Dittert, Klaus

[["dc.contributor.author","Rummel, Pauline Sophie"],["dc.contributor.author","Pfeiffer, Birgit"],["dc.contributor.author","Pausch, Johanna"],["dc.contributor.author","Well, Reinhard"],["dc.contributor.author","Schneider, Dominik"],["dc.contributor.author","Dittert, Klaus"],["dc.date.accessioned","2020-05-27T11:48:41Z"],["dc.date.accessioned","2021-10-27T13:20:18Z"],["dc.date.available","2020-05-27T11:48:41Z"],["dc.date.available","2021-10-27T13:20:18Z"],["dc.date.issued","2020"],["dc.description.abstract","Chemical composition of root and shoot litter controls decomposition and, subsequently, C availability for biological nitrogen transformation processes in soils. While aboveground plant residues have been proven to increase $ emissions, studies on root litter effects are scarce. This study aimed (1) to evaluate how fresh maize root litter affects $ emissions compared to fresh maize shoot litter, (2) to assess whether $ emissions are related to the interaction of C and N mineralization from soil and litter, and (3) to analyze changes in soil microbial community structures related to litter input and $ emissions. To obtain root and shoot litter, maize plants (Zea mays L.) were cultivated with two N fertilizer levels in a greenhouse and harvested. A two-factorial 22 d laboratory incubation experiment was set up with soil from both N levels (N1, N2) and three litter addition treatments (control, root, root + shoot). We measured $ and $ fluxes, analyzed soil mineral N and water-extractable organic C (WEOC) concentrations, and determined quality parameters of maize litter. Bacterial community structures were analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Maize litter quality controlled ^−_3$ and WEOC availability and decomposition-related $ emissions. Emissions induced by maize root litter remained low, while high bioavailability of maize shoot litter strongly increased $ and $ emissions when both root and shoot litter were added. We identified a strong positive correlation between cumulative $ and $ emissions, supporting our hypothesis that litter quality affects denitrification by creating plant-litter-associated anaerobic microsites. The interdependency of C and N availability was validated by analyses of regression. Moreover, there was a strong positive interaction between soil ^−_3$ and WEOC concentration resulting in much higher $ emissions, when both ^−_3$ and WEOC were available. A significant correlation was observed between total $ and $ emissions, the soil bacterial community composition, and the litter level, showing a clear separation of root + shoot samples of all remaining samples. Bacterial diversity decreased with higher N level and higher input of easily available C. Altogether, changes in bacterial community structure reflected degradability of maize litter with easily degradable C from maize shoot litter favoring fast-growing C-cycling and N-reducing bacteria of the phyla Actinobacteria, Chloroflexi, Firmicutes, and Proteobacteria. In conclusion, litter quality is a major driver of $ and $ emissions from crop residues, especially when soil mineral N is limited."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.5194/bg-2019-320"],["dc.identifier.doi","10.5194/bg-2019-320-supplement"],["dc.identifier.purl","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gs-1/17344"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/91954"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.intern","Migrated from goescholar"],["dc.relation.orgunit","Fakultät für Agrarwissenschaften"],["dc.rights","CC BY 4.0"],["dc.rights.access","openAccess"],["dc.rights.uri","https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"],["dc.subject","NITROUS-OXIDE EMISSIONS; CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION; MICROBIAL BIOMASS; CROP RESIDUES; SP-NOV.; HETEROTROPHIC NITRIFICATION; NITRIFIER DENITRIFICATION; CARBON MINERALIZATION; AGROFORESTRY RESIDUES; BIOCHEMICAL QUALITY"],["dc.subject.ddc","630"],["dc.title","Maize root and shoot litter quality controls short-term $ and $ emissions and bacterial community structure of arable soil"],["dc.type","preprint"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","yes"],["dc.type.version","published_version"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","57"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","69"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","249"],["dc.contributor.author","Ruser, Reiner"],["dc.contributor.author","Fuß, Roland"],["dc.contributor.author","Andres, Monique"],["dc.contributor.author","Hegewald, Hannes"],["dc.contributor.author","Kesenheimer, Katharina"],["dc.contributor.author","Köbke, Sarah"],["dc.contributor.author","Räbiger, Thomas"],["dc.contributor.author","Quinones, Teresa Suarez"],["dc.contributor.author","Augustin, Jürgen"],["dc.contributor.author","Christen, Olaf"],["dc.contributor.author","Dittert, Klaus"],["dc.contributor.author","Kage, Henning"],["dc.contributor.author","Lewandowski, Iris"],["dc.contributor.author","Prochnow, Annette"],["dc.contributor.author","Stichnothe, Heinz"],["dc.contributor.author","Flessa, Heinz"],["dc.date.accessioned","2019-07-09T11:44:51Z"],["dc.date.available","2019-07-09T11:44:51Z"],["dc.date.issued","2017"],["dc.description.abstract","Winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus L., WOSR) is the major oil crop cultivated in Europe. Rapeseed oil is predominantly used for production of biodiesel. The framework of the European Renewable Energy Directive requires that use of biofuels achieves GHG savings of at least 50% compared to use of fossil fuel starting in 2018. However, N2O field emissions are estimated using emission factors that are not specific for the crop and associated with strong uncertainty. N2O field emissions are controlled by N fertilization and dominate the GHG balance of WOSR cropping due to the high global warming potential of N2O. Thus, field experiments were conducted to increase the data basis and subsequently derive a new WOSR-specific emission factor. N2O emissions and crop yields were monitored for three years over a range of N fertilization intensities at five study sites representative of German WOSR production. N2O fluxes exhibited the typical high spatial and temporal variability in dependence on soil texture, weather and nitrogen availability. The annual N2O emissions ranged between 0.24 kg and 5.48 kg N2O-N ha−1 a−1. N fertilization increased N2O emissions, particularly with the highest N treatment (240 kg N ha−1). Oil yield increased up to a fertilizer amount of 120 kg N ha−1, higher N-doses increased grain yield but decreased oil concentrations in the seeds. Consequently oil yield remained constant at higher N fertilization. Since, yield-related emission also increased exponentially with N surpluses, there is potential for reduction of the N fertilizer rate, which offers perspectives for the mitigation of GHG emissions. Our measurements double the published data basis of annual N2O flux measurements in WOSR. Based on this extended dataset we modeled the relationship between N2O emissions and fertilizer N input using an exponential model. The corresponding new N2O emission factor was 0.6% of applied fertilizer N for a common N fertilizer amount under best management practice in WOSR production (200 kg N ha−1 a−1). This factor is substantially lower than the linear IPCC Tier 1 factor (EF1) of 1.0% and other models that have been proposed."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1016/j.agee.2017.07.039"],["dc.identifier.purl","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gs-1/14925"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/59111"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.intern","Merged from goescholar"],["dc.relation.issn","0167-8809"],["dc.rights","CC BY 4.0"],["dc.rights.uri","https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"],["dc.subject.ddc","630"],["dc.title","Nitrous oxide emissions from winter oilseed rape cultivation"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.version","published_version"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]