Leuschner, Christoph

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","1696"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","10"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Tree Physiology"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","1712"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","39"],["dc.contributor.author","Waite, Pierre-André"],["dc.contributor.author","Schuldt, Bernhard"],["dc.contributor.author","Mathias Link, Roman"],["dc.contributor.author","Breidenbach, Natalie"],["dc.contributor.author","Triadiati, Triadiati"],["dc.contributor.author","Hennings, Nina"],["dc.contributor.author","Saad, Asmadi"],["dc.contributor.author","Leuschner, Christoph"],["dc.date.accessioned","2020-12-10T18:19:42Z"],["dc.date.available","2020-12-10T18:19:42Z"],["dc.date.issued","2019"],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1093/treephys/tpz061"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/75346"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.intern","DOI Import GROB-354"],["dc.relation","SFB 990: Ökologische und sozioökonomische Funktionen tropischer Tieflandregenwald-Transformationssysteme (Sumatra, Indonesien)"],["dc.relation","SFB 990 | A | A04: Carbon stock, turnover and functions in heavily weathered soils under lowland rainforest transformation systems"],["dc.relation","SFB 990 | B | B03: Plant genetic diversity in tropical lowland rainforest transformation systems"],["dc.relation","SFB 990 | B | B04: Pflanzenproduktivität und Ressourcenaufteilung im Wurzelraum entlang von Gradienten tropischer Landnutzungsintensität und Baumartenvielfalt"],["dc.subject.gro","sfb990_journalarticles"],["dc.title","Soil moisture regime and palm height influence embolism resistance in oil palm"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.subtype","original_ja"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","3620"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","10"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Global Change Biology"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","3634"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","21"],["dc.contributor.author","Kotowska, Martyna M."],["dc.contributor.author","Leuschner, Christoph"],["dc.contributor.author","Triadiati, Triadiati"],["dc.contributor.author","Meriem, Selis"],["dc.contributor.author","Hertel, Dietrich"],["dc.date.accessioned","2018-07-26T16:30:03Z"],["dc.date.available","2018-07-26T16:30:03Z"],["dc.date.issued","2015"],["dc.description.abstract","Natural forests in South‐East Asia have been extensively converted into other land‐use systems in the past decades and still show high deforestation rates. Historically, lowland forests have been converted into rubber forests, but more recently, the dominant conversion is into oil palm plantations. While it is expected that the large‐scale conversion has strong effects on the carbon cycle, detailed studies quantifying carbon pools and total net primary production (NPPtotal) in above‐ and belowground tree biomass in land‐use systems replacing rainforest (incl. oil palm plantations) are rare so far. We measured above‐ and belowground carbon pools in tree biomass together with NPPtotal in natural old‐growth forests, ‘jungle rubber’ agroforests under natural tree cover, and rubber and oil palm monocultures in Sumatra. In total, 32 stands (eight plot replicates per land‐use system) were studied in two different regions. Total tree biomass in the natural forest (mean: 384 Mg ha−1) was more than two times higher than in jungle rubber stands (147 Mg ha−1) and >four times higher than in monoculture rubber and oil palm plantations (78 and 50 Mg ha−1). NPPtotal was higher in the natural forest (24 Mg ha−1 yr−1) than in the rubber systems (20 and 15 Mg ha−1 yr−1), but was highest in the oil palm system (33 Mg ha−1 yr−1) due to very high fruit production (15–20 Mg ha−1 yr−1). NPPtotal was dominated in all systems by aboveground production, but belowground productivity was significantly higher in the natural forest and jungle rubber than in plantations. We conclude that conversion of natural lowland forest into different agricultural systems leads to a strong reduction not only in the biomass carbon pool (up to 166 Mg C ha−1) but also in carbon sequestration as carbon residence time (i.e. biomass‐C:NPP‐C) was 3–10 times higher in the natural forest than in rubber and oil palm plantations."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1111/gcb.12979"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/15201"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.status","final"],["dc.relation","SFB 990: Ökologische und sozioökonomische Funktionen tropischer Tieflandregenwald-Transformationssysteme (Sumatra, Indonesien)"],["dc.relation","SFB 990 | B | B04: Pflanzenproduktivität und Ressourcenaufteilung im Wurzelraum entlang von Gradienten tropischer Landnutzungsintensität und Baumartenvielfalt"],["dc.subject.gro","sfb990_journalarticles"],["dc.title","Quantifying above‐ and belowground biomass carbon loss with forest conversion in tropical lowlands of Sumatra (Indonesia)"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","unknown"],["dc.type.subtype","original_ja"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","349"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","1-2"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Plant and Soil"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","369"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","422"],["dc.contributor.author","Rajab, Yasmin Abou"],["dc.contributor.author","Hölscher, Dirk"],["dc.contributor.author","Leuschner, Christoph"],["dc.contributor.author","Barus, Henry"],["dc.contributor.author","Tjoa, Aiyen"],["dc.contributor.author","Hertel, Dietrich"],["dc.date.accessioned","2018-01-09T15:04:15Z"],["dc.date.available","2018-01-09T15:04:15Z"],["dc.date.issued","2018"],["dc.description.abstract","Background and Aims To increase yield, cacao is planted increasingly in unshaded monocultures, replacing a more traditional cultivation under shade. We investigated how shade tree cover and species diversity affect the root system and its dynamics. Methods In a replicated study in Sulawesi (Indonesia), we studied the fine and coarse root system down to 3 m soil depth in three modern and more traditional cacao cultivation systems: unshaded cacao monoculture (Cacao-mono), cacao under either the legume Gliricidia sepium (Cacao-Gliricidia), or a diverse (> 6 species) shade tree cover (Cacao-multi). We analysed the vertical distribution of fine, large and coarse roots as well as fine root production, turnover and morphology on the species level. Results Stand-level fine root biomass showed a doubling with increasing shade tree cover (from 206 to 432 g m−2), but a tendency for a decrease in cacao fine root biomass. The presence of Gliricidia roots seemed to shift the cacao fine roots to a more shallow distribution, while the presence of shade tree roots in the Cacao-multi systems caused a biomass reduction and relative downward shift of the cacao roots. The turnover of cacao fine roots was much higher in the Cacao-multi stands than in the other two cultivation systems, although stand-level root production remained unchanged across the three systems. According to the stable isotope signature, Gliricidia extracted water from deeper soil layers than cacao, while no soil water partitioning was observed in the Cacao-multi stands. Conclusions Our data suggest that the cacao trees altered their fine root distribution patterns in response to root competition. Both interspecific competition and root system segregation seem to play an important role in cacao agroforests with different shade tree cover."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1007/s11104-017-3456-x"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/11617"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.status","final"],["dc.notes.status","final"],["dc.relation","SFB 990: Ökologische und sozioökonomische Funktionen tropischer Tieflandregenwald-Transformationssysteme (Sumatra, Indonesien)"],["dc.relation","SFB 990 | B | B04: Pflanzenproduktivität und Ressourcenaufteilung im Wurzelraum entlang von Gradienten tropischer Landnutzungsintensität und Baumartenvielfalt"],["dc.subject.gro","sfb990_journalarticles"],["dc.title","Effects of shade tree cover and diversity on root system structure and dynamics in cacao agroforests"],["dc.title.subtitle","The role of root competition and space partitioning"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","unknown"],["dc.type.subtype","original_ja"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","160"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Agricultural and Forest Meteorology"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","171"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","274"],["dc.contributor.author","Röll, Alexander"],["dc.contributor.author","Niu, F."],["dc.contributor.author","Meijide Orive, Ana"],["dc.contributor.author","Ahongshangbam, J."],["dc.contributor.author","Ehbrecht, M."],["dc.contributor.author","Guillaume, T."],["dc.contributor.author","Gunawan, D."],["dc.contributor.author","Hardanto, A."],["dc.contributor.author","Hendrayanto, null"],["dc.contributor.author","Hertel, Dietrich"],["dc.contributor.author","Kotowska, M.M."],["dc.contributor.author","Kreft, H."],["dc.contributor.author","Kuzyakov, Yakov"],["dc.contributor.author","Leuschner, Christoph"],["dc.contributor.author","Nomura, M."],["dc.contributor.author","Polle, Andrea"],["dc.contributor.author","Rembold, K."],["dc.contributor.author","Sahner, J."],["dc.contributor.author","Seidel, Dominik"],["dc.contributor.author","Zemp, D.C."],["dc.contributor.author","Knohl, Alexander"],["dc.contributor.author","Hölscher, Dirk"],["dc.date.accessioned","2019-11-14T15:27:44Z"],["dc.date.available","2019-11-14T15:27:44Z"],["dc.date.issued","2019"],["dc.description.abstract","Following large-scale conversion of rainforest, rubber and oil palm plantations dominate lowland Sumatra (Indonesia) and other parts of South East Asia today, with potentially far-reaching ecohydrological consequences. We assessed how such land-use change affects plant transpiration by sap flux measurements at 42 sites in selectively logged rainforests, agroforests and rubber and oil palm monoculture plantations in the lowlands of Sumatra. Site-to-site variability in stand-scale transpiration and tree-level water use were explained by stand structure, productivity, soil properties and plantation age. Along a land-use change trajectory forest-rubber-oil palm, time-averaged transpiration decreases by 43 ± 11% from forest to rubber monoculture plantations, but rebounds with conversion to smallholder oil palm plantations. We uncovered that particularly commercial, intensive oil palm cultivation leads to high transpiration (827 ± 77 mm yr −1), substantially surpassing rates at our forest sites (589 ± 52 mm yr −1). Compared to smallholder oil palm, land-use intensification leads to 1.7-times higher transpiration in commercial plantations. Combined with severe soil degradation, the high transpiration may cause periodical water scarcity for humans in oil palm-dominated landscapes. As oil palm is projected to further expand, severe shifts in water cycling after land-cover change and water scarcity due to land-use intensification may become more widesprea"],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1016/j.agrformet.2019.04.017"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/62625"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.relation","SFB 990: Ökologische und sozioökonomische Funktionen tropischer Tieflandregenwald-Transformationssysteme (Sumatra, Indonesien)"],["dc.relation","SFB 990 | A | A02: Wassernutzungseigenschaften von Bäumen und Palmen in Regenwald-Transformationssystemen Zusammenfassung"],["dc.relation","SFB 990 | A | A03: Untersuchung von Land-Atmosphäre Austauschprozesse in Landnutzungsänderungs-Systemen"],["dc.relation","SFB 990 | A | A04: Carbon stock, turnover and functions in heavily weathered soils under lowland rainforest transformation systems"],["dc.relation","SFB 990 | B | B04: Pflanzenproduktivität und Ressourcenaufteilung im Wurzelraum entlang von Gradienten tropischer Landnutzungsintensität und Baumartenvielfalt"],["dc.relation","SFB 990 | B | B06: Taxonomische, funktionelle, phylogenetische und biogeographische Diversität vaskulärer Pflanzen in Regenwald-Transformationssystemen auf Sumatra (Indonesien)"],["dc.relation","SFB 990 | B | B07: Functional diversity of mycorrhizal fungi along a tropical land-use gradient"],["dc.relation","SFB 990 | B | B11: Biodiversitäts-Anreicherung in Ölpalmen-Plantagen: Pflanzliche Sukzession und Integration"],["dc.relation.issn","0168-1923"],["dc.relation.orgunit","Zentrum für Biodiversität und Nachhaltige Landnutzung"],["dc.relation.orgunit","Department für Nutzpflanzenwissenschaften"],["dc.relation.orgunit","Fakultät für Agrarwissenschaften"],["dc.relation.orgunit","Abteilung Pflanzenbau"],["dc.relation.orgunit","Abteilung Bioklimatologie"],["dc.subject.gro","sfb990_journalarticles"],["dc.title","Transpiration on the rebound in lowland Sumatra"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.subtype","original_ja"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","601"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","2"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Oecologia"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","618"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","180"],["dc.contributor.author","Kotowska, Martyna M."],["dc.contributor.author","Leuschner, Christoph"],["dc.contributor.author","Triadiati, Triadiati"],["dc.contributor.author","Hertel, Dietrich"],["dc.date.accessioned","2018-07-19T14:33:27Z"],["dc.date.available","2018-07-19T14:33:27Z"],["dc.date.issued","2016"],["dc.description.abstract","Tropical landscapes are not only rapidly transformed by ongoing land-use change, but are additionally confronted by increasing seasonal climate variation. There is an increasing demand for studies analyzing the effects and feedbacks on ecosystem functioning of large-scale conversions of tropical natural forest into intensively managed cash crop agriculture. We analyzed the seasonality of aboveground litterfall, fine root litter production, and aboveground woody biomass production (ANPPwoody) in natural lowland forests, rubber agroforests under natural tree cover (“jungle rubber”), rubber and oil palm monocultures along a forest-to-agriculture transformation gradient in Sumatra. We hypothesized that the temporal fluctuation of litter production increases with increasing land-use intensity, while the associated nutrient fluxes and nutrient use efficiency (NUE) decrease. Indeed, the seasonal variation of aboveground litter production and ANPPwoody increased from the natural forest to the plantations, while aboveground litterfall generally decreased. Nutrient return through aboveground litter was mostly highest in the natural forest; however, it was significantly lower only in rubber plantations. NUE of N, P and K was lowest in the oil palm plantations, with natural forest and the rubber systems showing comparably high values. Root litter production was generally lower than leaf litter production in all systems, while the root-to-leaf ratio of litter C flux increased along the land-use intensity gradient. Our results suggest that nutrient and C cycles are more directly affected by climate seasonality in species-poor agricultural systems than in species-rich forests, and therefore might be more susceptible to inter-annual climate fluctuation and climate change."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1007/s00442-015-3481-5"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/15191"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.status","final"],["dc.relation","SFB 990 | B | B04: Pflanzenproduktivität und Ressourcenaufteilung im Wurzelraum entlang von Gradienten tropischer Landnutzungsintensität und Baumartenvielfalt"],["dc.relation.issn","0029-8549"],["dc.subject.gro","sfb990_journalarticles"],["dc.title","Conversion of tropical lowland forest reduces nutrient return through litterfall, and alters nutrient use efficiency and seasonality of net primary production"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","unknown"],["dc.type.subtype","original_ja"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]