Fischer, Christina

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","297"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","4"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Perspectives in Plant Ecology, Evolution and Systematics"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","303"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","13"],["dc.contributor.author","Fischer, Christina"],["dc.contributor.author","Thies, Carsten"],["dc.contributor.author","Tscharntke, Teja"],["dc.date.accessioned","2017-09-07T11:49:59Z"],["dc.date.available","2017-09-07T11:49:59Z"],["dc.date.issued","2011"],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1016/j.ppees.2011.08.001"],["dc.identifier.gro","3149811"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/6511"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.status","zu prüfen"],["dc.relation.issn","1433-8319"],["dc.title","Mixed effects of landscape complexity and farming practice on weed seed removal"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","unknown"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","yes"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","3663"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","14"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Biodiversity and Conservation"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","3681"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","20"],["dc.contributor.author","Guerrero, Irene"],["dc.contributor.author","Morales, Manuel B."],["dc.contributor.author","Oñate, Juan J."],["dc.contributor.author","Aavik, Tsipe"],["dc.contributor.author","Bengtsson, Jan"],["dc.contributor.author","Berendse, Frank"],["dc.contributor.author","Clement, Lars W."],["dc.contributor.author","Dennis, Christopher"],["dc.contributor.author","Eggers, Sönke"],["dc.contributor.author","Emmerson, Mark"],["dc.contributor.author","Fischer, Christina"],["dc.contributor.author","Flohre, Andreas"],["dc.contributor.author","Geiger, Flavia"],["dc.contributor.author","Hawro, Violetta"],["dc.contributor.author","Inchausti, Pablo"],["dc.contributor.author","Kalamees, Andres"],["dc.contributor.author","Kinks, Riho"],["dc.contributor.author","Liira, Jaan"],["dc.contributor.author","Meléndez, Leandro"],["dc.contributor.author","Pärt, Tomas"],["dc.contributor.author","Thies, Carsten"],["dc.contributor.author","Tscharntke, Teja"],["dc.contributor.author","Olszewski, Adam"],["dc.contributor.author","Weisser, Wolfgang W."],["dc.date.accessioned","2017-09-07T11:54:40Z"],["dc.date.available","2017-09-07T11:54:40Z"],["dc.date.issued","2011"],["dc.description.abstract","In eight European study sites (in Spain, Ireland, Netherlands, Germany, Poland, Estonia and Sweden), abundance of breeding farmland bird territories was obtained from 500 × 500 m survey plots (30 per area, N = 240) using the mapping method. Two analyses were performed: (I) a Canonical Correspondence Analysis of species abundance in relation to geographical location and variables measuring agricultural intensification at field and farm level to identify significant intensification variables and to estimate the fractions of total variance in bird abundance explained by geography and agricultural intensification; (II) several taxonomic and functional community indices were built and analysed using GLM in relation to the intensification variables found significant in the CCA. The geographical location of study sites alone explains nearly one fifth (19.5%) of total variation in species abundance. The fraction of variance explained by agricultural intensification alone is much smaller (4.3%), although significant. The intersection explains nearly two fifths (37.8%) of variance in species abundance. Community indices are negatively affected by correlates of intensification like farm size and yield, whereas correlates of habitat availability and quality have positive effects on taxonomic and functional diversity of assemblages. Most of the purely geographical variation in farmland bird assemblage composition is associated to Mediterranean steppe species, reflecting the bio-geographical singularity of that assemblage and reinforcing the need to preserve this community. Taxonomic and functional diversity of farmland bird communities are negatively affected by agricultural intensification and positively affected by increasing farmland habitat availability and quality."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1007/s10531-011-0156-3"],["dc.identifier.gro","3150075"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/6803"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.status","public"],["dc.relation.issn","0960-3115"],["dc.title","Taxonomic and functional diversity of farmland bird communities across Europe: effects of biogeography and agricultural intensification"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","unknown"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","no"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","570"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","3"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Journal of Applied Ecology"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","579"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","48"],["dc.contributor.author","Winqvist, Camilla"],["dc.contributor.author","Bengtsson, Jan"],["dc.contributor.author","Aavik, Tsipe"],["dc.contributor.author","Berendse, Frank"],["dc.contributor.author","Clement, Lars W."],["dc.contributor.author","Eggers, Sönke"],["dc.contributor.author","Fischer, Christina"],["dc.contributor.author","Flohre, Andreas"],["dc.contributor.author","Geiger, Flavia"],["dc.contributor.author","Liira, Jaan"],["dc.contributor.author","Pärt, Tomas"],["dc.contributor.author","Thies, Carsten"],["dc.contributor.author","Tscharntke, Teja"],["dc.contributor.author","Weisser, Wolfgang W."],["dc.contributor.author","Bommarco, Riccardo"],["dc.date.accessioned","2017-09-07T11:54:41Z"],["dc.date.available","2017-09-07T11:54:41Z"],["dc.date.issued","2011"],["dc.description.abstract","Organic farming in Europe has been shown to enhance biodiversity locally, but potential interactions with the surrounding landscape and the potential effects on ecosystem services are less well known.2. In cereal fields on 153 farms in five European regions, we examined how the species richness and abundance of wild plants, ground beetles and breeding birds, and the biological control potential of the area, were affected by organic and conventional farming, and how these effects were modified by landscape complexity (percentage of arable crops within 1000 m of the study plots). Information on biodiversity was gathered from vegetation plots, pitfall traps and by bird territory mapping. The biological control potential was measured as the percentage of glued, live aphids removed from plastic labels exposed in cereal fields for 24 h.3. Predation on aphids was highest in organic fields in complex landscapes, and declined with increasing landscape homogeneity. The biological control potential in conventional fields was not affected by landscape complexity, and in homogenous landscapes it was higher in conventional fields than in organic fields, as indicated by an interaction between farming practice and landscape complexity.4. A simplification of the landscape, from 20% to 100% arable land, reduced plant species richness by about 16% and cover by 14% in organic fields, and 33% and 5·5% in conventional fields. For birds, landscape simplification reduced species richness and abundance by 34% and 32% in organic fields and by 45·5% and 39% in conventional fields. Ground beetles were more abundant in simple landscapes, but were unaffected by farming practice.5. Synthesis and applications. This Europe-wide study shows that organic farming enhanced the biodiversity of plants and birds in all landscapes, but only improved the potential for biological control in heterogeneous landscapes. These mixed results stress the importance of taking both local management and regional landscape complexity into consideration when developing future agri-environment schemes, and suggest that local-regional interactions may affect other ecosystem services and functions. This study also shows that it is not enough to design and monitor agri-environment schemes on the basis of biodiversity, but that ecosystem services should be considered too."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1111/j.1365-2664.2010.01950.x"],["dc.identifier.gro","3150068"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/6795"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.status","final"],["dc.relation.issn","0021-8901"],["dc.title","Mixed effects of organic farming and landscape complexity on farmland biodiversity and biological control potential across Europe"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","unknown"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","no"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Ecology Letters"],["dc.contributor.author","Martin, Emily A."],["dc.contributor.author","Dainese, Matteo"],["dc.contributor.author","Clough, Yann"],["dc.contributor.author","Báldi, András"],["dc.contributor.author","Bommarco, Riccardo"],["dc.contributor.author","Gagić, Vesna"],["dc.contributor.author","Garratt, Michael P. D."],["dc.contributor.author","Holzschuh, Andrea"],["dc.contributor.author","Kleijn, David"],["dc.contributor.author","Kovács-Hostyánszki, Anikó"],["dc.contributor.author","Marini, Lorenzo"],["dc.contributor.author","Potts, Simon G."],["dc.contributor.author","Smith, Henrik G."],["dc.contributor.author","Al Hassan, Diab"],["dc.contributor.author","Albrecht, Matthias"],["dc.contributor.author","Andersson, Georg K. S."],["dc.contributor.author","Asís, Josep D."],["dc.contributor.author","Aviron, Stéphanie"],["dc.contributor.author","Balzan, Mario V."],["dc.contributor.author","Baños‐Picón, Laura"],["dc.contributor.author","Bartomeus, Ignasi"],["dc.contributor.author","Batáry, Péter"],["dc.contributor.author","Burel, Francoise"],["dc.contributor.author","Caballero‐López, Berta"],["dc.contributor.author","Concepción, Elena D."],["dc.contributor.author","Coudrain, Valérie"],["dc.contributor.author","Dänhardt, Juliana"],["dc.contributor.author","Díaz, Mario"],["dc.contributor.author","Diekötter, Tim"],["dc.contributor.author","Dormann, Carsten F."],["dc.contributor.author","Duflot, Rémi"],["dc.contributor.author","Entling, Martin H."],["dc.contributor.author","Farwig, Nina"],["dc.contributor.author","Fischer, Christina"],["dc.contributor.author","Frank, Thomas"],["dc.contributor.author","Garibaldi, Lucas A."],["dc.contributor.author","Hermann, John"],["dc.contributor.author","Herzog, Felix"],["dc.contributor.author","Inclán, Diego"],["dc.contributor.author","Jacot, Katja"],["dc.contributor.author","Jauker, Frank"],["dc.contributor.author","Jeanneret, Philippe"],["dc.contributor.author","Kaiser, Marina"],["dc.contributor.author","Krauß, Jochen"],["dc.contributor.author","Le Féon, Violette"],["dc.contributor.author","Marshall, Jon"],["dc.contributor.author","Moonen, Anna‐Camilla"],["dc.contributor.author","Moreno, Gerardo"],["dc.contributor.author","Riedinger, Verena"],["dc.contributor.author","Rundlöf, Maj"],["dc.contributor.author","Rusch, Adrien"],["dc.contributor.author","Scheper, Jeroen"],["dc.contributor.author","Schneider, Gudrun"],["dc.contributor.author","Schüepp, Christof"],["dc.contributor.author","Stutz, Sonja"],["dc.contributor.author","Sutter, Louis"],["dc.contributor.author","Tamburini, Giovanni"],["dc.contributor.author","Thies, Carsten"],["dc.contributor.author","Tormos, José"],["dc.contributor.author","Tscharntke, Teja"],["dc.contributor.author","Tschumi, Matthias"],["dc.contributor.author","Uzman, Deniz"],["dc.contributor.author","Wagner, Christian"],["dc.contributor.author","Zubair‐Anjum, Muhammad"],["dc.contributor.author","Steffan-Dewenter, Ingolf"],["dc.contributor.editor","Scherber, Christoph"],["dc.date.accessioned","2019-07-23T07:13:21Z"],["dc.date.available","2019-07-23T07:13:21Z"],["dc.date.issued","2019"],["dc.description.abstract","Managing agricultural landscapes to support biodiversity and ecosystem services is a key aim of a sustainable agriculture. However, how the spatial arrangement of crop fields and other habitats in landscapes impacts arthropods and their functions is poorly known. Synthesising data from 49 studies (1515 landscapes) across Europe, we examined effects of landscape composition (% habitats) and configuration (edge density) on arthropods in fields and their margins, pest control, pollination and yields. Configuration effects interacted with the proportions of crop and non-crop habitats, and species' dietary, dispersal and overwintering traits led to contrasting responses to landscape variables. Overall, however, in landscapes with high edge density, 70% of pollinator and 44% of natural enemy species reached highest abundances and pollination and pest control improved 1.7-and 1.4-fold respectively. Arable-dominated landscapes with high edge densities achieved high yields. This suggests that enhancing edge density in European agroecosystems can promote functional biodiversity and yield-enhancing ecosystem services."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1111/ele.13265"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/61862"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.relation.issn","1461-023X"],["dc.relation.issn","1461-0248"],["dc.title","The interplay of landscape composition and configuration: new pathways to manage functional biodiversity and agroecosystem services across Europe"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","1772"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","5"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Ecological Applications"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","1781"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","21"],["dc.contributor.author","Flohre, Andreas"],["dc.contributor.author","Fischer, Christina"],["dc.contributor.author","Aavik, Tsipe"],["dc.contributor.author","Bengtsson, Jan"],["dc.contributor.author","Berendse, Frank"],["dc.contributor.author","Bommarco, Riccardo"],["dc.contributor.author","Ceryngier, Piotr"],["dc.contributor.author","Clement, Lars W."],["dc.contributor.author","Dennis, Christopher"],["dc.contributor.author","Eggers, Sönke"],["dc.contributor.author","Emmerson, Mark"],["dc.contributor.author","Geiger, Flavia"],["dc.contributor.author","Guerrero, Irene"],["dc.contributor.author","Hawro, Violetta"],["dc.contributor.author","Inchausti, Pablo"],["dc.contributor.author","Liira, Jaan"],["dc.contributor.author","Morales, Manuel B."],["dc.contributor.author","Oñate, Juan J."],["dc.contributor.author","Pärt, Tomas"],["dc.contributor.author","Weisser, Wolfgang W."],["dc.contributor.author","Winqvist, Camilla"],["dc.contributor.author","Thies, Carsten"],["dc.contributor.author","Tscharntke, Teja"],["dc.date.accessioned","2017-09-07T11:54:45Z"],["dc.date.available","2017-09-07T11:54:45Z"],["dc.date.issued","2011"],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1890/10-0645.1"],["dc.identifier.gro","3150098"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/6828"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.status","zu prüfen"],["dc.relation.issn","1051-0761"],["dc.title","Agricultural intensification and biodiversity partitioning in European landscapes comparing plants, carabids, and birds"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","unknown"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","yes"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","571"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","4"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Applied Vegetation Science"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","579"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","15"],["dc.contributor.author","Armengot, Laura"],["dc.contributor.author","Sans, Francesc Xavier"],["dc.contributor.author","Fischer, Christina"],["dc.contributor.author","Flohre, Andreas"],["dc.contributor.author","José-María, Laura"],["dc.contributor.author","Tscharntke, Teja"],["dc.contributor.author","Thies, Carsten"],["dc.date.accessioned","2017-09-07T11:53:46Z"],["dc.date.available","2017-09-07T11:53:46Z"],["dc.date.issued","2012"],["dc.description.abstract","QuestionsDo diversity components (α, β and γ) differ across contrasting regions? What is the relative contribution of organic and conventional farming practices to the structuring of arable weed species diversity and different functional groups (legumes, grasses and broad-leaves)? To what extent do arable weed communities differ between regions and farming systems (organic vs conventional)?LocationTwenty-six farms in total in northeast Spain (Catalonia) and north Germany (Lower Saxony).MethodsWe examined the weed flora in paired organic and conventional farms at each locality and assessed diversity components by additive partitioning of species richness (α, β and γ).ResultsThe weed species composition differed greatly between the two regions. Only 18 of 135 arable weed species were shared. The α-, β- and γ-diversity of all functional groups was significantly higher under organic farming practices for both regions, indicating an increasing homogenization of local communities by agricultural intensification within each region. β-diversity contributed most to the total observed species richness in both regions (69.8% and 35.8% on organic and conventional farms, respectively, in Catalonia; and 62.4% and 53.0% on organic and conventional farms, respectively, in Lower Saxony). These results demonstrate the great importance of environmental heterogeneity and of farm-specific differences in agricultural practices for the richness of arable weed species.ConclusionsRegardless of the substantial differences in arable weed community composition across regions, our study emphasizes the great importance of organic farming for arable weed species richness. Understanding the patterns and causes of the dissimilarity of local communities appears to be a key factor for species conservation and the development of effective European-wide agri-environmental schemes at landscape and regional scales. This approach is in contrast to current nature conservation practices that are restricted primarily to local (field- and farm-scale) implementation."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1111/j.1654-109x.2012.01190.x"],["dc.identifier.gro","3149971"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/6688"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.status","final"],["dc.relation.issn","1402-2001"],["dc.subject","additive diversity partitioning; agriculturalintensification; community dissimilarity; organic vs conventional farming; broad-leaves; grasses; legumes"],["dc.title","The β-diversity of arable weed communities on organic and conventional cereal farms in two contrasting regions"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","unknown"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","no"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","386"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","4"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Basic and Applied Ecology"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","387"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","12"],["dc.contributor.author","Geiger, Flavia"],["dc.contributor.author","Bengtsson, Jan"],["dc.contributor.author","Berendse, Frank"],["dc.contributor.author","Weisser, Wolfgang W."],["dc.contributor.author","Emmerson, Mark C."],["dc.contributor.author","Morales, Manuel B."],["dc.contributor.author","Ceryngier, Piotr"],["dc.contributor.author","Liira, Jaan"],["dc.contributor.author","Tscharntke, Teja"],["dc.contributor.author","Winqvist, Camilla"],["dc.contributor.author","Eggers, Sonke"],["dc.contributor.author","Bommarco, Riccardo"],["dc.contributor.author","Part, Tomas"],["dc.contributor.author","Bretagnolle, Vincent"],["dc.contributor.author","Plantegenest, Manuel"],["dc.contributor.author","Clement, Lars W."],["dc.contributor.author","Dennis, Christopher"],["dc.contributor.author","Palmer, Catherine"],["dc.contributor.author","Onate, Juan J."],["dc.contributor.author","Guerrero, Irene"],["dc.contributor.author","Hawro, Violetta"],["dc.contributor.author","Aavik, Tsipe"],["dc.contributor.author","Thies, Carsten"],["dc.contributor.author","Flohre, Andreas"],["dc.contributor.author","Haenke, Sebastian"],["dc.contributor.author","Fischer, Christina"],["dc.contributor.author","Goedhart, Paul W."],["dc.contributor.author","Inchausti, Pablo"],["dc.date.accessioned","2018-11-07T09:00:22Z"],["dc.date.available","2018-11-07T09:00:22Z"],["dc.date.issued","2011"],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1016/j.baae.2011.03.004"],["dc.identifier.isi","000293312600012"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/24139"],["dc.notes.status","zu prüfen"],["dc.notes.submitter","Najko"],["dc.publisher","Elsevier Gmbh, Urban & Fischer Verlag"],["dc.relation.issn","1439-1791"],["dc.title","Persistent negative effects of pesticides on biodiversity and biological control potential on European farmland (vol 11, pg 97, 2010)"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","yes"],["dc.type.status","published"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","119"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","1-2"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","125"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","141"],["dc.contributor.author","Fischer, Christina"],["dc.contributor.author","Flohre, Andreas"],["dc.contributor.author","Clement, Lars W."],["dc.contributor.author","Batáry, Péter"],["dc.contributor.author","Weisser, Wolfgang W."],["dc.contributor.author","Tscharntke, Teja"],["dc.contributor.author","Thies, Carsten"],["dc.date.accessioned","2017-09-07T11:50:41Z"],["dc.date.available","2017-09-07T11:50:41Z"],["dc.date.issued","2011"],["dc.description.abstract","Bird abundance, species richness and diversity of bird communities were analysed on 59 plots during breeding season and 61 plots during winter (500 m × 500 m around winter wheat fields) in two contrasting regions of Germany differing in land-use history (West vs. East), landscape structural complexity (40–100% arable land) and farming practice (organic vs. conventional). Abundance, species richness and diversity were higher in West Germany, presumably due to the higher overall habitat-type diversity, and decreased with decreasing landscape complexity, this being marked for farmland and forest birds. In contrast, abundances of openland bird species were higher in East Germany during both seasons and increased with decreasing landscape complexity. During breeding season (but not in winter) organic farming enhanced the species richness of all bird groups, presumably due to more and diverse food resources. Farmland and forest bird species in agricultural landscapes therefore appear to be mainly enhanced by landscape complexity owing to the availability of nesting and sheltering places in non-crop habitats, while openland bird species require high proportions of arable land."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1016/j.agee.2011.02.021"],["dc.identifier.gro","3149861"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/6567"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.status","public"],["dc.relation.issn","0167-8809"],["dc.subject","Farmland; openland and forest species; Landscape complexity; Organic farming"],["dc.title","Mixed effects of landscape structure and farming practice on bird diversity"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","unknown"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","no"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","97"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","2"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Basic and Applied Ecology"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","105"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","11"],["dc.contributor.author","Geiger, Flavia"],["dc.contributor.author","Bengtsson, Jan"],["dc.contributor.author","Berendse, Frank"],["dc.contributor.author","Weisser, Wolfgang W."],["dc.contributor.author","Emmerson, Mark C."],["dc.contributor.author","Morales, Manuel B."],["dc.contributor.author","Ceryngier, Piotr"],["dc.contributor.author","Liira, Jaan"],["dc.contributor.author","Tscharntke, Teja"],["dc.contributor.author","Winqvist, Camilla"],["dc.contributor.author","Eggers, Sonke"],["dc.contributor.author","Bommarco, Riccardo"],["dc.contributor.author","Part, Tomas"],["dc.contributor.author","Bretagnolle, Vincent"],["dc.contributor.author","Plantegenest, Manuel"],["dc.contributor.author","Clement, Lars W."],["dc.contributor.author","Dennis, Christopher"],["dc.contributor.author","Palmer, Catherine"],["dc.contributor.author","Onate, Juan J."],["dc.contributor.author","Guerrero, Irene"],["dc.contributor.author","Hawro, Violetta"],["dc.contributor.author","Aavik, Tsipe"],["dc.contributor.author","Thies, Carsten"],["dc.contributor.author","Flohre, Andreas"],["dc.contributor.author","Hanke, Sebastian"],["dc.contributor.author","Fischer, Christina"],["dc.contributor.author","Goedhart, Paul W."],["dc.contributor.author","Inchausti, Pablo"],["dc.date.accessioned","2018-11-07T08:47:06Z"],["dc.date.available","2018-11-07T08:47:06Z"],["dc.date.issued","2010"],["dc.description.abstract","During the last 50 years, agricultural intensification has caused many wild plant and animal species to go extinct regionally or nationally and has profoundly changed the functioning of agro-ecosystems. Agricultural intensification has many components, such as loss of landscape elements, enlarged farm and field sizes and larger inputs of fertilizer and pesticides. However, very little is known about the relative contribution of these variables to the large-scale negative effects on biodiversity. In this study, we disentangled the impacts of various components of agricultural intensification on species diversity of wild plants, carabids and ground-nesting farmland birds and on the biological control of aphids. In a Europe-wide study in eight West and East European countries, we found important negative effects of agricultural intensification on wild plant, carabid and bird species diversity and on the potential for biological pest control, as estimated from the number of aphids taken by predators. Of the 13 components of intensification we measured, use of insecticides and fungicides had consistent negative effects on biodiversity. Insecticides also reduced the biological control potential. Organic farming and other agri-environment schemes aiming to mitigate the negative effects of intensive farming on biodiversity did increase the diversity of wild plant and carabid species, but - contrary to our expectations - not the diversity of breeding birds. We conclude that despite decades of European policy to ban harmful pesticides, the negative effects of pesticides on wild plant and animal species persist, at the same time reducing the opportunities for biological pest control. If biodiversity is to be restored in Europe and opportunities are to be created for crop production utilizing biodiversity-based ecosystem services such as biological pest control, there must be a Europe-wide shift towards farming with minimal use of pesticides over large areas. (C) 2009 Gesellschaft fur Okologie. Published by Elsevier Gmbh. All rights reserved."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1016/j.baae.2009.12.001"],["dc.identifier.isi","000276757400001"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/20861"],["dc.notes.status","zu prüfen"],["dc.notes.submitter","Najko"],["dc.publisher","Elsevier Gmbh, Urban & Fischer Verlag"],["dc.relation.issn","1439-1791"],["dc.title","Persistent negative effects of pesticides on biodiversity and biological control potential on European farmland"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","yes"],["dc.type.status","published"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","837"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","5"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Journal of Insect Conservation"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","846"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","18"],["dc.contributor.author","Winqvist, Camilla"],["dc.contributor.author","Bengtsson, Jan"],["dc.contributor.author","Öckinger, Erik"],["dc.contributor.author","Aavik, Tsipe"],["dc.contributor.author","Berendse, Frank"],["dc.contributor.author","Clement, Lars W."],["dc.contributor.author","Fischer, Christina"],["dc.contributor.author","Flohre, Andreas"],["dc.contributor.author","Geiger, Flavia"],["dc.contributor.author","Liira, Jaan"],["dc.contributor.author","Thies, Carsten"],["dc.contributor.author","Tscharntke, Teja"],["dc.contributor.author","Weisser, Wolfgang W."],["dc.contributor.author","Bommarco, Riccardo"],["dc.date.accessioned","2017-09-07T11:54:43Z"],["dc.date.available","2017-09-07T11:54:43Z"],["dc.date.issued","2014"],["dc.description.abstract","Agricultural intensification may result in important shifts in insect community composition and function, but this remains poorly explored. Studying how groups of species with shared traits respond to local and landscape scale land-use management can reveal mechanisms behind such observed impacts. We tested if ground beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) divided into trait groups based on body sizes, wing morphologies and dietary preferences respond differently to farming practise (organic and conventional), farming intensity (measured as yield) and landscape complexity (measured as the proportion of arable land within a 1,000 m radius) across Europe. We used data from 143 farms in five regions in northern and central Europe. Organic farms did not differ in abundance or richness of any trait group compared to conventional farms. As farm scale intensity (yield) increased, overall abundance of beetles decreased, but abundances of small and medium sized beetles, as well as that of wingless beetles, were unaffected. Overall species richness was not affected by yield, whereas consideration of traits revealed that phytophagous and omnivorous beetles were less species rich on farms with high yields. Increasing the proportion of arable land in the landscape increased overall beetle abundance. This was driven by an increase in omnivorous beetles. The total species richness was not affected by an increase in the proportion arable land, although the richness of wingless beetles was found to increase. Potential effects on ecosystem functioning need to be taken into account when designing schemes to maintain agricultural biodiversity, because species with different ecological traits respond differently to local management and landscape changes."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1007/s10841-014-9690-0"],["dc.identifier.gro","3150088"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/6817"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.status","public"],["dc.relation.issn","1366-638X"],["dc.title","Species’ traits influence ground beetle responses to farm and landscape level agricultural intensification in Europe"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","unknown"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","no"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]