Tylianakis, Jason M.

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","383"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","404"],["dc.contributor.author","Tscharntke, Teja"],["dc.contributor.author","Tylianakis, Jason M."],["dc.contributor.author","Wade, Mark R."],["dc.contributor.author","Wratten, Steve D."],["dc.contributor.author","Bengtsson, Jan"],["dc.contributor.author","Kleijn, David"],["dc.contributor.editor","Stewart, Alan"],["dc.date.accessioned","2017-09-07T11:50:52Z"],["dc.date.available","2017-09-07T11:50:52Z"],["dc.date.issued","2009"],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1079/9781845932541.0383"],["dc.identifier.gro","3149942"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/6655"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.status","final"],["dc.notes.submitter","chake"],["dc.publisher","CABI"],["dc.publisher.place","Wallingford"],["dc.relation.isbn","978-1-84593-254-1"],["dc.relation.ispartof","Insect conservation biology. Proceedings of the Royal Entomological Society’s 23rd Symposium"],["dc.title","Insect conservation in agricultural landscapes"],["dc.type","book_chapter"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","no"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.artnumber","e122"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","5"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","PLoS Biology"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","6"],["dc.contributor.author","Tylianakis, Jason M."],["dc.contributor.author","Rand, Tatyana A."],["dc.contributor.author","Kahmen, Ansgar"],["dc.contributor.author","Klein, Alexandra-Maria"],["dc.contributor.author","Buchmann, Nina"],["dc.contributor.author","Perner, Jörg"],["dc.contributor.author","Tscharntke, Teja"],["dc.date.accessioned","2017-09-07T11:53:49Z"],["dc.date.available","2017-09-07T11:53:49Z"],["dc.date.issued","2008"],["dc.description.abstract","Numerous recent studies have tested the effects of plant, pollinator, and predator diversity on primary productivity, pollination, and consumption, respectively. Many have shown a positive relationship, particularly in controlled experiments, but variability in results has emphasized the context-dependency of these relationships. Complementary resource use may lead to a positive relationship between diversity and these processes, but only when a diverse array of niches is available to be partitioned among species. Therefore, the slope of the diversity-function relationship may change across differing levels of heterogeneity, but empirical evaluations of this pattern are lacking. Here we examine three important functions/properties in different real world (i.e., nonexperimental) ecosystems: plant biomass in German grasslands, parasitism rates across five habitat types in coastal Ecuador, and coffee pollination in agroforestry systems in Indonesia. We use general linear and structural equation modeling to demonstrate that the effect of diversity on these processes is context dependent, such that the slope of this relationship increases in environments where limiting resources (soil nutrients, host insects, and coffee flowers, respectively) are spatially heterogeneous. These real world patterns, combined with previous experiments, suggest that biodiversity may have its greatest impact on the functioning of diverse, naturally heterogeneous ecosystems."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1371/journal.pbio.0060122"],["dc.identifier.gro","3149981"],["dc.identifier.purl","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gs-1/8444"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/6699"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.intern","Merged from goescholar"],["dc.notes.status","final"],["dc.relation.issn","1545-7885"],["dc.rights","CC BY 2.5"],["dc.rights.uri","https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5"],["dc.title","Resource Heterogeneity Moderates the Biodiversity-Function Relationship in Real World Ecosystems"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","unknown"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","no"],["dc.type.version","published_version"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","1399"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","8"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Biological Invasions"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","1409"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","10"],["dc.contributor.author","Bos, Merijn M."],["dc.contributor.author","Tylianakis, Jason M."],["dc.contributor.author","Steffan-Dewenter, Ingolf"],["dc.contributor.author","Tscharntke, Teja"],["dc.date.accessioned","2017-09-07T11:53:48Z"],["dc.date.available","2017-09-07T11:53:48Z"],["dc.date.issued","2008"],["dc.description.abstract","Throughout the tropics, agroforests are often the only remaining habitat with a considerable tree cover. Agroforestry systems can support high numbers of species and are therefore frequently heralded as the future for tropical biodiversity conservation. However, anthropogenic habitat modification can facilitate species invasions that may suppress native fauna. We compared the ant fauna of lower canopy trees in natural rainforest sites with that of cacao trees in agroforests in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia in order to assess the effects of agroforestry on occurrence of the Yellow Crazy Ant Anoplolepis gracilipes, a common invasive species in the area, and its effects on overall ant richness. The agroforests differed in the type of shade-tree composition, tree density, canopy cover, and distance to the village. On average, 43% of the species in agroforests also occurred in the lower canopy of nearby primary forest and the number of forest ant species that occurred on cacao trees was not related to agroforestry characteristics. However, A. gracilipes was the most common non-forest ant species, and forest ant richness decreased significantly with the presence of this species. Our results indicate that agroforestry may have promoted the occurrence of A. gracilipes, possibly because tree management in agroforests negatively affects ant species that depend on trees for nesting and foraging, whereas A. gracilipes is a generalist when it comes to nesting sites and food preference. Thus, agroforestry management that includes the thinning of tree stands can facilitate ant invasions, thereby threatening the potential of cultivated land for the conservation of tropical ant diversity."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1007/s10530-008-9215-4"],["dc.identifier.gro","3149970"],["dc.identifier.purl","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gs-1/6790"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/6686"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.intern","Merged from goescholar"],["dc.notes.status","public"],["dc.relation.issn","1387-3547"],["dc.rights","Goescholar"],["dc.rights.uri","https://goescholar.uni-goettingen.de/licenses"],["dc.subject","Agriculture; Biological invasion; Competition; Formicidae; Managed land; Microclimate; Interspecific interactions; Land use intensity"],["dc.title","The invasive Yellow Crazy Ant and the decline of forest ant diversity in Indonesian cacao agroforests"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","unknown"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","unknown"],["dc.type.version","published_version"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","174"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","2"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Nature Ecology & Evolution"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","176"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","4"],["dc.contributor.author","Harvey, Jeffrey A."],["dc.contributor.author","Heinen, Robin"],["dc.contributor.author","Armbrecht, Inge"],["dc.contributor.author","Basset, Yves"],["dc.contributor.author","Baxter-Gilbert, James H."],["dc.contributor.author","Bezemer, T. Martijn"],["dc.contributor.author","Böhm, Monika"],["dc.contributor.author","Bommarco, Riccardo"],["dc.contributor.author","Borges, Paulo A. V."],["dc.contributor.author","Cardoso, Pedro"],["dc.contributor.author","Clausnitzer, Viola"],["dc.contributor.author","Cornelisse, Tara"],["dc.contributor.author","Crone, Elizabeth E."],["dc.contributor.author","Dicke, Marcel"],["dc.contributor.author","Dijkstra, Klaas-Douwe B."],["dc.contributor.author","Dyer, Lee"],["dc.contributor.author","Ellers, Jacintha"],["dc.contributor.author","Fartmann, Thomas"],["dc.contributor.author","Forister, Mathew L."],["dc.contributor.author","Furlong, Michael J."],["dc.contributor.author","Garcia-Aguayo, Andres"],["dc.contributor.author","Gerlach, Justin"],["dc.contributor.author","Gols, Rieta"],["dc.contributor.author","Goulson, Dave"],["dc.contributor.author","Habel, Jan-Christian"],["dc.contributor.author","Haddad, Nick M."],["dc.contributor.author","Hallmann, Caspar A."],["dc.contributor.author","Henriques, Sérgio"],["dc.contributor.author","Herberstein, Marie E."],["dc.contributor.author","Hochkirch, Axel"],["dc.contributor.author","Hughes, Alice C."],["dc.contributor.author","Jepsen, Sarina"],["dc.contributor.author","Jones, T. Hefin"],["dc.contributor.author","Kaydan, Bora M."],["dc.contributor.author","Kleijn, David"],["dc.contributor.author","Klein, Alexandra-Maria"],["dc.contributor.author","Latty, Tanya"],["dc.contributor.author","Leather, Simon R."],["dc.contributor.author","Lewis, Sara M."],["dc.contributor.author","Lister, Bradford C."],["dc.contributor.author","Losey, John E."],["dc.contributor.author","Lowe, Elizabeth C."],["dc.contributor.author","Macadam, Craig R."],["dc.contributor.author","Montoya-Lerma, James"],["dc.contributor.author","Nagano, Christopher D."],["dc.contributor.author","Ogan, Sophie"],["dc.contributor.author","Orr, Michael C."],["dc.contributor.author","Painting, Christina J."],["dc.contributor.author","Pham, Thai-Hong"],["dc.contributor.author","Potts, Simon G."],["dc.contributor.author","Rauf, Aunu"],["dc.contributor.author","Roslin, Tomas L."],["dc.contributor.author","Samways, Michael J."],["dc.contributor.author","Sanchez-Bayo, Francisco"],["dc.contributor.author","Sar, Sim A."],["dc.contributor.author","Schultz, Cheryl B."],["dc.contributor.author","Soares, António O."],["dc.contributor.author","Thancharoen, Anchana"],["dc.contributor.author","Tscharntke, Teja"],["dc.contributor.author","Tylianakis, Jason M."],["dc.contributor.author","Umbers, Kate D. L."],["dc.contributor.author","Vet, Louise E. M."],["dc.contributor.author","Visser, Marcel E."],["dc.contributor.author","Vujic, Ante"],["dc.contributor.author","Wagner, David L."],["dc.contributor.author","WallisDeVries, Michiel F."],["dc.contributor.author","Westphal, Catrin"],["dc.contributor.author","White, Thomas E."],["dc.contributor.author","Wilkins, Vicky L."],["dc.contributor.author","Williams, Paul H."],["dc.contributor.author","Wyckhuys, Kris A. G."],["dc.contributor.author","Zhu, Zeng-Rong"],["dc.contributor.author","de Kroon, Hans"],["dc.date.accessioned","2020-12-10T18:09:56Z"],["dc.date.available","2020-12-10T18:09:56Z"],["dc.date.issued","2020"],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1038/s41559-019-1079-8"],["dc.identifier.eissn","2397-334X"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/73805"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.intern","DOI Import GROB-354"],["dc.title","International scientists formulate a roadmap for insect conservation and recovery"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","294"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","3"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Biological Control"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","309"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","43"],["dc.contributor.author","Tscharntke, Teja"],["dc.contributor.author","Bommarco, Riccardo"],["dc.contributor.author","Clough, Yann"],["dc.contributor.author","Crist, Thomas O."],["dc.contributor.author","Kleijn, David"],["dc.contributor.author","Rand, Tatyana A."],["dc.contributor.author","Tylianakis, Jason M."],["dc.contributor.author","van Nouhuys, Saskya"],["dc.contributor.author","Vidal, Stefan"],["dc.date.accessioned","2018-11-07T10:46:29Z"],["dc.date.available","2018-11-07T10:46:29Z"],["dc.date.issued","2007"],["dc.description.abstract","Conservation biological control in agroecosystems requires a landscape management perspective, because most arthropod species experience their habitat at spatial scales beyond the plot level, and there is spillover of natural enemies across the crop noncrop interface. The species pool in the surrounding landscape and the distance of crop from natural habitat are important for the conservation of enemy diversity and, in particular, the conservation of poorly-dispersing and specialized enemies. Hence, structurally complex landscapes with hi,gh habitat connectivity may enhance the probability of pest regulation. In contrast, generalist and highly vagile enemies may even A p rofit from the high primary productivity of crops at a landscape scale and their abundance may partly compensate for losses in enemy diversity. Conservation biological control also needs a multitrophic perspective. For example, entomopathogenic fungi, plant pathogens and endophytes as well as below- and above-ground microorganisms are known to influence pest-enemy interactions in ways that vary across spatiotemporal scales. Enemy distribution in agricultural landscapes is determined by beta diversity among patches. The diversity needed for conservation biological control may occur where patch heterogeneity at larger spatial scales is high. However, enemy communities in managed systems are more similar across space and time than those in natural systems, emphasizing the importance of natural habitat for a spillover of diverse enemies. According to the insurance hypothesis, species richness can buffer against spatiotemporal disturbances, thereby insuring functioning in changing environments. Seemingly redundant enemy species may become important under global change. Complex landscapes characterized by highly connected crop-noncrop mosaics may be best for long-term conservation biological control and sustainable crop production, but experimental evidence for detailed recommendations to design the composition and configuration of agricultural landscapes that maintain a diversity of generalist and specialist natural enemies is still needed. (c) 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1016/j.biocontrol.2007.08.006"],["dc.identifier.isi","000251441800007"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/47757"],["dc.notes.status","zu prüfen"],["dc.notes.submitter","Najko"],["dc.publisher","Academic Press Inc Elsevier Science"],["dc.relation.issn","1049-9644"],["dc.title","Conservation biological control and enemy diversity on a landscape scale"],["dc.type","review"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","yes"],["dc.type.status","published"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","77"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Biological Control"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","86"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","75"],["dc.contributor.author","Tylianakis, Jason M."],["dc.contributor.author","Binzer, Amrei"],["dc.date.accessioned","2018-11-07T09:37:27Z"],["dc.date.available","2018-11-07T09:37:27Z"],["dc.date.issued","2014"],["dc.description.abstract","Global environmental changes threaten biodiversity and the interactions between species, and food-web approaches are being used increasingly to measure their community-wide impacts. Here we review how parasitoid host food webs affect biological control, and how their structure responds to environmental change. We find that land-use intensification tends to produce webs with low complexity and uneven interaction strengths. Dispersal, spatial arrangement of habitats, the species pool and community differences across habitats have all been found to determine how webs respond to landscape structure, though clear effects of landscape complexity on web structure remain elusive. The invasibility of web structures and response of food webs to invasion have been the subject of theoretical and empirical work respectively, and nutrient enrichment has been widely studied in the food-web literature, potentially driving dynamic instability and altering biomass ratios of different trophic levels. Combined with food-web changes observed under climate change, these responses of food webs could signal changes to biological control, though there have been surprisingly few studies linking food-web structure to pest control, and these have produced mixed results. However, there is strong potential for food-web approaches to add value to biological control research, as parasitoid host webs have been used to predict indirect effects among hosts that share enemies, to study non-target effects of biological control agents and to quantify the use of alternative prey resources by enemies. Future work is needed to link food-web interactions with evolutionary responses to the environment and predator prey interactions, while incorporating recent advances in predator biodiversity research. This holistic understanding of agroecosystem responses and functioning, made possible by food-web approaches, may hold the key to better management of biological control in changing environments. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1016/j.biocontrol.2013.10.003"],["dc.identifier.isi","000337996200009"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/32843"],["dc.notes.status","zu prüfen"],["dc.notes.submitter","Najko"],["dc.publisher","Academic Press Inc Elsevier Science"],["dc.relation.issn","1090-2112"],["dc.relation.issn","1049-9644"],["dc.title","Effects of global environmental changes on parasitoid-host food webs and biological control"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","yes"],["dc.type.status","published"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","689"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","12"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Trends in Ecology & Evolution"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","697"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","27"],["dc.contributor.author","Thompson, Ross M."],["dc.contributor.author","Brose, Ulrich"],["dc.contributor.author","Dunne, Jennifer A."],["dc.contributor.author","Hall, Robert O., Jr."],["dc.contributor.author","Hladyz, Sally"],["dc.contributor.author","Kitching, Roger L."],["dc.contributor.author","Martinez, Neo D."],["dc.contributor.author","Rantala, Heidi"],["dc.contributor.author","Romanuk, Tamara N."],["dc.contributor.author","Stouffer, Daniel B."],["dc.contributor.author","Tylianakis, Jason M."],["dc.date.accessioned","2018-11-07T09:02:37Z"],["dc.date.available","2018-11-07T09:02:37Z"],["dc.date.issued","2012"],["dc.description.abstract","The global biodiversity crisis concerns not only unprecedented loss of species within communities, but also related consequences for ecosystem function. Community ecology focuses on patterns of species richness and community composition, whereas ecosystem ecology focuses on fluxes of energy and materials. Food webs provide a quantitative framework to combine these approaches and unify the study of biodiversity and ecosystem function. We summarise the progression of food-web ecology and the challenges in using the food-web approach. We identify five areas of research where these advances can continue, and be applied to global challenges. Finally, we describe what data are needed in the next generation of food-web studies to reconcile the structure and function of biodiversity."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1016/j.tree.2012.08.005"],["dc.identifier.isi","000312512100011"],["dc.identifier.pmid","22959162"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/24725"],["dc.notes.status","zu prüfen"],["dc.notes.submitter","Najko"],["dc.publisher","Elsevier Science London"],["dc.relation.issn","1872-8383"],["dc.relation.issn","0169-5347"],["dc.title","Food webs: reconciling the structure and function of biodiversity"],["dc.type","review"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","yes"],["dc.type.status","published"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","755"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","3"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Oecologia"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","762"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","162"],["dc.contributor.author","Veddeler, Dorthe"],["dc.contributor.author","Tylianakis, Jason M."],["dc.contributor.author","Tscharntke, Teja"],["dc.contributor.author","Klein, Alexandra-Maria"],["dc.date.accessioned","2017-09-07T11:50:53Z"],["dc.date.available","2017-09-07T11:50:53Z"],["dc.date.issued","2010"],["dc.description.abstract","Biodiversity may enhance and stabilise ecosystem functioning, but little evidence exists for diversity-function relationships involving multitrophic interactions in real landscapes. In multitrophic communities diversity may vary at different trophic levels, with either synergistic or antagonistic effects on ecosystem functioning. Intensification of land-use systems is often found to reduce diversity, which in turn may lead to reduced associated ecological functions in natural food webs, such as host-parasite interactions. In this study we investigated the relationship between the number of natural enemy and host species and the mean rate and temporal variability of parasitism (inverse of stability), along an intensification gradient of coffee agroforests in Ecuador. We used standardised trap nests for bees and wasps and their natural enemies in 14 agroforests, and evaluated these monthly over a period of 17 months. We found that parasitism rates of wasps and bees increased with increasing number of enemy species and decreased with increasing number of host species. Temporal variability in parasitism rates decreased with increasing number of enemy species and increased with temporal variability in enemy species richness; however, these effects were restricted to wasp hosts. Intensification of agroforests did not significantly affect species richness of hosts or enemies or their relation to parasitism and its temporal variability. We conclude that high enemy diversity may enhance parasitism rates and that high host diversity may provide resistance against consumption. Furthermore, we show that a diverse and stable enemy community may also have a stabilizing effect on parasitism rates. However, these effects may be host-guild specific, as these relations were restricted to wasps."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1007/s00442-009-1491-x"],["dc.identifier.gro","3149935"],["dc.identifier.pmid","19924447"],["dc.identifier.purl","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?goescholar/4153"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/6647"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.intern","Merged from goescholar"],["dc.notes.status","final"],["dc.relation.issn","0029-8549"],["dc.rights","Goescholar"],["dc.rights.uri","https://goescholar.uni-goettingen.de/licenses"],["dc.subject","Land use; Biodiversity; Management; Pollinator; Predator"],["dc.title","Natural enemy diversity reduces temporal variability in wasp but not bee parasitism"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","no"],["dc.type.version","published_version"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","202"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","7124"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Nature"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","205"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","445"],["dc.contributor.author","Tylianakis, Jason M."],["dc.contributor.author","Tscharntke, Teja"],["dc.contributor.author","Lewis, Owen T."],["dc.date.accessioned","2017-09-07T11:50:03Z"],["dc.date.available","2017-09-07T11:50:03Z"],["dc.date.issued","2007"],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1038/nature05429"],["dc.identifier.gro","3149840"],["dc.identifier.pmid","17215842"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/6543"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.status","zu prüfen"],["dc.relation.issn","0028-0836"],["dc.title","Habitat modification alters the structure of tropical host–parasitoid food webs"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","unknown"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","yes"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","238"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","2"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Biological Control"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","253"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","45"],["dc.contributor.author","Tscharntke, Teja"],["dc.contributor.author","Bommarco, Riccardo"],["dc.contributor.author","Clough, Yann"],["dc.contributor.author","Crist, Thomas O."],["dc.contributor.author","Kleijn, David"],["dc.contributor.author","Rand, Tatyana A."],["dc.contributor.author","Tylianakis, Jason M."],["dc.contributor.author","van Nouhuys, Saskya"],["dc.contributor.author","Vidal, Stefan"],["dc.date.accessioned","2018-11-07T11:15:21Z"],["dc.date.available","2018-11-07T11:15:21Z"],["dc.date.issued","2008"],["dc.description.abstract","Conservation biological control in agroecosystems requires a landscape management perspective, because most arthropod species experience their habitat at spatial scales beyond the plot level, and there is spillover of natural enemies across the crop-noncrop interface. The species pool in the surrounding landscape and the distance of crop from natural habitat are important for the conservation of enemy diversity and, in particular, the conservation of poorly-dispersing and specialized enemies. Hence, structurally complex landscapes with high habitat connectivity may enhance the probability of pest regulation. In contrast, generalist and highly vagile enemies may even profit from the high primary productivity of crops at a landscape scale and their abundance may partly compensate for losses in enemy diversity. Conservation biological control also needs a multitrophic perspective. For example, entomopathogenic fungi, plant pathogens and endophytes as well as below- and above-ground microorganisms are known to influence pest-enemy interactions in ways that vary across spatiotemporal scales. Enemy distribution in agricultural landscapes is determined by beta diversity among patches. The diversity needed for conservation biological control may occur where patch heterogeneity at larger spatial scales is high. However, enemy communities in managed systems are more similar across space and time than those in natural systems, emphasizing the importance of natural habitat for a spillover of diverse enemies. According to the insurance hypothesis, species richness can buffer against spatiotemporal disturbances, thereby insuring functioning in changing environments. Seemingly redundant enemy species may become important under global change. Complex landscapes characterized by highly connected crop-noncrop mosaics may be best for long-term conservation biological control and sustainable crop production, but experimental evidence for detailed recommendations to design the composition and configuration of agricultural landscapes that maintain a diversity of generalist and specialist natural enemies is still needed. (C) 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1016/S1049-9644(08)00082-0"],["dc.identifier.isi","000255522700008"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/54346"],["dc.notes.status","zu prüfen"],["dc.notes.submitter","Najko"],["dc.publisher","Academic Press Inc Elsevier Science"],["dc.relation.issn","1049-9644"],["dc.title","Conservation biological control and enemy diversity on a landscape scale (Reprinted from Biol. Control, vol 43, pg 294-309, 2007)"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","yes"],["dc.type.status","published"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]