Schaumburg, Frieder

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.artnumber","e78046"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","10"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","PLOS ONE"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","8"],["dc.contributor.author","Schaumburg, Frieder"],["dc.contributor.author","Mugisha, Lawrence"],["dc.contributor.author","Kappeler, Peter"],["dc.contributor.author","Fichtel, Claudia"],["dc.contributor.author","Köck, Robin"],["dc.contributor.author","Koendgen, Sophie"],["dc.contributor.author","Becker, Karsten"],["dc.contributor.author","Boesch, Christophe"],["dc.contributor.author","Peters, Georg"],["dc.contributor.author","Leendertz, Fabian H."],["dc.date.accessioned","2017-09-07T11:47:07Z"],["dc.date.available","2017-09-07T11:47:07Z"],["dc.date.issued","2013"],["dc.description.abstract","INTRODUCTION:Reintroduction of endangered animals as part of conservational programs bears the risk of importing human pathogens from the sanctuary to the natural habitat. One bacterial pathogen that serves as a model organism to analyze this transmission is Staphylococcus aureus as it can colonize and infect both humans and animals. The aim of this study was to evaluate the utility of various biological samples to monitor S. aureus colonization in great apes and lemurs.METHODS:Mucosal swabs from wild lemurs (n=25, Kirindy, Madagascar), feces, oral and genital swabs from captive chimpanzees (n=58, Ngamba and Entebbe, Uganda) and fruit wadges and feces from wild chimpanzees (n=21, Taï National Parc, Côte d'Ivoire) were screened for S. aureus. Antimicrobial resistance and selected virulence factors were tested for each isolate. Sequence based genotyping (spa typing, multilocus sequence typing) was applied to assess the population structure of S. aureus.RESULTS:Oro-pharyngeal carriage of S. aureus was high in lemurs (72%, n=18) and captive chimpanzees (69.2%, n=27 and 100%, n=6, respectively). Wild chimpanzees shed S. aureus through feces (43.8, n=7) and fruit wadges (54.5, n=12). Analysis of multiple sampling revealed that two samples are sufficient to detect those animals which shed S. aureus through feces or fruit wadges. Genotyping showed that captive animals are more frequently colonized with human-associated S. aureus lineages.CONCLUSION:Oro-pharyngeal swabs are useful to screen for S. aureus colonization in apes and lemurs before reintroduction. Duplicates of stool and fruit wadges reliably detect S. aureus shedding in wild chimpanzees. We propose to apply these sampling strategies in future reintroduction programs to screen for S. aureus colonization. They may also be useful to monitor S. aureus in wild populations."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1371/journal.pone.0078046"],["dc.identifier.gro","3150621"],["dc.identifier.pmid","24205084"],["dc.identifier.purl","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gs-1/9422"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/7399"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.intern","Merged from goescholar"],["dc.notes.status","final"],["dc.relation.haserratum","/handle/2/13103"],["dc.relation.issn","1932-6203"],["dc.rights","CC BY 2.5"],["dc.rights.uri","https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5"],["dc.title","Evaluation of Non-Invasive Biological Samples to Monitor Staphylococcus aureus Colonization in Great Apes and Lemurs"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","unknown"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","no"],["dc.type.version","published_version"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","150"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","5"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Microbial Cell"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","162"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","2"],["dc.contributor.author","Graumann, Kristin"],["dc.contributor.author","Schaumburg, Frieder"],["dc.contributor.author","Reubold, Thomas"],["dc.contributor.author","Hippe, Diana"],["dc.contributor.author","Eschenburg, Susanne"],["dc.contributor.author","Lüder, Carsten G. K."],["dc.date.accessioned","2019-07-09T11:42:42Z"],["dc.date.available","2019-07-09T11:42:42Z"],["dc.date.issued","2015"],["dc.description.abstract","Inhibition of programmed cell death pathways of mammalian cells often facilitates the sustained survival of intracellular microorganisms. The apicomplexan parasite Toxoplasma gondii is a master regulator of host cell apoptotic pathways. Here, we have characterized a novel anti-apoptotic activity of T. gondii. Using a cell-free cytosolic extract model, we show that T. gondii interferes with the activities of caspase 9 and caspase 3/7 which have been induced by exogenous cytochrome c and dATP. Proteolytic cleavage of caspases 9 and 3 is also diminished suggesting inhibition of holo-apoptosome function. Parasite infection of Jurkat T cells and subsequent triggering of apoptosome formation by exogenous cytochrome c in vitro and in vivo indicated that T. gondii also interferes with caspase activation in infected cells. Importantly, parasite inhibition of cytochrome c-induced caspase activation considerably contributes to the overall anti-apoptotic activity of T. gondii as observed in staurosporine-treated cells. Co-immunoprecipitation showed that T. gondii abolishes binding of caspase 9 to Apaf-1 whereas the interaction of cytochrome c with Apaf-1 remains unchanged. Finally, T. gondii lysate mimics the effect of viable parasites and prevents holo-apoptosome functionality in a reconstituted in vitro system comprising recombinant Apaf-1 and caspase 9. Beside inhibition of cytochrome c release from host cell mitochondria, T. gondii thus also targets the holo-apoptosome assembly as a second mean to efficiently inhibit the caspase-dependent intrinsic cell death pathway."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.15698/mic2015.05.201"],["dc.identifier.fs","618353"],["dc.identifier.purl","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gs-1/13656"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/58731"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.intern","Merged from goescholar"],["dc.notes.status","final"],["dc.relation.issn","2311-2638"],["dc.rights","Goescholar"],["dc.rights.uri","https://goescholar.uni-goettingen.de/licenses"],["dc.title","Toxoplasma gondii inhibits cytochrome c-induced caspase activation in its host cell by interference with holo-apoptosome assembly"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.version","published_version"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]