Römer, Wilhelm

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","173"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","2"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","184"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","91"],["dc.contributor.author","Cabeza, Ricardo A."],["dc.contributor.author","Steingrobe, Bernd"],["dc.contributor.author","Roemer, Wilhelm"],["dc.contributor.author","Claassen, Norbert"],["dc.date.accessioned","2018-11-07T08:50:08Z"],["dc.date.available","2018-11-07T08:50:08Z"],["dc.date.issued","2011"],["dc.description.abstract","World phosphorus (P) resources are limited and may be exhausted within 70-175 years. Therefore recycling of P from waste materials by chemical or thermal processes is important. This study evaluated the effectiveness of recycled P products from sewage sludge and animal wastes as P fertilizer. Four products were obtained from chemical processes, three magnesium-ammonium-phosphates (MAP) of different sewage treatment plants and a Ca phosphate precipitated from waste-water (Ca-P) and four from thermal processes, an alkali sinter phosphate (Sinter-P), a heavy metal depleted sewage sludge ash (Sl-ash), a cupola furnace slag made from sewage sludge (Cupola slag) and a meat-and-bone meal ash (MB meal ash). The effectiveness of these products as P fertilizers compared with triple superphosphate (TSP) and phosphate rock (PR) was determined in a 2-year pot experiment with maize (Zea mays L., cv. Atletico) in two soils with contrasting pH (pH(CaCl(2)) 4.7 and 6.6). The parameters used to evaluate the effectiveness were P uptake, P concentration in soil solution (C(Li)) and isotopically exchangeable P (IEP). MAP products were as effective as TSP in both soils, while Ca-P was only effective in the acid soil. Sinter-P was as effective as TSP in the acid soil, while Cupola slag was in the neutral soil. The products Sl-ash and MB meal ash were of low effectiveness and were comparable to PR. The effect of the fertilizers on IEP, but not on C(Li), described their effectiveness. Recycled P products obtained by chemical processes, especially MAP, could be directly applied as P fertilizers, while products such as Sl-ash and MB meal ash are potential raw materials for P fertilizer production."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1007/s10705-011-9454-0"],["dc.identifier.isi","000297360500006"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/21627"],["dc.notes.status","zu prüfen"],["dc.notes.submitter","Najko"],["dc.publisher","Springer"],["dc.relation.issn","1385-1314"],["dc.title","Effectiveness of recycled P products as P fertilizers, as evaluated in pot experiments"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","yes"],["dc.type.status","published"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","688"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","5"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","695"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","176"],["dc.contributor.author","Cabeza, Ricardo A."],["dc.contributor.author","Steingrobe, Bernd"],["dc.contributor.author","Roemer, Wilhelm"],["dc.contributor.author","Claassen, Norbert"],["dc.date.accessioned","2018-11-07T09:18:55Z"],["dc.date.available","2018-11-07T09:18:55Z"],["dc.date.issued","2013"],["dc.description.abstract","Isotopically exchangeable P (IEP) is usually considered to be completely plant-available and the major source of P for plant uptake. The aim of the present study is to test whether plants can, besides IEP, also use non-IEP and if part of the IEP has an equilibrium concentration in soil solution which is below the minimum concentration, C-Lmin, and can therefore not be taken up by plants. A pot experiment was carried out with maize for two years on two soils, an acid sandy and a neutral loamy soil, either without P fertilizer or fertilized with ten P sources of different solubility. Throughout both years of the study, pots were kept moist either without plants or planted twice with maize (Zea mays L., cv. Athletico). At the end of the experiment, plant P uptake, P concentration in the soil solution (C-L), and P accessible to isotopic exchange within 5 d (E-5d) were measured. Plant growth decreased the E-5d which was about equal to P uptake by maize for most treatments in the acid soil. But for some treatments, i.e., five in the acid and eight in the neutral soil, P uptake was up to 50% larger than the decrease of E-5d, indicating that plants had, besides IEP, also used P from non-IEP sources. At adequate P supply, both soils had an E-5d of about 100 mg P (kg soil)(-1), but about 30 to 40 mgkg(-1) of this IEP had an equilibrium P concentration in the soil solution below C-Lmin of 0.1 mol L-1 at which P would actually not be plant-available. This study shows that plants take up P mainly from IEP, but not the whole IEP is plant-available. Furthermore, plants may also use P from non-IEP sources."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1002/jpln.201200296"],["dc.identifier.isi","000327899800006"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/28512"],["dc.notes.status","zu prüfen"],["dc.notes.submitter","Najko"],["dc.publisher","Wiley-v C H Verlag Gmbh"],["dc.relation.issn","1522-2624"],["dc.relation.issn","1436-8730"],["dc.title","Plant availability of isotopically exchangeable and isotopically nonexchangeable phosphate in soils"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","yes"],["dc.type.status","published"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","5"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","1"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","BERICHTE UBER LANDWIRTSCHAFT"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","30"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","87"],["dc.contributor.author","Roemer, Wilhelm"],["dc.date.accessioned","2018-11-07T08:30:08Z"],["dc.date.available","2018-11-07T08:30:08Z"],["dc.date.issued","2009"],["dc.description.abstract","I. The fertiliser industry predicts a sinking rock phosphate production all over the world after the peak production point had been hit in the 1980/1990's. The global Preserves with the currently applicable evaluations (physical, chemical characteristics) and accepted costs for exploitation and processing are expected to last for only approx. 120 more years, reserves of lower quality and higher costs about three times longer. An acute lack of phosphate fertiliser does therefore not yet exist. But phosphate prices have increased by 300% over the last two years. This is a clear signal, for phosphate consumers in particular, to exploit the unused potential in agricultural soil and handle this limited resource in a more efficient way. II. More recent results of long-term P field experiments in different German regions show that approx. 4 mg P/100 g lactate soluble phosphorus are fully sufficient for high yields, in Bavaria content class B (2-4 mg CAL-P/100 g soil) with fertilisation equalling crop removal. In the light of these results, we must very critically examine the system of five content classes dating back to 1997, and the margin of content class C (4-9 mg P/100 g soil) in particular, as with an initial content of 4 mg P/100 g soil (content class B/C) it would need approx. 500 kg P/ha (i.e. an amount of P equivalent to the removal of about 20 harvests) to reach 9 mg P. With prices up by 300% (compared to 2005), this cannot be recommended. III. In Germany, 2.4 million tonnes of dry matter sewage sludge (approx. 2% P) with approx. 48,000 tones of P, 400,000 tonnes of animal meal (approx. 12,000 tones of P) and 160,000 tonnes of meat-and-bone meal (approx. 9,600 tonnes of P) are disposed of as waste every year. Current P consumption in the form of phosphate fertiliser amounts to 108,000 tonnes of P per year. With a P recycling rate of 90%, more than 50% of the currently imported mineral fertiliser P could thus be replaced. In 2004, the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) and the Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety (BMU) began to support research and innovation in P recycling. First methods for the production of new P fertilisers are currently being developed and P fertilisers are being tested. First agronomical tests of potential new P fertilisers have already been carried out. IV. P dynamics in the soil are very complicated as phosphate is subject to specific anion adsorption and precipitation by calcium ions in particular. Whereas grain crops handle the low P concentrations in the soil solution with their extensive root system (rye e. g. 3 8 km/m(2)), dicotyledons excrete a series of organic acids (citrate, malate, oxalate) which mobilise phosphate in the rhizosphere through ligand exchange to make it absorbable. The latter principle is, for example, used by eucalypt plants in Japan (5 1). Gene transfer is regarded as a way to indirectly increase the P absorption efficiency of plants. An important method without gene transfer lies in the breeding with a view to high P absorption efficiency by way of marker-assisted breeding with QTLs for P absorption. This method had already been successfully adopted within the scope of a rice project in Japan/India (58; 59). V. The internal P utilisation of arable crops (kg dry-matter production/g absorbed P) obviously has a considerable range of variation. It can therefore also be said in this respect that the P absorption efficiency of the plants can still be increased considerably. VI. The possibilities to apply fertilisers according to the actual needs should be fully exhausted and the use of P fertilisers should be adjusted to the specific site conditions and cropping ratios."],["dc.identifier.isi","000266740400001"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/16819"],["dc.notes.status","zu prüfen"],["dc.notes.submitter","Najko"],["dc.publisher","W Kohlhammer Gmbh, I A Jochen Krauss"],["dc.relation.issn","0005-9080"],["dc.title","Concepts for a more efficient use of phosphorus based on experimental observations"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","yes"],["dc.type.status","published"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.artnumber","1166"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","1"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","4"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Sustainability"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","18"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","10"],["dc.contributor.author","Römer, Wilhelm"],["dc.contributor.author","Steingrobe, Bernd"],["dc.date.accessioned","2019-07-09T11:45:19Z"],["dc.date.available","2019-07-09T11:45:19Z"],["dc.date.issued","2018"],["dc.description.abstract","Between 2004 and 2011 the German Government funded 17 different projects to develop techniques of phosphorus recycling from wastewater, sewage sludges, and sewage sludge ashes. Several procedures had been tested, such as precipitation, adsorption, crystallization, nano-filtration, electro-dialysis, wet oxidation, pyrolysis, ion exchange, or bioleaching. From these techniques, 32 recycling products were tested by five different institutes for their agronomic efficiency, that is, their plant availability, mainly in pot experiments. This manuscript summarizes and compares these results to evaluate the suitability of different technical approaches to recycle P from wastes into applicable fertilizers. In total, 17 products of recycled sewage sludge ashes (SSA), one meat and bone meal ash, one sinter product of meat and bone meal, one cupola furnace slag, nine Ca phosphates from crystallization or from precipitation, Seaborne-Ca-phosphates, Seaborne-Mg-phosphate, and 3 different struvites were tested in comparison to controls with water soluble P, that is, either single super phosphate (SSP) or triple super phosphate (TSP). Sandy and loamy soils (pH: 4.7–6.8; CAL-P: 33–49 ppm) were used. The dominant test plant was maize. Phosphorus uptake from fertilizer was calculated by the P content of fertilized plants minus P content of unfertilized plants. Calculated uptake from all products was set in relation to uptake from water soluble P fertilizers (SSP or TSP) as a reference value (=100%). The following results were found: (1) plants took up less than 25% P in 65% of all SSA (15 products); (2) 6 products (26%) resulted in P uptake of 25 and 50% relatively to water soluble P. Only one Mg-P product resulted in an uptake of 67%. With cupola furnace slag, 24% P uptake was reached on sandy soil and nearly the same value as TSP on loamy soil. The uptake results of Ca phosphates were between 0 and 50%. Mg-P products from precipitation processes consistently showed a better P supply in relation to comparable Ca-P compounds. With struvite the same P uptake as for water soluble P was reached. The fertilizer effect of the tested P recycling products can clearly be differentiated: TSP = struvite > Mg-P = sinter-P > Ca-P, cupola-slag > thermally treated sewage sludge ashes > meat-and-bone meal ash = Fe-P."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.3390/su10041166"],["dc.identifier.purl","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gs-1/15109"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/59209"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.intern","Merged from goescholar"],["dc.publisher","MDPI"],["dc.relation.eissn","2071-1050"],["dc.relation.issn","2071-1050"],["dc.rights","CC BY 4.0"],["dc.rights.uri","https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"],["dc.subject.ddc","630"],["dc.title","Fertilizer Effect of Phosphorus Recycling Products"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.version","published_version"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","826"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","6"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","JOURNAL OF PLANT NUTRITION AND SOIL SCIENCE-ZEITSCHRIFT FUR PFLANZENERNAHRUNG UND BODENKUNDE"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","832"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","169"],["dc.contributor.author","Roemer, Wilhelm"],["dc.date.accessioned","2018-11-07T08:54:40Z"],["dc.date.available","2018-11-07T08:54:40Z"],["dc.date.issued","2006"],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1002/jpln.200520587"],["dc.identifier.isi","000243092400011"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/22724"],["dc.notes.status","zu prüfen"],["dc.notes.submitter","Najko"],["dc.publisher","Wiley-v C H Verlag Gmbh"],["dc.relation.issn","1436-8730"],["dc.title","Plant availability of P from recycling products and phosphate fertilizers in a growth-chamber trial with rye seedlings"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","yes"],["dc.type.status","published"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","1"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","BERICHTE UBER LANDWIRTSCHAFT"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","91"],["dc.contributor.author","Roemer, Wilhelm"],["dc.date.accessioned","2018-11-07T09:24:48Z"],["dc.date.available","2018-11-07T09:24:48Z"],["dc.date.issued","2013"],["dc.description.abstract","P uptake from different P products of P recycling were tested in pot experiments: 17 products of recycled sewage sludge ashes (SSA), 1 meat and bone meal ash, 1 sinter product of meat and bone meal, 1 cupola furnace slag, 9 Ca phosphates from Ca crystallization on CSH substrates or from precipitation by Ca(OH) 2 and CaCl2 such as P-ROC, Fix-P, SESAL, Pasch, Seaborne-Ca-phosphates, Seaborne-Mg-phosphate and struvites from 3 institutions. These P products were tested in comparison with simple super phosphate (SSP) or triple super phosphate (TSP), and row phosphate. Sandy and loamy soils (pH: 4,7-6,8; CAL-P: 33-49 ppm) were used. Maize was used predominantly as the test plant. The P uptake from super phosphate (P amount of plants with P fertilizer minus P amount of plants without P) was set as the reference value (= 100 %) for all P products. The following results were found: (1) plants took up less than 25 % P in 65 % of all SSA (15 products). (2) 6 products (26 %) resulted in P uptake of 25 and 50 % relatively to TSP. In only one Mg product P uptake reached 67 %. With cupola furnace slag 24 % P uptake was reached on sandy soil and nearly the same value as TSP on loamy soil. The uptake results of Ca phosphates were between 0 and 50 %. Mg products from precipitation processes consistently showed a better P supply in relation to comparable Ca compounds. With struvite the same P uptake as TSP was reached. Reasons for the different P efficiency of recycling products and perspectives of their use are discussed."],["dc.identifier.isi","000328135700006"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/29915"],["dc.notes.status","zu prüfen"],["dc.notes.submitter","Najko"],["dc.publisher","W Kohlhammer Gmbh, I A Jochen Krauss"],["dc.relation.issn","0005-9080"],["dc.title","Phosphor fertilization effects of phosphorus recycling products"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","yes"],["dc.type.status","published"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]