Schicktanz, Silke

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","e0252686"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","6"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","PLoS One"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","16"],["dc.contributor.author","Rodríguez-Arias, David"],["dc.contributor.author","Molina-Pérez, Alberto"],["dc.contributor.author","Hannikainen, Ivar R."],["dc.contributor.author","Delgado, Janet"],["dc.contributor.author","Söchtig, Benjamin"],["dc.contributor.author","Wöhlke, Sabine"],["dc.contributor.author","Schicktanz, Silke"],["dc.contributor.editor","Dor, Frank JMF"],["dc.date.accessioned","2021-07-05T14:57:50Z"],["dc.date.available","2021-07-05T14:57:50Z"],["dc.date.issued","2021"],["dc.description.abstract","Background Consent policies for post-mortem organ procurement (OP) vary throughout Europe, and yet no studies have empirically evaluated the ethical implications of contrasting consent models. To fill this gap, we introduce a novel indicator of governance quality based on the ideal of informed support , and examine national differences on this measure through a quantitative survey of OP policy informedness and preferences in seven European countries. Methods Between 2017–2019, we conducted a convenience sample survey of students ( n = 2006) in Austria (AT), Belgium (BE), Denmark (DK), Germany (DE), Greece (GR), Slovenia (SI) and Spain (ES), asking participants about their donation preferences, as well as their beliefs and views about the policy in place. From these measures, we computed indices of informedness, policy support, and fulfilment of unexpressed preferences, which we compared across countries and consent systems. Results Our study introduces a tool for analyzing policy governance in the context of OP. Wide variation in policy awareness was observed: Most respondents in DK, DE, AT and BE correctly identified the policy in place, while those in SI, GR and ES did not. Respondents in opt-out countries (AT, BE, ES and GR) tended to support the policy in place (with one exception, i.e., SI), whereas those in opt-in countries (DE and DK) overwhelmingly opposed it. These results reveal stark differences in governance quality across countries and consent policies: We found a preponderance of informed opposition in opt-in countries and a general tendency towards support–either informed or uninformed–in opt-out countries. We also found informed divergence in opt-in countries and a tendency for convergence–either informed or uninformed–among opt-out countries. Conclusion Our study offers a novel tool for analyzing governance quality and illustrates, in the context of OP, how the strengths and weaknesses of different policy implementations can be estimated and compared using quantitative survey data."],["dc.description.abstract","Background Consent policies for post-mortem organ procurement (OP) vary throughout Europe, and yet no studies have empirically evaluated the ethical implications of contrasting consent models. To fill this gap, we introduce a novel indicator of governance quality based on the ideal of informed support , and examine national differences on this measure through a quantitative survey of OP policy informedness and preferences in seven European countries. Methods Between 2017–2019, we conducted a convenience sample survey of students ( n = 2006) in Austria (AT), Belgium (BE), Denmark (DK), Germany (DE), Greece (GR), Slovenia (SI) and Spain (ES), asking participants about their donation preferences, as well as their beliefs and views about the policy in place. From these measures, we computed indices of informedness, policy support, and fulfilment of unexpressed preferences, which we compared across countries and consent systems. Results Our study introduces a tool for analyzing policy governance in the context of OP. Wide variation in policy awareness was observed: Most respondents in DK, DE, AT and BE correctly identified the policy in place, while those in SI, GR and ES did not. Respondents in opt-out countries (AT, BE, ES and GR) tended to support the policy in place (with one exception, i.e., SI), whereas those in opt-in countries (DE and DK) overwhelmingly opposed it. These results reveal stark differences in governance quality across countries and consent policies: We found a preponderance of informed opposition in opt-in countries and a general tendency towards support–either informed or uninformed–in opt-out countries. We also found informed divergence in opt-in countries and a tendency for convergence–either informed or uninformed–among opt-out countries. Conclusion Our study offers a novel tool for analyzing governance quality and illustrates, in the context of OP, how the strengths and weaknesses of different policy implementations can be estimated and compared using quantitative survey data."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1371/journal.pone.0252686"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/87746"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.intern","DOI-Import GROB-441"],["dc.relation.eissn","1932-6203"],["dc.title","Governance quality indicators for organ procurement policies"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","1"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","BMC Public Health"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","22"],["dc.contributor.author","Molina-Pérez, Alberto"],["dc.contributor.author","Werner-Felmayer, Gabriele"],["dc.contributor.author","Van Assche, Kristof"],["dc.contributor.author","Jensen, Anja M. B."],["dc.contributor.author","Delgado, Janet"],["dc.contributor.author","Flatscher-Thöni, Magdalena"],["dc.contributor.author","Hannikainen, Ivar R."],["dc.contributor.author","Rodriguez-Arias, David"],["dc.contributor.author","Schicktanz, Silke"],["dc.contributor.author","Wöhlke, Sabine"],["dc.date.accessioned","2022-12-01T08:31:22Z"],["dc.date.available","2022-12-01T08:31:22Z"],["dc.date.issued","2022"],["dc.description.abstract","Abstract\n \n Background\n European countries are increasingly harmonising their organ donation and transplantation policies. Although a growing number of nations are moving to presumed consent to deceased organ donation, no attempts have been made to harmonise policies on individual consent and the role of the family in the decision-making process. Little is known about public awareness of and attitudes towards the role of the family in their own country and European harmonisation on these health policy dimensions. To improve understanding of these issues, we examined what university students think about the role of the family in decision-making in deceased organ donation and about harmonising consent policies within Europe.\n \n \n Methods\n \n Using\n LimeSurvey\n © software, we conducted a comparative cross-sectional international survey of 2193 university students of health sciences and humanities/social sciences from Austria (339), Belgium (439), Denmark (230), Germany (424), Greece (159), Romania (190), Slovenia (190), and Spain (222).\n \n \n \n Results\n Participants from opt-in countries may have a better awareness of the family’s legal role than those from opt-out countries. Most respondents opposed the family veto, but they were more ambivalent towards the role of the family as a surrogate decision-maker. The majority of participants were satisfied with the family’s legal role. However, those who were unsatisfied preferred to limit family involvement. Overall, participants were opposed to the idea of national sovereignty over consent policies. They favoured an opt-out policy harmonisation and were divided over opt-in. Their views on harmonisation of family involvement were consistent with their personal preferences.\n \n \n Conclusions\n There is overall division on whether families should have a surrogate role, and substantial opposition to granting them sole authority over decision-making. If European countries were to harmonise their policies on consent for organ donation, an opt-out system that grants families a surrogate decision-making role may enjoy the widest public support."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1186/s12889-022-14476-z"],["dc.identifier.pii","14476"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/118156"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.intern","DOI-Import GROB-621"],["dc.relation.eissn","1471-2458"],["dc.rights.uri","https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"],["dc.title","Attitudes of European students towards family decision-making and the harmonisation of consent systems in deceased organ donation: a cross-national survey"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]