Long-term neuropsychological deficits after central nervous system infections despite adequate therapy

Neuropsychological deficits are common consequences of central nervous system infections despite adequate treatment. The frequency and severity depends on the causative pathogen and the site(s) of injured brain parenchyma. The severity ranges from mild cognitive abnormalities not interfering with everyday life performance to fully developed Wernicke-Korsakow syndrome with complete inability to incorporate new information into longterm memory and to persistent vegetative state. In several conditions, rapid initiation of adequate therapy is crucial to minimise neuropsychological impairment.