Pachl, Patrick

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","412"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","2"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","420"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","65"],["dc.contributor.author","Pachl, Patrick"],["dc.contributor.author","Domes, Katja"],["dc.contributor.author","Schulz, Garvin"],["dc.contributor.author","Norton, Roy A."],["dc.contributor.author","Scheu, Stefan"],["dc.contributor.author","Schaefer, Ina"],["dc.contributor.author","Maraun, Mark"],["dc.date.accessioned","2018-11-07T09:04:18Z"],["dc.date.available","2018-11-07T09:04:18Z"],["dc.date.issued","2012"],["dc.description.abstract","Oribatid mites are diverse and abundant terrestrial soil arthropods that are involved in decomposition of organic matter and nutrient cycling. As indicated by fossils starting from the Devonian, they evolved varied mechanisms and structures for defense from predators. We investigated four of these defensive structures (ptychoid body, hologastry, mineralization and opisthonotal glands) and used ancestral character state reconstruction to determine whether they evolved convergently and how many times this may have happened. Phylogenetic trees based on 18S rDNA were constructed for 42 oribatid mite species and two outgroup taxa using likelihood and Bayesian algorithms. The results suggest that at least three of the four defensive structures evolved convergently several times: for opisthonotal glands convergent evolution remains equivocal. This high level of convergence indicates that predation has been an important factor throughout the evolution of oribatid mites, contributing to morphological diversity and potentially also to species richness, as there are indications that some taxa radiated after the evolution of defense structures. Despite the ancientness of oribatid mites, defense structures seems to have been rarely lost, suggesting that they still are functional and necessary to reduce predation, rather than being 'ghosts of predation past'. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved."],["dc.description.sponsorship","German Research Foundation (DFG)"],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1016/j.ympev.2012.06.030"],["dc.identifier.isi","000309636200006"],["dc.identifier.pmid","22796481"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/25089"],["dc.notes.status","zu prüfen"],["dc.notes.submitter","Najko"],["dc.publisher","Academic Press Inc Elsevier Science"],["dc.relation.issn","1055-7903"],["dc.title","Convergent evolution of defense mechanisms in oribatid mites (Acari, Oribatida) shows no \"ghosts of predation past\""],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","yes"],["dc.type.status","published"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","439"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","4"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Experimental and Applied Acarology"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","453"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","70"],["dc.contributor.author","Krause, Alena"],["dc.contributor.author","Pachl, Patrick"],["dc.contributor.author","Schulz, Garvin"],["dc.contributor.author","Lehmitz, Ricarda"],["dc.contributor.author","Seniczak, Anna"],["dc.contributor.author","Schaefer, Ina"],["dc.contributor.author","Scheu, Stefan"],["dc.contributor.author","Maraun, Mark"],["dc.date.accessioned","2018-11-07T10:05:25Z"],["dc.date.available","2018-11-07T10:05:25Z"],["dc.date.issued","2016"],["dc.description.abstract","Convergent evolution is one of the main drivers of traits and phenotypes in animals and plants. Here, we investigated the minimum number of independent colonisations of marine and freshwater habitats in derived oribatid mites (Brachypylina), a mainly terrestrial taxon. Furthermore, we investigated whether the reproductive mode (sexual vs. thelytokous) is associated with the habitat type (marine, freshwater) where the animals live. We hypothesized that continuous resource availability in freshwater systems fosters asexual reproduction. We used 18S rDNA sequences to construct a molecular phylogeny of oribatid mites from terrestrial, marine and freshwater habitats. The results indicate that aquatic life in oribatid mites evolved at least 3x: once in Limnozetoidea (including only freshwater taxa) and at least twice in Ameronothroidea. In Ameronothroidea the taxon Ameronothridae n. gen. (nr. Aquanothrus) colonized fresh water independently from Selenoribatidae and Fortuyniidae (mainly marine Ameronothroidea). Reproductive mode was associated neither with marine nor with freshwater life; rather, in both habitats sexual and parthenogenetic taxa occur. However, the reproductive mode was related to the stability of the habitat. Species that live underwater permanently tend to be parthenogenetic whereas taxa whose life cycle is often interrupted by flooding, such as marine oribatid mites, or by desiccation, e.g., freshwater-living Ameronothridae n. gen. (nr. Aquanothrus) (Ameronothroidea) species, are mainly sexual, indicating that continuous access to resources indeed favours parthenogenetic reproduction. Findings of our study therefore suggest that parthenogenetic reproduction is not selected for by disturbances but by unlimited access to resources."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1007/s10493-016-0089-3"],["dc.identifier.isi","000388185600004"],["dc.identifier.pmid","27785647"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/38889"],["dc.notes.status","zu prüfen"],["dc.notes.submitter","Najko"],["dc.publisher","Springer"],["dc.relation.issn","1572-9702"],["dc.relation.issn","0168-8162"],["dc.title","Convergent evolution of aquatic life by sexual and parthenogenetic oribatid mites"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","yes"],["dc.type.status","published"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","309"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","2"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Acarologia"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","322"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","57"],["dc.contributor.author","Pachl, Patrick"],["dc.contributor.author","Lindl, Ann Christin"],["dc.contributor.author","Krause, Alena"],["dc.contributor.author","Scheu, Stefan"],["dc.contributor.author","Schaefer, Ina"],["dc.contributor.author","Maraun, Mark"],["dc.date.accessioned","2018-11-07T10:28:36Z"],["dc.date.available","2018-11-07T10:28:36Z"],["dc.date.issued","2017"],["dc.description.abstract","Diversity of most animal and plant taxa increases towards the equator. The reasons for this pattern are manifold, but their relative importance is controversial. Understanding of the radiation of animal taxa is needed to uncover the mechanisms underlying latitudinal gradients in biodiversity. Species may have evolved more quickly in tropical regions, suggesting that the tropics function as cradle of diversity, or they may have survived in the tropics for longer periods of time as compared to higher latitude biomes, suggesting that the tropics function as a museum of diversity. We used oribatid mites as a model group to investigate if the high species number of this mainly soil-living taxon can be explained by the cradle or museum hypothesis. We analyzed oribatid mite communities in tropical and temperate forest ecosystems, sequenced 18S and part of the 28S rDNA of common species, and constructed phylogenetic trees using Bayesian Inference and Maximum Likelihood algorithms. Then, we mapped the distribution of species (tropical, temperate, cosmopolitan) onto the phylogenetic tree. Most tropical oribatid mite taxa formed terminal branches indicating that the high diversity of oribatid mites in tropical regions is due to recent radiation, supporting the hypothesis that the tropics function as a cradle of oribatid mite diversity. Further, the results suggest that most early-derivative oribatid mite taxa are cosmopolitan indicating that they evolved on a large ancient continent. Overall, our results support the view that oribatid mites are a very old taxon which radiated intensively in tropical regions, but their origin predates the existence of the tropical regions of today."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1051/acarologia/20164148"],["dc.identifier.isi","000402542100008"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/43459"],["dc.notes.status","zu prüfen"],["dc.notes.submitter","PUB_WoS_Import"],["dc.publisher","Acarologia-universite Paul Valery"],["dc.relation.issn","2107-7207"],["dc.relation.issn","0044-586X"],["dc.title","The tropics as an ancient cradle of oribatid mite diversity"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","yes"],["dc.type.status","published"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]