Thies, Carsten

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","612"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","10"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Forests"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","9"],["dc.contributor.author","Grüning, Maren"],["dc.contributor.author","Germeshausen, Franziska"],["dc.contributor.author","Thies, Carsten"],["dc.contributor.author","l.-M.-Arnold, Anne"],["dc.date.accessioned","2019-07-09T11:49:44Z"],["dc.date.available","2019-07-09T11:49:44Z"],["dc.date.issued","2018"],["dc.description.abstract","Forest soils are major sinks of terrestrial carbon, but this function may be threatened by mass outbreak events of forest pests. Here, we measured soil CO2-C and N2O-N fluxes from a Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) forest that was heavily infested by the nun moth (Lymantria monacha L.) and an adjacent noninfested (control) forest site during one year. In the infested forest, net emissions of CO2-C were higher during main defoliation, summer and autumn, while indications of increased N2O-N emissions were found at one sampling date. On basis of this, a microcosm incubation experiment with different organic matter treatments was conducted. Soil treatments with needle litter, insect feces plus needle litter, and insect feces showed 3.7-, 10.6-, and 13.5-fold higher CO2-C emissions while N2O-N of the insect feces plus needle litter, and insect feces treatment was 8.9-, and 10.4-fold higher compared with soil treatments without added organic matter (control). Hence, the defoliation in combination with high inputs of organic matter during insect outbreaks distinctly accelerate decomposition processes in pine forest soils, which in turn alters forests nutrient cycling and the functioning of forests as carbon sinks."],["dc.description.sponsorship","Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"],["dc.identifier.doi","10.3390/f9100612"],["dc.identifier.purl","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gs-1/15753"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/59616"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.intern","Merged from goescholar"],["dc.publisher","MDPI"],["dc.relation.eissn","1999-4907"],["dc.rights","CC BY 4.0"],["dc.rights.uri","http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"],["dc.subject.ddc","570"],["dc.title","Increased Forest Soil CO2 and N2O Emissions During Insect Infestation"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.version","published_version"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","160361"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","10"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Royal Society Open Science"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","3"],["dc.contributor.author","l-M-Arnold, Anne"],["dc.contributor.author","Grüning, Maren"],["dc.contributor.author","Simon, Judy"],["dc.contributor.author","Reinhardt, Annett-Barbara"],["dc.contributor.author","Lamersdorf, Norbert"],["dc.contributor.author","Thies, Carsten"],["dc.date.accessioned","2019-07-09T11:42:58Z"],["dc.date.available","2019-07-09T11:42:58Z"],["dc.date.issued","2016"],["dc.description.abstract","Climate change may foster pest epidemics in forests, and thereby the fluxes of elements that are indicators of ecosystem functioning. We examined compounds of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) in insect faeces, leaf litter, throughfall and analysed the soils of deciduous oak forests (Quercus petraea L.) that were heavily infested by the leaf herbivores winter moth (Operophtera brumata L.) and mottled umber (Erannis defoliaria L.). In infested forests, total net canopy-to-soil fluxes of C and N deriving from insect faeces, leaf litter and throughfall were 30- and 18-fold higher compared with uninfested oak forests, with 4333 kg C ha−1 and 319 kg N ha−1, respectively, during a pest outbreak over 3 years. In infested forests, C and N levels in soil solutions were enhanced and C/N ratios in humus layers were reduced indicating an extended canopy-to-soil element pathway compared with the non-infested forests. In a microcosm incubation experiment, soil treatments with insect faeces showed 16-fold higher fluxes of carbon dioxide and 10-fold higher fluxes of dissolved organic carbon compared with soil treatments without added insect faeces (control). Thus, the deposition of high rates of nitrogen and rapidly decomposable carbon compounds in the course of forest pest epidemics appears to stimulate soil microbial activity (i.e. heterotrophic respiration), and therefore, may represent an important mechanism by which climate change can initiate a carbon cycle feedback."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1098/rsos.160361"],["dc.identifier.pmid","27853551"],["dc.identifier.purl","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gs-1/14063"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/58800"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.relation.issn","2054-5703"],["dc.rights.access","openAccess"],["dc.title","Forest defoliator pests alter carbon and nitrogen cycles"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]