Thelen, Paul

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","3"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","European Urology Supplements"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","7"],["dc.contributor.author","Possner, Maria"],["dc.contributor.author","Kaulfuss, Silke"],["dc.contributor.author","Strauss, A."],["dc.contributor.author","Schulz, W."],["dc.contributor.author","Ringert, Rolf-Hermann"],["dc.contributor.author","Thelen, Paul"],["dc.date.accessioned","2018-11-07T11:17:35Z"],["dc.date.available","2018-11-07T11:17:35Z"],["dc.date.issued","2008"],["dc.format.extent","173"],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1016/S1569-9056(08)60407-8"],["dc.identifier.isi","000253839800404"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/54838"],["dc.notes.status","zu prüfen"],["dc.notes.submitter","Najko"],["dc.publisher","Elsevier Science Bv"],["dc.publisher.place","Amsterdam"],["dc.relation.issn","1569-9056"],["dc.title","Functional analysis of NKX3.1 by RNA interference in LNCaP prostate cancer cells"],["dc.type","conference_abstract"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","yes"],["dc.type.status","published"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","1261"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","9"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Der Urologe"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","+"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","51"],["dc.contributor.author","Loertzer, Hagen"],["dc.contributor.author","Schneider, P."],["dc.contributor.author","Thelen, Paul"],["dc.contributor.author","Ringert, Rolf-Hermann"],["dc.contributor.author","Strauss, A."],["dc.date.accessioned","2018-11-07T09:06:35Z"],["dc.date.available","2018-11-07T09:06:35Z"],["dc.date.issued","2012"],["dc.description.abstract","In prolapse surgery several surgical techniques are available. The different open, laparoscopic and vaginal approaches are distinguished by distinct success and relapse rates and operation-specific complications. A safe and optimal therapeutic pelvic floor surgery should be based on the three support levels according to DeLancy and be individually adjusted for every patient. The vaginal approach may be used for all kinds of female genital prolapse and is a comparatively less invasive technique with a short time of convalescence. Apart from stress incontinence there is no need for synthetic meshes in primary approaches and excellent results with low complication and relapse rates can be achieved. An uncritical application of synthetic material is to be avoided in vaginal repair at all times. Abdominal surgical techniques, both open and laparoscopic, present their strengths in the therapeutic approach to level 1 defects or stress incontinence. They provide excellent functional and anatomical corrections and low relapse rates. Abdominally inserted meshes have lower complication rates than vaginal ones."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1007/s00120-012-2869-7"],["dc.identifier.isi","000308665900010"],["dc.identifier.pmid","22526180"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/25592"],["dc.notes.status","zu prüfen"],["dc.notes.submitter","Najko"],["dc.publisher","Springer"],["dc.publisher.place","Heidelberg"],["dc.relation.issn","0340-2592"],["dc.title","Prolapse surgery. With abdominal or vaginal meshes?"],["dc.type","review"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","yes"],["dc.type.status","published"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","1124"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","9"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Der Urologe"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","1130"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","49"],["dc.contributor.author","Thelen, Paul"],["dc.contributor.author","Strauss, A."],["dc.contributor.author","Stettner, Mark"],["dc.contributor.author","Kaulfuss, Silke"],["dc.contributor.author","Ringert, Rolf-Hermann"],["dc.contributor.author","Loertzer, Hagen"],["dc.date.accessioned","2018-11-07T08:40:13Z"],["dc.date.available","2018-11-07T08:40:13Z"],["dc.date.issued","2010"],["dc.description.abstract","In advanced prostate cancer, albeit castration resistant, an active androgen receptor is still pivotal for growth and cell survival. Recent therapies involving more effective antiandrogens such as MDV3100 proved to be successful. Furthermore, blocking de novo intracrine androgen synthesis, e.g. with abiraterone acetate, provides additional benefit. Besides these antiandrogen measures, compounds which enable the reconstitution of the oestrogen receptor beta as a tumour suppressor restrain aberrant androgen receptor signalling."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1007/s00120-010-2370-0"],["dc.identifier.isi","000281611000003"],["dc.identifier.pmid","20725712"],["dc.identifier.purl","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gs-1/7794"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/19177"],["dc.notes.intern","Merged from goescholar"],["dc.notes.status","zu prüfen"],["dc.notes.submitter","Najko"],["dc.publisher","Springer"],["dc.publisher.place","Heidelberg"],["dc.relation.issn","1433-0563"],["dc.rights","Goescholar"],["dc.rights.uri","https://goescholar.uni-goettingen.de/licenses"],["dc.title","Antiandrogen strategies in prostate cancer Reconstitution of the beta-Ostrogenrezeptors"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","yes"],["dc.type.status","published"],["dc.type.version","published_version"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","2626"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","10"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Molecular Cancer Therapeutics"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","2633"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","6"],["dc.contributor.author","Stettner, Mark"],["dc.contributor.author","Kaulfuss, Silke"],["dc.contributor.author","Burfeind, Peter"],["dc.contributor.author","Schweyer, Stefan"],["dc.contributor.author","Strauss, Arne"],["dc.contributor.author","Ringert, Rolf-Hermann"],["dc.contributor.author","Thelen, Paul"],["dc.date.accessioned","2018-11-07T10:58:18Z"],["dc.date.available","2018-11-07T10:58:18Z"],["dc.date.issued","2007"],["dc.description.abstract","In the prostate, estrogen receptor beta (ER beta), the preferred receptor for phytoestrogens, has features of a tumor suppressor. To investigate the mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects on prostate cancer of histone deacetylase inhibitor valproic acid (VPA) and phytoestrogen tectorigenin, we analyzed the expression of ER after tectorigenin or VPA treatment. For further functional analysis, we knocked down ER beta expression by RNA interference. LNCaP prostate cancer cells were treated with 5 mmol/L VPA or 100 mu mol/L tectorigenin and transfected with small interfering RNA (siRNA) against ER beta. Control transfections were done with luciferase (LUC) siRNA. Expression of ER beta was assessed by Western blot. mRNA expression was quantitated by real-time reverse transcription-PCR. Expression of ER beta mRNA and protein markedly increased after VPA or tectorigenin treatment. When ER beta was knocked down by siRNA, the expression of prostate-derived Ets factor, prostate-specific antigen, prostate cancer-specific indicator gene DD3(PCA3), insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor, the catalytic subunit of the telomerase, and ER beta was up-regulated and the tectorigenin effects were abrogated. ER beta levels were diminished in prostate cancer and loss of ER beta was associated with proliferation. Here, we show that siRNA-mediated knockdown of ER beta increases the expression of genes highly relevant to tumor cell proliferation. In addition, we show that one prominent result of treatment with VPA or tectorigenin is the up-regulation of ER beta resulting in antiproliferative effects. Thus, these drugs, by restoring the regulatory function of ER in tumor cells, could become useful in the intervention of prostate cancer."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-07-0197"],["dc.identifier.isi","000250252100003"],["dc.identifier.pmid","17913855"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/50445"],["dc.notes.status","zu prüfen"],["dc.notes.submitter","Najko"],["dc.publisher","Amer Assoc Cancer Research"],["dc.relation.issn","1535-7163"],["dc.title","The relevance of estrogen receptor-beta expression to the antiproliferative effects observed with histone deacetylase inhibitors and phytoestrogens in prostate cancer treatment"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","yes"],["dc.type.status","published"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","1240"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","9"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Der Urologe"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","1245"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","51"],["dc.contributor.author","Thelen, Paul"],["dc.contributor.author","Ringert, Rolf-Hermann"],["dc.contributor.author","Loertzer, Hagen"],["dc.contributor.author","Strauss, A."],["dc.date.accessioned","2018-11-07T09:06:34Z"],["dc.date.available","2018-11-07T09:06:34Z"],["dc.date.issued","2012"],["dc.description.abstract","Androgen deprivation is the predominant therapy for advanced prostate cancer. There is accumulating evidence that phases of intermission in androgen deprivation may have benefits regarding side effects, albeit there is as yet no general recommendation for intermittent androgen deprivation therapy. Recent systematic reviews at least substantiate a benefit from such regimens for general quality of life without therapy compromisation. In addition, preclinical data revealed further potential strategies for intermittent androgen deprivation therapy. Future studies must prove, however, that such approaches can be implemented in the clinical situation."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1007/s00120-012-2870-1"],["dc.identifier.isi","000308665900007"],["dc.identifier.pmid","22526181"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/25591"],["dc.notes.status","zu prüfen"],["dc.notes.submitter","Najko"],["dc.publisher","Springer"],["dc.publisher.place","Heidelberg"],["dc.relation.issn","1433-0563"],["dc.relation.issn","0340-2592"],["dc.title","Intermittent androgen deprivation as therapy for androgen-sensitive prostate cancer. Sense or nonsense?"],["dc.type","review"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","yes"],["dc.type.status","published"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","2915"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","4B"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Anticancer Research"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","2920"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","21"],["dc.contributor.author","Efferth, T."],["dc.contributor.author","Schulten, H. G."],["dc.contributor.author","Thelen, Paul"],["dc.contributor.author","Bode, M. E."],["dc.contributor.author","Beniers, AJMC"],["dc.contributor.author","Granzen, Bernd"],["dc.contributor.author","Ringert, Rolf-Hermann"],["dc.contributor.author","Mertens, R."],["dc.contributor.author","Gefeller, Olaf"],["dc.contributor.author","Jakse, G."],["dc.contributor.author","Fuzesi, Laszlo"],["dc.date.accessioned","2018-11-07T08:53:28Z"],["dc.date.available","2018-11-07T08:53:28Z"],["dc.date.issued","2001"],["dc.description.abstract","Nephroblastomas (Wilms' tumors) are curable with survival rates above 80%. Nevertheless, some tumors fail to respond to therapy and those patients have a poor prognosis. Prognostic factors for nephroblastomas have still not been satisfactorily explored. In an effort to unravel molecular markers for non-responding nephroblastomas, we investigated by means of immunohistochemistry the expression of heat-shock protein 70 (HSP70) in formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissue samples from 32 children afflicted with nephroblastoma. The results were validated using real-time RT-PCR. HSP70 expression was confined to blastemal and epithelial components, while the tumor stroma was negative. HSP70 expression was greater, if the tumors had been chemotherapeutically treated prior to operation, indicating that cytostatic drugs induce HSP70. Furthermore, high HSP70 expression was confined to tumors from children who survived, whereas tumors from dead patients were negative or weakly-positive for HSP70. Though the number of cases analyzed was small, they provide an indication that HSP70 expression may be of prognostic value."],["dc.identifier.isi","000171985000010"],["dc.identifier.pmid","11712786"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/22418"],["dc.notes.status","zu prüfen"],["dc.notes.submitter","Najko"],["dc.publisher","Int Inst Anticancer Research"],["dc.relation.issn","0250-7005"],["dc.title","Differential expression of the heat shock protein 70 in the histological compartments of nephroblastomas"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","yes"],["dc.type.status","published"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","1085"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","5"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","International Journal of Oncology"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","1092"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","24"],["dc.contributor.author","Thelen, Paul"],["dc.contributor.author","Burfeind, Peter"],["dc.contributor.author","Grzmil, M."],["dc.contributor.author","Voigt, S."],["dc.contributor.author","Ringert, Rolf-Hermann"],["dc.contributor.author","Hemmerlein, Bernhard"],["dc.date.accessioned","2018-11-07T10:49:16Z"],["dc.date.available","2018-11-07T10:49:16Z"],["dc.date.issued","2004"],["dc.description.abstract","Laser microdissection is a valuable tool to prepare pure cell populations from complex tissues for further analyses. Gene expression studies by real-time RT-PCR and cDNA arrays of microdissected tissues are becoming widely used methods. The integrity and quantity of prepared RNA must be proven to ensure reliable results in subsequent applications such as quantitative RT-PCR and cDNA-arrays. In the present study we used RNAlater(TM) protected prostate tissue for laser microdissection of tumor and tumor-free tissues. RNA quality and quantity was assessed using automated capillary gel electrophoresis. By using quantitative real time-RT-PCR before and after mRNA amplification the insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) gene expression was shown to be down-regulated in three out of five cases and DD3 was up-regulated in cancer tissues in all cases. The up-regulation of DD3 and the down-regulation of IGFBP-3 gene expression in cancer tissue were conserved after RNA amplification. A cDNA microarray also revealed an IGFBP-3 down-regulation in cancer tissue as well as several genes known to be differerentially expressed in prostate cancer. Taken together, we present a novel method for the isolation of intact RNA from laser microdissection-derived prostate cancer tissue useful for downstream applications of real-time RT-PCR and cDNA microarrays."],["dc.identifier.isi","000220779700004"],["dc.identifier.pmid","15067329"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/48389"],["dc.notes.status","zu prüfen"],["dc.notes.submitter","Najko"],["dc.publisher","Professor D A Spandidos"],["dc.relation.issn","1019-6439"],["dc.title","cDNA microarray analysis with amplified RNA after isolation of intact cellular RNA from neoplastic and non-neoplastic prostate tissue separated by laser microdissections"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","yes"],["dc.type.status","published"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","645"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","5"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Virchows Archiv"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","652"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","439"],["dc.contributor.author","Hemmerlein, Bernhard"],["dc.contributor.author","Kugler, Alexander"],["dc.contributor.author","Özisik, Rehyan"],["dc.contributor.author","Ringert, Rolf-Hermann"],["dc.contributor.author","Radzun, Heinz-Joachim"],["dc.contributor.author","Thelen, Paul"],["dc.date.accessioned","2021-06-01T10:49:14Z"],["dc.date.available","2021-06-01T10:49:14Z"],["dc.date.issued","2001"],["dc.description.abstract","Rapidly growing tumors often develop necrosis. In the present study the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was investigated and compared to microvessel density and necrosis of renal cell carcinomas. In the tumor-host interface the microvessel density was significantly increased compared to central tumor areas. Tumor necrosis was associated with a decrease of microvessel density and an increase of the VEGF protein expression within the perinecrotic rim. VEGF protein was focally upregulated in vital tumor tissue. An increase of the apoptotic rate of endothelia and vital tumor tissue in tumors with necrosis could not be detected. VEGF((121,165)) mRNA was decreased in proliferatively active carcinomas compared to less proliferative tumors. Multicellular renal cell cancer spheroids as a model of chronic hypoxia developed central apoptosis but no necrosis. VEGF was upregulated in the spheroid. Tumor microvessels expressed matrix metalloproteinase -2 and -9 and an incomplete pericyte covering in comparison to tumor-free tissue indicating immature active angiogenesis. We conclude that highly proliferative renal cell carcinomas outgrow their vascular supply and develop chronic hypoxia inducing a decrease of proliferation and an increase of VEGF expression. However, chronic hypoxia does not cause significant necrosis or apoptosis. Tumor necrosis is more likely induced by acute hypoxia due to immature microvessels. Furthermore, VEGF expression associated with concomitant tumor necrosis may help identify renal cell carcinomas susceptible to antiangiogenic therapy."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1007/s004280100464"],["dc.identifier.isi","000172511300009"],["dc.identifier.pmid","11764385"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/86212"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.intern","DOI-Import GROB-425"],["dc.notes.status","zu prüfen"],["dc.notes.submitter","Najko"],["dc.publisher","Springer"],["dc.relation.eissn","1432-2307"],["dc.relation.issn","0945-6317"],["dc.title","Vascular endothelial growth factor expression, angiogenesis, and necrosis in renal cell carcinomas"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","yes"],["dc.type.status","published"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","1360"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","8"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Carcinogenesis"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","1367"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","26"],["dc.contributor.author","Thelen, Paul"],["dc.contributor.author","Scharf, Jens-Gerd"],["dc.contributor.author","Burfeind, Peter"],["dc.contributor.author","Hemmerlein, Bernhard"],["dc.contributor.author","Wuttke, Wolfgang"],["dc.contributor.author","Spengler, B."],["dc.contributor.author","Christoffel, V."],["dc.contributor.author","Ringert, Rolf-Hermann"],["dc.contributor.author","Seidlova-Wuttke, Dana"],["dc.date.accessioned","2018-11-07T10:56:59Z"],["dc.date.available","2018-11-07T10:56:59Z"],["dc.date.issued","2005"],["dc.description.abstract","Isoflavones have been shown to exert antiproliferative effects on cancer cells by steroid receptor signaling. In this study, we demonstrate the potential of plant constituents extracted from Belamcanda chinensis as anticancer drugs, which regulate the aberrant expression of genes relevant in proliferation, invasion, immortalization and apoptosis. LNCaP cells were treated with B.chinensis extract, tectorigenin or other isoflavones and mRNA expression was quantified by using real time RT-PCR. In addition, ELISA, TRAP assays and western blots were used to measure protein expression or activity. Male nude mice (n = 18) were injected subcutaneously with LNCaP cells and were fed with extracts from B.chinensis, and tumor development was monitored versus a control animal group (n = 18). Tectorigenin and several other phytochemicals downregulated PDEF, PSA and IGF-1 receptor mRNA expression in vitro. Furthermore, PSA secretion and IGF-1 receptor protein expression were diminished, and hTERT mRNA expression and telomerase activity decreased after tectorigenin treatments. However, TIMP-3 mRNA was upregulated on tectorigenin treatment. Growth of subcutaneous tumors in nude mice was delayed and diminished in animals fed with extracts from B.chinensis. The downregulation of PDEF, PSA, hTERT and IGF-1 receptor gene expression by tectorigenin demonstrates the antiproliferative potential of these agents. The upregulation of TIMP-3 gene expression indicates a pro-apoptotic function of the drug and a reduction of the invasiveness of tumors. The animal experiments demonstrate that B.chinensis markedly inhibited the development of tumors in vivo. Thus, these compounds may be useful for the prevention or treatment of human prostate cancer."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1093/carcin/bgi092"],["dc.identifier.isi","000230724700006"],["dc.identifier.pmid","15845653"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/50140"],["dc.notes.status","zu prüfen"],["dc.notes.submitter","Najko"],["dc.publisher","Oxford Univ Press"],["dc.relation.issn","0143-3334"],["dc.title","Tectorigenin and other phytochemicals extracted from leopard lily Belamcanda chinensis affect new and established targets for therapies in prostate cancer"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","yes"],["dc.type.status","published"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","104"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","2"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","UROLOGICAL RESEARCH"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","109"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","28"],["dc.contributor.author","Seseke, Florian"],["dc.contributor.author","Thelen, Paul"],["dc.contributor.author","Hemmerlein, Bernhard"],["dc.contributor.author","Kliese, D."],["dc.contributor.author","Zoller, G."],["dc.contributor.author","Ringert, Rolf-Hermann"],["dc.date.accessioned","2018-11-07T08:35:06Z"],["dc.date.available","2018-11-07T08:35:06Z"],["dc.date.issued","2000"],["dc.description.abstract","Partial obstruction of the upper urinary tract, a frequent challenge for the pediatric urologist, leads to renal damage, if deobstruction is delayed. Several but sometimes unsatisfactory animal models have been developed to study this phenomenon. Obstruction created by surgical manipulation lacks adequate correlation with a developing congenital obstruction. In some animals with congenital hydronephrosis, evidence of renal obstruction is absent. A study of the renal morphology of rats with hereditary unilateral hydronephrosis has exhibited clear evidence of renal obstruction distinguishable from renal dilation. The renal mRNA expression of renin and transforming-growth factor-beta(1) (TGF-beta(1)) was measured by a semiquantitative RT-PCR technique. In hydronephrotic kidneys, a marked loss of parenchyma, atrophy and dilation of tubuli and collecting ducts and interstitial fibrosis was observed. The mRNA expression of renin was increased significantly in comparison to controls, whereas the contralateral kidneys showed renin activity below control levels. TGF-beta(1) expression was markedly increased in hydronephrotic kidneys, whereas contralateral kidneys did not differ significantly from control values. These data suggest the presence of renal obstruction and not only renal dilatation in these rats with congenital hydronephrosis. This colony seems to be a representative animal model to study congenital renal obstruction even in the fetal period without the need of surgical manipulation."],["dc.identifier.isi","000086978700006"],["dc.identifier.pmid","10850632"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/17980"],["dc.notes.status","zu prüfen"],["dc.notes.submitter","Najko"],["dc.publisher","Springer"],["dc.relation.issn","0300-5623"],["dc.title","Histologic and molecular evidence of obstructive uropathy in rats with hereditary congenital hydronephrosis"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","yes"],["dc.type.status","published"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]