Heinrich, Ralf

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Frontiers in Psychiatry"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","8"],["dc.contributor.author","Corthals, Kristina"],["dc.contributor.author","Heukamp, Alina Sophia"],["dc.contributor.author","Kossen, Robert"],["dc.contributor.author","Großhennig, Isabel"],["dc.contributor.author","Hahn, Nina"],["dc.contributor.author","Gras, Heribert"],["dc.contributor.author","Göpfert, Martin C."],["dc.contributor.author","Heinrich, Ralf"],["dc.contributor.author","Geurten, Bart R. H."],["dc.date.accessioned","2019-07-09T11:43:34Z"],["dc.date.available","2019-07-09T11:43:34Z"],["dc.date.issued","2017"],["dc.description.abstract","The genome of Drosophila melanogaster includes homologs to approximately one-third of the currently known human disease genes. Flies and humans share many biological processes, including the principles of information processing by excitable neurons, synaptic transmission, and the chemical signals involved in intercellular communication. Studies on the molecular and behavioral impact of genetic risk factors of human neuro- developmental disorders [autism spectrum disorders (ASDs), schizophrenia, attention deficit hyperactivity disorders, and Tourette syndrome] increasingly use the well-studied social behavior of D. melanogaster, an organism that is amenable to a large variety of genetic manipulations. Neuroligins (Nlgs) are a family of phylogenetically conserved postsynaptic adhesion molecules present (among others) in nematodes, insects, and mammals. Impaired function of Nlgs (particularly of Nlg 3 and 4) has been associated with ASDs in humans and impaired social and communication behavior in mice. Making use of a set of behavioral and social assays, we, here, analyzed the impact of two Drosophila Nlgs, Dnlg2 and Dnlg4, which are differentially expressed at excitatory and inhibitory central nervous synapses, respectively. Both Nlgs seem to be associated with diurnal activity and social behavior. Even though deficiencies in Dnlg2 and Dnlg4 appeared to have no effects on sensory or motor systems, they differentially impacted on social interactions, suggesting that social behavior is distinctly regulated by these Nlgs."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.3389/fpsyt.2017.00113"],["dc.identifier.purl","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gs-1/14580"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/58919"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.intern","Merged from goescholar"],["dc.publisher","Frontiers Media S.A."],["dc.relation.eissn","1664-0640"],["dc.relation.issn","1664-0640"],["dc.rights","CC BY 4.0"],["dc.rights.uri","https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"],["dc.subject.ddc","570"],["dc.title","Neuroligins Nlg2 and Nlg4 Affect Social Behavior in Drosophila melanogaster"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.version","published_version"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.artnumber","e1088"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Neuroscience Communications"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","1"],["dc.contributor.author","Bhavsar, Balvantray"],["dc.contributor.author","Heinrich, Ralf"],["dc.contributor.author","Stumpner, Andreas"],["dc.date.accessioned","2019-07-09T11:42:45Z"],["dc.date.available","2019-07-09T11:42:45Z"],["dc.date.issued","2016"],["dc.description.abstract","Currently, more and more laboratories are acquiring the capability of simultaneously detecting the extracellular activity of neurons in anaesthetized and awake animals by multielectrode recordings. In insects, multielectrode recordings are challenging due to the small size of the nervous system. Nevertheless, multielectrode recordings have been successfully established in brains of cockroaches, honeybees, fruit flies and grasshoppers to study sensory processing related to mechanosensation, olfaction, vision and audition. The number of neurons which can be recorded using such multielectrodes did not exceed 5 and likely depends on factors like recorded compartment of the neuron, impedance of the multielectrode, number of wires included in the multielectrode and threshold for spike detection. Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the recordings obviously depends on the material and method used for the production of multielectrodes. To mark the location of the recording, different methods like current-driven copper deposition, labelling with fluorescent dye and electrocoagulation of nervous tissue are used. As expected, multielectrode recordings are more difficult in freely moving compared to restrained insects due to movement artifacts and requirement for fixed placement of the multielectrode at a particular recording site in the central nervous system (CNS). Specific characteristics of different preparations and sensory systems that include, disentangling spike collisions connected to auditory stimulation, increase in SNR after extended recording periods in olfactory systems and photoelectrical effects from compound eyes associated with visual stimulation, may require special attention and particular adaptations."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.14800/nc.1088"],["dc.identifier.fs","619780"],["dc.identifier.purl","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gs-1/13657"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/58732"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.intern","Merged from goescholar"],["dc.relation.issn","2470-4008"],["dc.rights","CC BY 4.0"],["dc.rights.uri","https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"],["dc.title","Mini review: Multielectrode recordings in insect brains"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.version","published_version"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","1233"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","8"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","1236"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","35"],["dc.contributor.author","Mitkovski, Miso"],["dc.contributor.author","Dahm, Liane"],["dc.contributor.author","Heinrich, Ralf"],["dc.contributor.author","Monnheimer, Mathieu"],["dc.contributor.author","Gerhart, Simone"],["dc.contributor.author","Stegmüller, Judith"],["dc.contributor.author","Hanisch, Uwe-Karsten"],["dc.contributor.author","Nave, Klaus-Armin"],["dc.contributor.author","Ehrenreich, Hannelore"],["dc.date.accessioned","2017-09-07T11:46:28Z"],["dc.date.available","2017-09-07T11:46:28Z"],["dc.date.issued","2015"],["dc.description.abstract","Traumatic brain injury causes progressive brain atrophy and cognitive decline. Surprisingly, an early treatment with erythropoietin (EPO) prevents these consequences of secondary neurodegeneration, but the mechanisms have remained obscure. Here we show by advanced imaging and innovative analytical tools that recombinant human EPO, a clinically established and neuroprotective growth factor, dampens microglial activity, as visualized also in vivo by a strongly attenuated injury-induced cellular motility."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1038/jcbfm.2015.100"],["dc.identifier.gro","3150519"],["dc.identifier.purl","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gs-1/13806"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/7292"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.intern","Merged from goescholar"],["dc.notes.status","final"],["dc.relation.issn","0271-678X"],["dc.rights","CC BY-NC-ND 4.0"],["dc.rights.uri","https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0"],["dc.subject","ATP; brain injury; migration; process protrusion; Rac1"],["dc.title","Erythropoietin dampens injury-induced microglial motility"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","unknown"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","unknown"],["dc.type.version","published_version"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","64"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","1"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Journal of Biological Rhythms"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","72"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","24"],["dc.contributor.author","Luna, Abud J. Farca"],["dc.contributor.author","Hurtado-Zavala, Joaquin I."],["dc.contributor.author","Reischig, Thomas"],["dc.contributor.author","Heinrich, Ralf"],["dc.date.accessioned","2018-11-07T08:33:07Z"],["dc.date.available","2018-11-07T08:33:07Z"],["dc.date.issued","2009"],["dc.description.abstract","Crustaceans have frequently been used to study the neuroethology of both agonistic behavior and circadian rhythms, but whether their highly stereotyped and quantifiable agonistic activity is controlled by circadian pacemakers has, so far, not been investigated. Isolated marbled crayfish (Procambarus spec.) displayed rhythmic locomotor activity under 12-h light: 12-h darkness (LD12: 12) and rhythmicity persisted after switching to constant darkness (DD) for 8 days, suggesting the presence of endogenous circadian pacemakers. Isogenetic females of parthenogenetic marbled crayfish displayed all behavioral elements known from agonistic interactions of previously studied decapod species including the formation of hierarchies. Groups of marbled crafish displayed high frequencies of agonistic encounters during the 1st hour of their cohabitation, but with the formation of hierarchies agonistic activities were subsequently reduced to low levels. Group agonistic activity was entrained to periods of exactly 24 h under LD12: 12, and peaks of agonistic activity coincided with light-to-dark and dark-to-light transitions. After switching to DD, enhanced agonistic activity was dispersed over periods of 8-to 10-h duration that were centered around the times corresponding with light-to-dark transitions during the preceding 3 days in LD12:12. During 4 days under DD agonistic activity remained rhythmic with an average circadian period of 24.83 +/- 1.22 h in all crayfish groups tested. Only the most dominant crayfish that participated in more than half of all agonistic encounters within the group revealed clear endogenous rhythmicity in their agonistic behavior, whereas subordinate individuals, depending on their social rank, initiated only between 19.4% and 0.03% of all encounters in constant darkness and displayed no statistically significant rhythmicity. The results indicate that both locomotion and agonistic social interactions are rhythmic behaviors of marbled crayfish that are controlled by light-entrained endogenous pacemakers."],["dc.description.sponsorship","German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD)"],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1177/0748730408328933"],["dc.identifier.isi","000262736600007"],["dc.identifier.purl","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gs-1/12993"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/17502"],["dc.notes.intern","Merged from goescholar"],["dc.notes.status","zu prüfen"],["dc.notes.submitter","Najko"],["dc.publisher","Sage Publications Inc"],["dc.relation.issn","0748-7304"],["dc.rights","Goescholar"],["dc.rights.uri","https://goescholar.uni-goettingen.de/licenses"],["dc.title","Circadian Regulation of Agonistic Behavior in Groups of Parthenogenetic Marbled Crayfish, Procambarus sp."],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","yes"],["dc.type.status","published"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.artnumber","e25613"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","9"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","PLoS ONE"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","6"],["dc.contributor.author","Kunst, Michael"],["dc.contributor.author","Pfoertner, Ramona"],["dc.contributor.author","Aschenbrenner, Katja"],["dc.contributor.author","Heinrich, Ralf"],["dc.date.accessioned","2018-11-07T08:51:38Z"],["dc.date.available","2018-11-07T08:51:38Z"],["dc.date.issued","2011"],["dc.description.abstract","The central complex selects and coordinates the species-and situation-specific song production in acoustically communicating grasshoppers. Control of sound production is mediated by several neurotransmitters and modulators, their receptors and intracellular signaling pathways. It has previously been shown that muscarinic cholinergic excitation in the central complex promotes sound production whereas both GABA and nitric oxide/cyclic GMP signaling suppress its performance. The present immunocytochemical and pharmacological study investigates the question whether GABA and nitric oxide mediate inhibition of sound production independently. Muscarinic ACh receptors are expressed by columnar output neurons of the central complex that innervate the lower division of the central body and terminate in the lateral accessory lobes. GABAergic tangential neurons that innervate the lower division of the central body arborize in close proximity of columnar neurons and thus may directly inhibit these central complex output neurons. A subset of these GABAergic tangential neurons accumulates cyclic GMP following the release of nitric oxide from neurites in the upper division of the central body. While sound production stimulated by muscarine injection into the central complex is suppressed by co-application of sodium nitroprusside, picrotoxin-stimulated singing was not affected by co-application of this nitric oxide donor, indicating that nitric oxide mediated inhibition requires functional GABA signaling. Hence, grasshopper sound production is controlled by processing of information in the lower division of the central body which is subject to modulation by nitric oxide released from neurons in the upper division."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1371/journal.pone.0025613"],["dc.identifier.isi","000295936900081"],["dc.identifier.pmid","21980504"],["dc.identifier.purl","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gs-1/8338"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/21982"],["dc.notes.intern","Merged from goescholar"],["dc.notes.status","zu prüfen"],["dc.notes.submitter","Najko"],["dc.publisher","Public Library Science"],["dc.relation.issn","1932-6203"],["dc.rights","CC BY 2.5"],["dc.rights.uri","https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5"],["dc.title","Neurochemical Architecture of the Central Complex Related to Its Function in the Control of Grasshopper Acoustic Communication"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","yes"],["dc.type.status","published"],["dc.type.version","published_version"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.artnumber","223"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","10"],["dc.contributor.author","Hahn, Nina"],["dc.contributor.author","Knorr, Debbra Y."],["dc.contributor.author","Liebig, Johannes"],["dc.contributor.author","Wüstefeld, Liane"],["dc.contributor.author","Peters, Karsten"],["dc.contributor.author","Ehrenreich, Hannelore"],["dc.contributor.author","Heinrich, Ralf"],["dc.contributor.author","Büscher, Marita"],["dc.contributor.author","Bucher, Gregor"],["dc.date.accessioned","2018-03-08T09:22:14Z"],["dc.date.available","2018-03-08T09:22:14Z"],["dc.date.issued","2017"],["dc.description.abstract","The cytokine erythropoietin (Epo) mediates various cell homeostatic responses to environmental challenges and pathological insults. While stimulation of vertebrate erythrocyte production is mediated by homodimeric “classical” Epo receptors, alternative receptors are involved in neuroprotection. However, their identity remains enigmatic due to complex cytokine ligand and receptor interactions and conflicting experimental results. Besides the classical Epo receptor, the family of type I cytokine receptors also includes the poorly characterized orphan cytokine receptor-like factor 3 (CRLF3) present in vertebrates including human and various insect species. By making use of the more simple genetic makeup of insect model systems, we studied whether CRLF3 is a neuroprotective Epo receptor in animals. We identified a single ortholog of CRLF3 in the beetle Tribolium castaneum, and established protocols for primary neuronal cell cultures from Tribolium brains and efficient in vitro RNA interference. Recombinant human Epo as well as the non-erythropoietic Epo splice variant EV-3 increased the survival of serum-deprived brain neurons, confirming the previously described neuroprotective effect of Epo in insects. Moreover, Epo completely prevented hypoxia-induced apoptotic cell death of primary neuronal cultures. Knockdown of CRLF3 expression by RNA interference with two different double stranded RNA (dsRNA) fragments abolished the neuroprotective effect of Epo, indicating that CRLF3 is a crucial component of the insect Epo-responsive receptor. This suggests that a common urbilaterian ancestor of the orphan human and insect cytokine receptor CRLF3 served as a neuroprotective receptor for an Epo-like cytokine. Our work also suggests that vertebrate CRLF3, like its insect ortholog, might represent a tissue protection-mediating receptor."],["dc.description.sponsorship","Open-Access-Publikationsfonds 2017"],["dc.identifier.doi","10.3389/fnmol.2017.00223"],["dc.identifier.purl","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gs-1/14838"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/12916"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.intern","GRO-Li-Import"],["dc.notes.intern","Merged from goescholar"],["dc.notes.status","final"],["dc.publisher","Frontiers Media S.A."],["dc.relation.doi","10.3389/fnmol.2017.00223"],["dc.relation.eissn","1662-5099"],["dc.relation.issn","1662-5099"],["dc.relation.issn","1662-5099"],["dc.rights","CC BY 4.0"],["dc.rights.uri","https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"],["dc.title","The Insect Ortholog of the Human Orphan Cytokine Receptor CRLF3 Is a Neuroprotective Erythropoietin Receptor"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.version","published_version"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.artnumber","24"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","2"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Journal of Clinical Medicine"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","7"],["dc.contributor.author","Ostrowski, Daniela"],["dc.contributor.author","Heinrich, Ralf"],["dc.date.accessioned","2019-07-12T09:35:06Z"],["dc.date.available","2019-07-12T09:35:06Z"],["dc.date.issued","2018"],["dc.description.abstract","In addition to its regulatory function in the formation of red blood cells (erythropoiesis) in vertebrates, Erythropoietin (Epo) contributes to beneficial functions in a variety of non-hematopoietic tissues including the nervous system. Epo protects cells from apoptosis, reduces inflammatory responses and supports re-establishment of compromised functions by stimulating proliferation, migration and differentiation to compensate for lost or injured cells. Similar neuroprotective and regenerative functions of Epo have been described in the nervous systems of both vertebrates and invertebrates, indicating that tissue-protective Epo-like signaling has evolved prior to its erythropoietic function in the vertebrate lineage. Epo mediates its erythropoietic function through a homodimeric Epo receptor (EpoR) that is also widely expressed in the nervous system. However, identification of neuroprotective but non-erythropoietic Epo splice variants and Epo derivatives indicated the existence of other types of Epo receptors. In this review, we summarize evidence for potential Epo receptors that might mediate Epo's tissue-protective function in non-hematopoietic tissue, with focus on the nervous system. In particular, besides EpoR, we discuss three other potential neuroprotective Epo receptors: (1) a heteroreceptor consisting of EpoR and common beta receptor (βcR), (2) the Ephrin (Eph) B4 receptor and (3) the human orphan cytokine receptor-like factor 3 (CRLF3)."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.3390/jcm7020024"],["dc.identifier.pmid","29393890"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/61476"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.intern","DeepGreen Import"],["dc.publisher","MDPI"],["dc.relation.eissn","2077-0383"],["dc.relation.issn","2077-0383"],["dc.rights","https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"],["dc.title","Alternative Erythropoietin Receptors in the Nervous System"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Frontiers in Physiology"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","12"],["dc.contributor.author","Knorr, Debbra Y."],["dc.contributor.author","Hartung, Denise"],["dc.contributor.author","Schneider, Kristin"],["dc.contributor.author","Hintz, Luzia"],["dc.contributor.author","Pies, Hanna S."],["dc.contributor.author","Heinrich, Ralf"],["dc.date.accessioned","2021-06-01T09:42:27Z"],["dc.date.available","2021-06-01T09:42:27Z"],["dc.date.issued","2021"],["dc.description.abstract","The cytokine receptor-like factor 3 (CRLF3) is an evolutionary conserved class 1 cytokine receptor present in all major eumetazoan groups. Endogenous CRLF3 ligands have not been identified and the physiological responses mediated by mammalian CRLF3 are poorly characterized. Insect CRLF3 is activated by erythropoietin (Epo) and several related molecules that protect mammalian neurons from stress-induced apoptosis. However, insects neither express Epo nor “classical” Epo receptor. Cell-protective effects of insect hemolymph have been described for several species. In this study, we explored the possibility that the endogenous CRLF3 ligand is contained in locust hemolymph. PCR analyses confirmed expression of crfl3 -transcripts in neurons and hemocytes of Locusta migratoria and Tribolium castaneum . Survival of locust hemocytes in primary cultures was significantly increased by supplementation of culture medium with locust hemolymph serum. Locust primary neuron cultures were also protected by locust hemolymph, though preceding exposure to fetal bovine serum changed the hemolymph dose-dependency of neuroprotection. Direct comparison of 10% hemolymph serum with recombinant human Epo in its optimal neuroprotective concentration revealed equivalent anti-apoptotic effects on hypoxia-exposed locust neurons. The same concentration of locust hemolymph serum also protected hypoxia-exposed T. castaneum neurons. This indicates that the neuroprotective factor in locust hemolymph is sufficiently conserved in insects to allow activation of neuroprotective receptors in different species. Locust hemolymph-induced neuroprotection in both L. migratoria and T. castaneum was abolished after RNAi-mediated suppression of crlf3 -expression. In summary, we report the presence of a conserved endogenous cytokine in locust hemolymph that activates CRLF3 and connected anti-apoptotic processes in hemocytes and neurons. Identification and characterization of the CRLF3 ligand will promote knowledge about cytokine evolution and may unravel cell-protective agents with potential clinical application."],["dc.description.sponsorship","Open-Access-Publikationsfonds 2021"],["dc.identifier.doi","10.3389/fphys.2021.648245"],["dc.identifier.purl","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gs-1/17846"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/85257"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.intern","DOI-Import GROB-425"],["dc.notes.intern","Merged from goescholar"],["dc.publisher","Frontiers Media S.A."],["dc.relation.eissn","1664-042X"],["dc.rights","http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"],["dc.rights.uri","https://goescholar.uni-goettingen.de/licenses"],["dc.title","Locust Hemolymph Conveys Erythropoietin-Like Cytoprotection via Activation of the Cytokine Receptor CRLF3"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.version","published_version"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","12"],["dc.contributor.author","Hahn, Nina"],["dc.contributor.author","Büschgens, Luca"],["dc.contributor.author","Schwedhelm-Domeyer, Nicola"],["dc.contributor.author","Bank, Sarah"],["dc.contributor.author","Geurten, Bart R. H."],["dc.contributor.author","Neugebauer, Pia"],["dc.contributor.author","Massih, Bita"],["dc.contributor.author","Göpfert, Martin C."],["dc.contributor.author","Heinrich, Ralf"],["dc.date.accessioned","2020-12-10T18:44:35Z"],["dc.date.available","2020-12-10T18:44:35Z"],["dc.date.issued","2019"],["dc.description.abstract","The orphan cytokine receptor-like factor 3 (CRLF3) was identified as a neuroprotective erythropoietin receptor in locust neurons and emerged with the evolution of the eumetazoan nervous system. Human CRLF3 belongs to class I helical cytokine receptors that mediate pleiotropic cellular reactions to injury and diverse physiological challenges. It is expressed in various tissues including the central nervous system but its ligand remains unidentified. A CRLF3 ortholog in the holometabolous beetle Tribolium castaneum was recently shown to induce anti-apoptotic mechanisms upon stimulation with human recombinant erythropoietin. To test the hypothesis that CRLF3 represents an ancient cell-protective receptor for erythropoietin-like cytokines, we investigated its presence across metazoan species. Furthermore, we examined CRLF3 expression and function in the hemimetabolous insect Locusta migratoria. Phylogenetic analysis of CRLF3 sequences indicated that CRLF3 is absent in Porifera, Placozoa and Ctenophora, all lacking the traditional nervous system. However, it is present in all major eumetazoan groups ranging from cnidarians over protostomians to mammals. The CRLF3 sequence is highly conserved and abundant amongst vertebrates. In contrast, relatively few invertebrates express CRLF3 and these sequences show greater variability, suggesting frequent loss due to low functional importance. In L. migratoria, we identified the transcript Lm-crlf3 by RACE-PCR and detected its expression in locust brain, skeletal muscle and hemocytes. These findings correspond to the ubiquitous expression of crlf3 in mammalian tissues. We demonstrate that the sole addition of double-stranded RNA to the culture medium (called soaking RNA interference) specifically interferes with protein expression in locust primary brain cell cultures. This technique was used to knock down Lm-crlf3 expression and to abolish its physiological function. We confirmed that recombinant human erythropoietin rescues locust brain neurons from hypoxia-induced apoptosis and showed that this neuroprotective effect is absent after knocking down Lm-crlf3. Our results affirm the erythropoietin-induced neuroprotective function of CRLF3 in a second insect species from a different taxonomic group. They suggest that the phylogenetically conserved CRLF3 receptor may function as a cell protective receptor for erythropoietin or a structurally related cytokine also in other animals including vertebrate and mammalian species."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.3389/fnmol.2019.00251"],["dc.identifier.eissn","1662-5099"],["dc.identifier.purl","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gs-1/16484"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/78513"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.intern","DOI Import GROB-354"],["dc.notes.intern","Merged from goescholar"],["dc.publisher","Frontiers Media S.A."],["dc.relation.eissn","1662-5099"],["dc.rights","CC BY 4.0"],["dc.rights.uri","https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"],["dc.title","The Orphan Cytokine Receptor CRLF3 Emerged With the Origin of the Nervous System and Is a Neuroprotective Erythropoietin Receptor in Locusts"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.version","published_version"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","763"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","8"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY A-NEUROETHOLOGY SENSORY NEURAL AND BEHAVIORAL PHYSIOLOGY"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","776"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","194"],["dc.contributor.author","Weinrich, Anja"],["dc.contributor.author","Kunst, Michael"],["dc.contributor.author","Wirmer, Andrea"],["dc.contributor.author","Holstein, Gay R."],["dc.contributor.author","Heinrich, Ralf"],["dc.date.accessioned","2018-11-07T11:12:31Z"],["dc.date.available","2018-11-07T11:12:31Z"],["dc.date.issued","2008"],["dc.description.abstract","The central complex of acridid grasshoppers integrates sensory information pertinent to reproduction-related acoustic communication. Activation of nitric oxide (NO)/cyclic GMP-signaling by injection of NO donors into the central complex of restrained Chorthippus biguttulus females suppresses muscarine-stimulated sound production. In contrast, sound production is released by aminoguanidine (AG)-mediated inhibition of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in the central body, suggesting a basal release of NO that suppresses singing in this situation. Using anti-citrulline immunocytochemistry to detect recent NO production, subtypes of columnar neurons with somata located in the pars intercerebralis and tangential neurons with somata in the ventro-median protocerebrum were distinctly labeled. Their arborizations in the central body upper division overlap with expression patterns for NOS and with the site of injection where NO donors suppress sound production. Systemic application of AG increases the responsiveness of unrestrained females to male calling songs. Identical treatment with the NOS inhibitor that increased male song-stimulated sound production in females induced a marked reduction of citrulline accumulation in central complex columnar and tangential neurons. We conclude that behavioral situations that are unfavorable for sound production (like being restrained) activate NOS-expressing central body neurons to release NO and elevate the behavioral threshold for sound production in female grasshoppers."],["dc.description.sponsorship","Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [HE 3301/2]"],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1007/s00359-008-0347-x"],["dc.identifier.isi","000258655900007"],["dc.identifier.pmid","18574586"],["dc.identifier.purl","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?goescholar/3512"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/53685"],["dc.notes.intern","Merged from goescholar"],["dc.notes.status","zu prüfen"],["dc.notes.submitter","Najko"],["dc.publisher","Springer"],["dc.relation.issn","0340-7594"],["dc.rights","Goescholar"],["dc.rights.uri","https://goescholar.uni-goettingen.de/licenses"],["dc.title","Suppression of grasshopper sound production by nitric oxide-releasing neurons of the central complex"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","yes"],["dc.type.status","published"],["dc.type.version","published_version"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]