluates the conventional Kanchan Arsenic Filter (KAF) in order to determine the main reasons for its reported poor performance. The KAF was introduced in 2004 in Nepal and makes use of non-galvanized nails as a Fe0 source for As removal. As early as 2009, the KAF was demonstrated to be ineffective for As removal in many cases. This was unambiguously attributed to the Fe0 layer which is placed on top of a sand filter instead of being incorporated into a sand matrix. Despite this conceptual mistake, the conventional KAF has been largely distributed in Asia, and recent articles have assessed its sustainability. This study reiterates that the suitability of the technology, rather than its sustainability, should be addressed. Evidence shows that the KAF has the following design limitations: (i) uses iron nails of unknown reactivity, and (ii) operates on the principle of a wet/dry cycle. The latter causes a decrease in the corrosion rate of the used nails, thereby limiting the availability of the iron corrosion products which act as contaminant scavengers. Taken together, these results confirm the unsuitability of the conventional KAF. Besides correcting the design mistakes, more attention should be paid to the intrinsic reactivity of the used iron nails, including using alternative Fe0 materials (e.g., iron filings, steel wool) for filters lasting for just 6 or 18 months. Specific design considerations to be addressed in the future are highlighted."],["dc.description.sponsorship","Open-Access-Publikationsfonds 2022"],["dc.identifier.doi","10.3390/w14152318"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/112625"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.relation.eissn","2073-4441"],["dc.rights","CC BY 4.0"],["dc.title","Kanchan Arsenic Filters for Household Water Treatment: Unsuitable or Unsustainable?"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.subtype","original_ja"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]