Coexist

Content-Centric Networking (CCN) seeks to meet the content-centric needs of users. In this paper, we propose hybrid-COPSS, a hybrid content-centric architecture. We build on the previously proposed Content-Oriented Publish/Subscribe System (COPSS) to address incremental deployment of CCN and elegantly combine the functionality of content-centric networks with the efficiency of IP-based forwarding including IP multicast. Furthermore, we propose an approach for incremental deployment of caches in generic query/response CCN environments that optimizes latency and network load. To overcome the lack of inter-domain IP multicast, hybrid-COPSS uses COPSS multicast with shortcuts in the CCN overlay. Our hybrid approach would also be applicable to the Named Data Networking framework. To demonstrate the benefits of hybrid-COPSS, we use a multiplayer online gaming trace in our lab test-bed and microbenchmark the forwarding performance and queuing for both COPSS and hybrid-COPSS. A large scale trace-driven simulation (parameterized by the microbenchmark) on a representative ISP topology was used to evaluate the response latency and aggregate network load. Our results show that hybrid-COPSS performs better in terms of response latency in a single domain. In a multi-domain environment, hybrid-COPSS significantly reduces update latency and inter-domain traffic.