Leuschner, Christoph

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","1083"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","6"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Ecosystems"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","1100"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","18"],["dc.contributor.author","Müller-Haubold, Hilmar"],["dc.contributor.author","Hertel, Dietrich"],["dc.contributor.author","Leuschner, Christoph"],["dc.date.accessioned","2018-07-26T15:44:22Z"],["dc.date.available","2018-07-26T15:44:22Z"],["dc.date.issued","2015"],["dc.description.abstract","European beech shows mast fruiting at intervals of 2–20 years with a recent increase in frequency. It is not precisely known which climatic or endogenous factors are the proximate causes of masting. We recorded fruit mass production in 11 beech stands across a climate gradient over 4 years, analyzed the influence of climatic, edaphic, and stand structural parameters on fructification, and quantified carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) allocation to leaf and fruit mass production. The solar radiation total in June and July of the year preceding a mast year (JJ−1) was the parameter most closely related to fruit mass production, whereas no influence was found for drought. Radiation induced flowering and subsequent fruit production in beech apparently through a threshold response when the long-term mean of June-July radiation was exceeded by more than 5%. Full masting was associated with a significantly smaller leaf size and stand leaf area in the mast year and it significantly lowered foliar N content in the mast and post-mast year. We conclude that radiation totals and the N status of the foliage jointly govern the temporal pattern of masting in beech, presumably by controlling the photosynthetic activity in early summer. Anthropogenic increases in N deposition and atmospheric [CO2] thus have the potential to increase masting frequency which can substantially alter forest productivity and forest biogeochemical cycles."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1007/s10021-015-9885-6"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/15198"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.status","final"],["dc.title","Climatic Drivers of Mast Fruiting in European Beech and Resulting C and N Allocation Shifts"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","unknown"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","563"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","5"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Acta Oecologica"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","572"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","35"],["dc.contributor.author","Dulamsuren, Choimaa"],["dc.contributor.author","Hauck, Markus"],["dc.contributor.author","Nyambayar, Suran"],["dc.contributor.author","Osokhjargal, Dalaikhuu"],["dc.contributor.author","Leuschner, Christoph"],["dc.date.accessioned","2018-11-07T11:24:27Z"],["dc.date.available","2018-11-07T11:24:27Z"],["dc.date.issued","2009"],["dc.description.abstract","The potential of Siberian elm (Ulmus pumila) to regenerate from seeds was experimentally studied on south-facing slopes in the northern Mongolian mountain taiga. These slopes are covered with a vegetation mosaic of different steppe Communities and small, savanna-like, U. pumila open woodlands. The hypothesis is tested that the xeric microclimate and high herbivore densities limit the success of seedling establishment in U. pumila and thereby prevent elm from complete encroachment of the grassland-dominated slopes. Seeds were sown and 2-yr-old seedlings were planted prior to the growing season. The water Supply was manipulated by irrigation, as was the feeding pressure by caterpillars with an insecticide. Large herbivores were excluded by fencing. Seeds germinated throughout the summer, but the emerged seedlings did not survive for more than 2 or 3 weeks. Germination rates increased with increasing soil water content and decreasing soil temperatures. Many seeds were consumed by granivores. Most planted 2-yr-old seedlings survived the two growing seasons covered by the study. However, the seedlings suffered from feeding damage by insects (gypsy moth, grasshoppers) and small mammals, from nitrogen deficiency and, to a lesser degree, from drought. The results suggest that high susceptibility of newly emerged seedlings to environmental stresses is a serious bottle neck for U. pumila that prevents them from the formation of closed forests on northern Mongolia's steppe slopes, whereas the probability for seedling survival after this early stage is high. (C) 2009 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1016/j.actao.2009.05.002"],["dc.identifier.isi","000270748300001"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/56408"],["dc.notes.status","zu prüfen"],["dc.notes.submitter","Najko"],["dc.publisher","Gauthier-villars/editions Elsevier"],["dc.relation.issn","1146-609X"],["dc.title","Establishment of Ulmus pumila seedlings on steppe slopes of the northern Mongolian mountain taiga"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","yes"],["dc.type.status","published"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","648"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","4"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Forest Ecology and Management"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","655"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","256"],["dc.contributor.author","Lendzion, Jasmin"],["dc.contributor.author","Leuschner, Christoph"],["dc.date.accessioned","2018-11-07T11:12:12Z"],["dc.date.available","2018-11-07T11:12:12Z"],["dc.date.issued","2008"],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1016/j.foreco.2008.05.008"],["dc.identifier.isi","000258361200018"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/53609"],["dc.notes.status","zu prüfen"],["dc.notes.submitter","Najko"],["dc.publisher","Elsevier Science Bv"],["dc.relation.issn","0378-1127"],["dc.title","Growth of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) saplings is limited by elevated atmospheric vapour pressure deficits"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","yes"],["dc.type.status","published"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","136"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Biological Conservation"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","145"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","157"],["dc.contributor.author","Hauck, Markus"],["dc.contributor.author","de Bruyn, Uwe"],["dc.contributor.author","Leuschner, Christoph"],["dc.date.accessioned","2018-08-13T17:13:02Z"],["dc.date.available","2018-08-13T17:13:02Z"],["dc.date.issued","2013"],["dc.description.abstract","Comparing data of epiphytic lichen diversity in semi-natural broad-leaved forests in north-western Germany from the 19th to early 20th centuries with recent inventories revealed strong changes, even though forest structure and tree species composition had changed only little. In three study areas, between 55% and 70% of the species became rarer during the 100–150-year long observation period. In the spatially extended study areas Weser-Ems Lowlands and Solling Mountains, 36% or 39% of the species, respectively, could not be rediscovered in the recent survey. Considering that species might have been overlooked during revisitation, the extinction rate was estimated to be 28% in the Weser-Ems Lowlands and 30% in the Solling Mountains based on a estimated probability for recovering the species of 75% in crustose lichens and 90% in foliose and fruticose lichens. The main causes of the species decline are thought to be forest management (especially the reduction of overmature and decaying trees), the reduction of soil moisture and, with it, air humidity due to drainage as well as the deposition of acidifying and fertilizing substances from the atmosphere. Lichens specialized on rain-sheltered bark furrows and cavities of old trees or smooth, shady bark or moist thick-stemmed deadwood in the forest interior have suffered the strongest declines, including the epiphyte flora of Fagus sylvatica, Central Europe’s most abundant native forest tree species. Only few lichens which benefit from nitrogen deposition, global warming or the acidification of bark due to sulphur dioxide pollution have spread."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1016/j.biocon.2012.06.015"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/15271"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.status","final"],["dc.title","Dramatic diversity losses in epiphytic lichens in temperate broad-leaved forests during the last 150 years"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","unknown"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","256"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Forest Ecology and Management"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","268"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","444"],["dc.contributor.author","Kirfel, Kristina"],["dc.contributor.author","Heinze, Stefanie"],["dc.contributor.author","Hertel, Dietrich"],["dc.contributor.author","Leuschner, Christoph"],["dc.date.accessioned","2020-12-10T14:24:07Z"],["dc.date.available","2020-12-10T14:24:07Z"],["dc.date.issued","2019"],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1016/j.foreco.2019.04.022"],["dc.identifier.issn","0378-1127"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/72145"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.intern","DOI Import GROB-354"],["dc.title","Effects of bedrock type and soil chemistry on the fine roots of European beech – A study on the belowground plasticity of trees"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","309"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","3"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Environmental and Experimental Botany"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","313"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","68"],["dc.contributor.author","Hauck, Markus"],["dc.contributor.author","Juergens, Sascha-Rene"],["dc.contributor.author","Leuschner, Christoph"],["dc.date.accessioned","2018-11-07T08:43:30Z"],["dc.date.available","2018-11-07T08:43:30Z"],["dc.date.issued","2010"],["dc.description.abstract","The depsidone norstictic acid is a widespread secondary metabolite produced by lichen-forming fungi. Like other lichen substances, most of the norstictic acid is deposited as crystals in the apoplast of lichens, whereas only a small proportion is soluble in water. Since recent studies suggested a role of lichen substances in shaping the preferences of lichens for specific pH conditions and metal availabilities in their environment, we studied physico-chemical properties of norstictic acid to test the hypothesis that the dissociation and metal-binding behavior of this substance could explain the ecological characteristics of norstictic acid-producing lichens with respect to pH and metal availability. UV spectroscopy was used to study the dissociation and the pH dependence of the metal-binding behavior of isolated norstictic acid in methanol. Metals applied were selected macro- and micro-nutrients (Ce2+, Fe2+, Fe3+, Mg2+, Mn2+, Zn2+). The first dissociation constant (pK(a1)) of norstictic acid amounts to 4.0. It is higher than that of other lichen substances produced by lichens at strongly acidic sites but equals that of the dibenzofuran usnic acid. In solutions containing norstictic acid and Cu2+, Mn2+ or Zn2+ increasing absorbance was observed at pH > 7.5 indicating increasing affinity of the metal ions for the norstictic acid along with pH. Fe2+ and Mg2+ do not form complexes with norstictic acid. The relative high pK(a1) value of norstictic acid is probably responsible for the lack of norstictic acid-producing lichens on strongly acidic substrata. At pH << 4, norstictic acid is thought to damage lichens by shuttling protons into the cytoplasm. Moderate affinity of norstictic acid to Cu2+, Fe3+, Mn2+ and Zn2+ suggests a potential role at controlling the uptake of these ions at slightly alkaline conditions. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved."],["dc.description.sponsorship","Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [Ha 3152/8-1]"],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1016/j.envexpbot.2010.01.003"],["dc.identifier.isi","000276741400010"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/19979"],["dc.notes.status","zu prüfen"],["dc.notes.submitter","Najko"],["dc.publisher","Pergamon-elsevier Science Ltd"],["dc.relation.issn","0098-8472"],["dc.title","Norstictic acid: Correlations between its physico-chemical characteristics and ecological preferences of lichens producing this depsidone"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","yes"],["dc.type.status","published"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","31"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","116"],["dc.contributor.author","Leuschner, Christoph"],["dc.contributor.author","Ellenberg, Heinz"],["dc.date.accessioned","2018-02-26T10:24:39Z"],["dc.date.available","2018-02-26T10:24:39Z"],["dc.date.issued","2017"],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1007/978-3-319-43042-3_3"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/12590"],["dc.notes.status","zu prüfen"],["dc.relation.isbn","978-3-319-43040-9"],["dc.relation.isbn","978-3-319-43042-3"],["dc.relation.ispartof","Ecology of Central European Forests"],["dc.title","The Central European Vegetation as the Result of Millennia of Human Activity"],["dc.type","book_chapter"],["dc.type.internalPublication","unknown"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","359"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","2"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Annals of Botany"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","366"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","108"],["dc.contributor.author","Hauck, Markus"],["dc.contributor.author","Otto, Philipp I."],["dc.contributor.author","Dittrich, Sebastian"],["dc.contributor.author","Jacob, Mascha"],["dc.contributor.author","Bade, Claudia"],["dc.contributor.author","Doerfler, Inken"],["dc.contributor.author","Leuschner, Christoph"],["dc.date.accessioned","2018-11-07T08:53:44Z"],["dc.date.available","2018-11-07T08:53:44Z"],["dc.date.issued","2011"],["dc.description.abstract","Backgrounds and Aims Lecanora conizaeoides was until recently western and central Europe's most abundant epiphytic lichen species or at least one of the most common epiphytes. The species is adapted to very acidic conditions at pH values around 3 and high concentrations of SO(2) and its derivatives formed in aqueous solution, and thus spread with increasing SO(2) deposition during the 19th and 20th centuries. With the recent decrease of SO(2) emissions to nearly pre-industrial levels within 20 years, L. conizaeoides declined from most of its former range. If still present, the species is no longer the dominant epiphyte, but is occurring in small densities only. The rapid spread of the L. conizaeoides in Europe from an extremely rare species to the probably most frequent epiphytic lichen and the subsequent rapid dieback are unprecedented by any other organism. The present study aimed at identifying the magnitude of deacidification needed to cause the dieback of the lichen. Methods The epiphytic lichen diversity and bark chemistry of montane spruce forests in the Harz Mountains, northern Germany, were studied and the results were compared with data recorded with the same methods 13-15 years ago. Key Results Lecanora conizaeoides, which was the dominant epiphyte of the study area until 15 years ago, is still found on most trees, but only with small cover values of <= 1%. The bark pH increased by only 0.4 pH units. Conclusions The data suggest that only slight deacidification of the substratum causes the breakdown of the L. conizaeoides populations. Neither competitors nor parasites of L. conizaeoides that may have profited from reduced SO(2) concentrations are likely causes of the rapid dieback of the species."],["dc.description.sponsorship","Stemmler Foundation"],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1093/aob/mcr136"],["dc.identifier.isi","000293300500012"],["dc.identifier.pmid","21788378"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/22492"],["dc.notes.status","zu prüfen"],["dc.notes.submitter","Najko"],["dc.publisher","Oxford Univ Press"],["dc.relation.issn","0305-7364"],["dc.title","Small increase in sub-stratum pH causes the dieback of one of Europe's most common lichens, Lecanora conizaeoides"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","yes"],["dc.type.status","published"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","297"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","2"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Tree Physiology"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","309"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","28"],["dc.contributor.author","Meier, Ina Christin"],["dc.contributor.author","Leuschner, Christoph"],["dc.date.accessioned","2021-06-01T10:51:23Z"],["dc.date.available","2021-06-01T10:51:23Z"],["dc.date.issued","2008"],["dc.description.abstract","How temperate trees respond to drier summers, as predicted by climate change models for parts of Europe and eastern North America, will depend on the drought susceptibility of the root systems. We investigated the importance of the genetic constitution for the belowground drought response of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.), in four populations from regions differing in precipitation (520-970 mm year(-1)). Saplings were grown at ample (10 vol.%; well-watered) or reduced (5 vol.%; drought treatment) soil water content in the Gottingen Rhizolab Facility for two consecutive summers, and the responses of fine root biomass, root morphology, root depth distribution, and fine root production and turnover were investigated by a combined mini-rhizotron and harvest technique approach. In the drought treatment, total root mass per plant was reduced by 30-40% as a result of: (1) a reduction in median fine root lifespan by roughly 50% and hence an increase in fine root turnover; and (2) a 10-fold reduction in relative fine root growth rate (productivity per standing root biomass). The root: shoot ratio did not increase with drought. Although beech plants originating from drier climates tended to reduce their root biomass in response to drought less than those from wetter climates, analyses of variance revealed no significant influence of genotype on root mass, morphology, growth rate or turnover. However, most fine root traits showed marked differences between the well-watered and drought treatments. We conclude that beech saplings respond to summer drought primarily by shortening root lifespan, whereas root system structure and root: shoot carbon partitioning pattern are unaltered. Beech fine root growth and turnover exhibited high phenotypic plasticity, but genotypic variation was of minor importance. In contrast, genotype had a strong influence on leaf and shoot morphogenesis and growth."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1093/treephys/28.2.297"],["dc.identifier.isi","000253056200014"],["dc.identifier.pmid","18055440"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/86997"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.intern","DOI-Import GROB-425"],["dc.notes.status","zu prüfen"],["dc.notes.submitter","Najko"],["dc.publisher","Heron Publishing"],["dc.relation.eissn","1758-4469"],["dc.relation.issn","0829-318X"],["dc.title","Genotypic variation and phenotypic plasticity in the drought response of fine roots of European beech"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","yes"],["dc.type.status","published"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","75"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","3"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Forstarchiv"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","80"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","84"],["dc.contributor.author","Hauck, Markus"],["dc.contributor.author","Jacob, Mascha"],["dc.contributor.author","Dittrich, Sebastian"],["dc.contributor.author","Bade, Claudia"],["dc.contributor.author","Leuschner, Christoph"],["dc.date.accessioned","2017-09-07T11:50:52Z"],["dc.date.available","2017-09-07T11:50:52Z"],["dc.date.issued","2013"],["dc.description.abstract","Kurzfassung: Wirtschaftswälder unterscheiden sich grundlegend von Naturwäldern durch die Seltenheit von Bäumen jenseits des Umtriebsalters in der Alters- und Zerfallsphase sowie durch einen radikaleren Bruch der Bestandeskontinuität zwischen den aufeinanderfolgenden Waldgenerationen. Die natürliche Bestandesdynamik infolge altersbedingter Mortalität und externerr Störungen in vom Menschen nicht genutzten Wäldern führt zu einem heterogenen Muster von unterschiedlich großen Teilflächen unterschiedlicher Waldentwicklungsstadien und zur Bildung von Bestandeslücken. In Mitteleuropa sind Waldbestände, die zumindest seit mehreren Jahrhunderten einer natürlichen Bestandesdynamik ausgesetzt sind, äußerst selten. In einer Fallstudie im Harz (Deutschland) hatten wir die Gelegenheit, einen solchen Bestand zu untersuchen (Brockenurwald). Ziel der Untersuchung war die vergleichende Analyse der pflanzlichen Diversität (Bodenvegetation, Epiphyten) sowie ausgewählter Ökosystemeigenschaften (oberirdische Biomasse, ökosystemarer Kohlenstoffvorrat) in fünf altersabhängigen Waldentwicklungsphasen (Verjüngungs-, Aufwuchs-, Optimum-, Alters- und Zerfallsphase). Während sich die Bodenvegetation kaum zwischen den Entwicklungsstadien unterschied, war der Artenreichtum epiphytischer Moose und Flechten auf den stehenden Bäumen in der Alters- und insbesondere der Zerfallsphase signifikant größer als in den jüngeren Entwicklungsstadien, die auch im Wirtschaftswald vorkommen. Der Artenreichtum auf liegendem (aus der vorangegangenen Waldgeneration stammendem) Totholz war am höchsten in der Verjüngungs- und der Aufwuchsphase. Die oberirdische Biomasse und die Kohlenstoffvorräte waren in der Alters- und in der Zerfallsphase größer als in den anderen Waldentwicklungsstadien. Der Kohlenstoffvorrat im Boden war unabhängig vom Waldentwicklungsstadium konstant hoch. Unsere Ergebnisse unterstreichen die große Bedeutung der Alters- und Zerfallsphase und einer natürlichen Bestandesdynamik für die pflanzliche Diversität von Wäldern und für die Fähigkeit, große Vorräte an Kohlenstoff zu speichern."],["dc.identifier.gro","3147850"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/5178"],["dc.language.iso","de"],["dc.notes.status","final"],["dc.notes.submitter","chake"],["dc.title","Natürliche Walddynamik und ihr Wert für Biodiversität und Ökosystemfunktionen"],["dc.title.subtitle","Ergebnisse einer Fallstudie aus dem Harz"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","unknown"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","no"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]