Palmer, Simon

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","486"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","2"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Consciousness and Cognition"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","503"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","22"],["dc.contributor.author","Palmer, Simon"],["dc.contributor.author","Mattler, Uwe"],["dc.date.accessioned","2017-09-07T11:51:37Z"],["dc.date.available","2017-09-07T11:51:37Z"],["dc.date.issued","2013"],["dc.description.abstract","Unconscious stimuli can influence participants’ motor behavior but also more complex mental processes. Recent research has gradually extended the limits of effects of unconscious stimuli. One field of research where such limits have been proposed is spatial cueing, where exogenous automatic shifts of attention have been distinguished from endogenous controlled processes which govern voluntary shifts of attention. Previous evidence suggests unconscious effects on mechanisms of exogenous shifts of attention. Here, we applied a cue-priming paradigm to a spatial cueing task with arbitrary cues by centrally presenting a masked symmetrical prime before every cue stimulus. We found priming effects on response times in target discrimination tasks with the typical dynamic of cue-priming effects (Experiments 1 and 2) indicating that central symmetrical stimuli which have been associated with endogenous orienting can modulate shifts of spatial attention even when they are masked. Prime–Cue Congruency effects of perceptual dissimilar prime and cue stimuli (Experiment 3) suggest that these effects cannot be entirely reduced to perceptual repetition priming of cue processing. In addition, priming effects did not differ between participants with good and poor prime recognition performance consistent with the view that unconscious stimulus features have access to processes of endogenous shifts of attention."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1016/j.concog.2013.02.008"],["dc.identifier.gro","3151012"],["dc.identifier.pmid","23528730"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/7822"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.status","final"],["dc.relation.issn","1053-8100"],["dc.title","Masked stimuli modulate endogenous shifts of spatial attention"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","unknown"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","yes"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","528"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","2"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Consciousness and Cognition"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","544"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","22"],["dc.contributor.author","Palmer, Simon"],["dc.contributor.author","Mattler, Uwe"],["dc.date.accessioned","2017-09-07T11:51:38Z"],["dc.date.available","2017-09-07T11:51:38Z"],["dc.date.issued","2013"],["dc.description.abstract","Unconscious stimuli can influence participants’ motor behavior as well as more complex mental processes. Previous cue-priming experiments demonstrated that masked cues can modulate endogenous shifts of spatial attention as measured by choice reaction time tasks. Here, we applied a signal detection task with masked luminance targets to determine the source and the scope of effects of masked stimuli. Target-detection performance was modulated by prime-cue congruency, indicating that prime-cue congruency modulates signal enhancement at early levels of target processing. These effects, however, were only found when the prime was perceptually similar to the cue indicting that primes influence early target processing in an indirect way by facilitating cue processing. Together with previous research we conclude that masked stimuli can modulate perceptual and post-central levels of processing. Findings mark a new limit of the effects of unconscious stimuli which seem to have a smaller scope than conscious stimuli."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1016/j.concog.2013.03.002"],["dc.identifier.gro","3151023"],["dc.identifier.pmid","23562857"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/7834"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.status","final"],["dc.relation.issn","1053-8100"],["dc.title","On the source and scope of priming effects of masked stimuli on endogenous shifts of spatial attention"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","unknown"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","yes"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","645"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","4"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","European Eating Disorders Review"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","656"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","29"],["dc.contributor.author","Palmer, Simon"],["dc.contributor.author","Gronemann, Jana"],["dc.contributor.author","Mattler, Uwe"],["dc.contributor.author","Febry, Hagen"],["dc.contributor.author","Wünsch‐Leiteritz, Wally"],["dc.contributor.author","Leiteritz, Andreas"],["dc.contributor.author","Brockmeyer, Timo"],["dc.date.accessioned","2021-06-01T09:41:46Z"],["dc.date.available","2021-06-01T09:41:46Z"],["dc.date.issued","2021"],["dc.description.abstract","Abstract Objective Very brief exposure to masked images of spider stimuli can facilitate approach behaviour towards spiders in fearful subjects. We hypothesized that a similar effect might occur for fear of food in patients with anorexia nervosa (AN), possibly offering a new treatment approach, with advantages over other methods of food exposure. Methods Patients with AN (n = 60) were randomly assigned to one of three experimental conditions and received a single session of exposure to either masked and very briefly presented food images, clearly visible food images, or masked non‐food images (i.e. household items). Effects of the three exposure conditions on fear of food and food avoidance were examined. Results Contrary to our expectations, very brief food cue exposure was not superior to the control conditions regarding fear of food and approach behaviour towards food immediately after the intervention and body mass index four weeks later. Conclusion This finding suggests important differences between fear of food in AN and specific phobias such as fear of spiders. The absence of an effect reveals limitations of the very brief exposure method, which might be better suited for evolutionarily relevant threat stimuli."],["dc.description.abstract","Highlights We hypothesized that very brief exposure to masked food images might reduce fear of food in patients with anorexia nervosa as a similar effect has been found for fear of spiders. We tested this hypothesis in an experimental design with two control groups (exposure to clearly visible food images or masked household items). We found no differences between the three groups, suggesting differences between fear of food and fear of spiders."],["dc.description.sponsorship","Open Access funding enabled and organized by Projekt DEAL"],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1002/erv.2835"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/85032"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.intern","DOI-Import GROB-425"],["dc.relation.eissn","1099-0968"],["dc.relation.issn","1072-4133"],["dc.rights","This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution‐NonCommercial‐NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non‐commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made."],["dc.title","No effect of very brief exposure to masked food pictures on fear of food in anorexia nervosa"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","347"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","3"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Cognition"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","360"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","123"],["dc.contributor.author","Mattler, Uwe"],["dc.contributor.author","Palmer, Simon"],["dc.date.accessioned","2017-09-07T11:51:37Z"],["dc.date.available","2017-09-07T11:51:37Z"],["dc.date.issued","2012"],["dc.description.abstract","Unconscious visual stimuli can be processed by human observers and modulate their behavior. This has been shown for masked prime stimuli that influence motor responses to subsequent target stimuli. Beyond this, masked stimuli can also affect participants’ behavior when they are free to choose one of two response alternatives. This finding demonstrates that an apparently free-choice between alternative behaviors can be subject to influences that are outside of awareness. We report three experiments which exhibit that the temporal dynamic of free-choice priming effects corresponds to that of forced-choice priming effects. Forced-choice priming effects were relatively robust against variations of prime stimuli but sensitive to physical features of target stimuli. Free-choice priming effects, in contrast, depended largely on the stimulus–response compatibility of the prime. A simple accumulator model which accounts for forced-choice response priming can also explain free-choice priming effects by the assumption that unconscious stimuli can initiate motor responses when participants are engaged in a speeded choice-reaction time task. According to our analyses free-choice priming results from a response selection mechanism which integrates conscious and unconscious information from external, stimulus driven sources and also from internal sources."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1016/j.cognition.2012.03.002"],["dc.identifier.gro","3151011"],["dc.identifier.pmid","22475294"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/7821"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.status","final"],["dc.relation.issn","0010-0277"],["dc.title","Time course of free-choice priming effects explained by a simple accumulator model"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","unknown"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","yes"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]