Hillebrand, Olav

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","289"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","The Science of The Total Environment"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","298"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","454"],["dc.contributor.author","Hillebrand, Olav"],["dc.contributor.author","Musallam, Shadha"],["dc.contributor.author","Scherer, Laura"],["dc.contributor.author","Noedler, Karsten"],["dc.contributor.author","Licha, Tobias"],["dc.date.accessioned","2018-11-07T09:24:13Z"],["dc.date.available","2018-11-07T09:24:13Z"],["dc.date.issued","2013"],["dc.description.abstract","Water sample storage and stabilisation may affect data quality, if samples are managed improperly. In this study three stabilising strategies are evaluated for 46 relevant organic micro-pollutants: addition of the biocides (i) copper sulphate and (ii) sodium azide to water samples directly after sampling with subsequent sample storage as liquid phase and (iii) direct solid phase extraction (SPE), stabilising the samples by reducing the activity of water. River water and treated effluent were chosen as commonly investigated matrices with a high potential of biotransformation activity. Analyses were carried out for sample storage temperatures of 4 and 28 degrees C for water samples stored as liquid phase and for sample storage temperatures of 4, 20 and 40 degrees C for SPE cartridges. Cooling of water samples alone was not sufficient for longer storage times (>24 h). While copper sulphate caused detrimental interferences with nitrogen containing heterocyclic compounds, sodium azide proved to be a suitable stabilising agent. The best results could be obtained for SPE cartridges stored cool. Recommendations for samples preservation are provided. (C), 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.03.028"],["dc.identifier.isi","000319180000031"],["dc.identifier.pmid","23562683"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/29770"],["dc.notes.status","zu prüfen"],["dc.notes.submitter","Najko"],["dc.publisher","Elsevier Science Bv"],["dc.relation.issn","0048-9697"],["dc.title","The challenge of sample-stabilisation in the era of multi-residue analytical methods: A practical guideline for the stabilisation of 46 organic micropollutants in aqueous samples"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","yes"],["dc.type.status","published"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","251"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","4"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Grundwasser"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","262"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","19"],["dc.contributor.author","Reh, Roland"],["dc.contributor.author","Hillebrand, Olav"],["dc.contributor.author","Geyer, Tobias"],["dc.contributor.author","Noedler, Karsten"],["dc.contributor.author","Licha, Tobias"],["dc.contributor.author","Sauter, Martin"],["dc.date.accessioned","2018-11-07T09:32:14Z"],["dc.date.available","2018-11-07T09:32:14Z"],["dc.date.issued","2014"],["dc.description.abstract","In the presented work the occurrence of organic micro-pollutants is discussed for two karst areas with different geological characteristics and land-use patterns. Within an urban moderately karstified catchment with a large number of local input sources (e.g. contaminated sites, sewer leakages), a greater variety of micro-pollutants is found compared to a rural area. Mostly the concentrations of these compounds decrease below quantification limits before emerging at the spring and can therefore only be detected by a comprehensive network of sampling points. Springs show the presence of micro-pollutants, either recently applied in large amounts or characterized by high persistence. At the outlet of a highly karstified and consequently highly permeable aquifer readily biodegradable compounds are detected. Due to high groundwater flow velocities investigations of micro-pollutants require a highly resolved monitoring. Therefore, beside substance properties, also hydrogeological characteristics affect the spectrum of detectable micro-pollutants."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1007/s00767-014-0264-6"],["dc.identifier.isi","000345078800003"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/31709"],["dc.notes.status","zu prüfen"],["dc.notes.submitter","Najko"],["dc.publisher","Springer"],["dc.publisher.place","Heidelberg"],["dc.relation.issn","1432-1165"],["dc.relation.issn","1430-483X"],["dc.title","Application of organic micro-pollutants for the characterisation of two karst systems"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","yes"],["dc.type.status","published"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","395"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","2"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Water Research"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","402"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","46"],["dc.contributor.author","Hillebrand, Olav"],["dc.contributor.author","Noedler, Karsten"],["dc.contributor.author","Licha, Tobias"],["dc.contributor.author","Sauter, Martin"],["dc.contributor.author","Geyer, Tobias"],["dc.date.accessioned","2018-11-07T09:14:02Z"],["dc.date.available","2018-11-07T09:14:02Z"],["dc.date.issued","2012"],["dc.description.abstract","Contamination from untreated wastewater leakage and related bacterial contamination poses a threat to drinking water quality. However, a quantification of the magnitude of leakage is difficult. The objective of this work is to provide a highly sensitive methodology for the estimation of the mass of untreated wastewater entering karst aquifers with rapid recharge. For this purpose a balance approach is adapted. It is based on the mass flow of caffeine in spring water, the load of caffeine in untreated wastewater and the daily water consumption per person in a spring catchment area. Caffeine is a source-specific indicator for wastewater, consumed and discharged in quantities allowing detection in a karst spring. The methodology was applied to estimate the amount of leaking and infiltrating wastewater to a well investigated karst aquifer on a daily basis. The calculated mean volume of untreated wastewater entering the aquifer was found to be 2.2 +/- 0.5 m(3) d(-1) (undiluted wastewater). It corresponds to approximately 0.4% of the total amount of wastewater within the spring catchment. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved."],["dc.description.sponsorship","German Federal Ministry of Education and Research [02WM1081, 02WRS1277A]"],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1016/j.watres.2011.11.003"],["dc.identifier.isi","000299609400014"],["dc.identifier.pmid","22104295"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/27307"],["dc.notes.status","zu prüfen"],["dc.notes.submitter","Najko"],["dc.publisher","Pergamon-elsevier Science Ltd"],["dc.relation.issn","0043-1354"],["dc.title","Caffeine as an indicator for the quantification of untreated wastewater in karst systems"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","yes"],["dc.type.status","published"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","5381"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","16"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Water Research"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","5388"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","46"],["dc.contributor.author","Hillebrand, Olav"],["dc.contributor.author","Noedler, Karsten"],["dc.contributor.author","Licha, Tobias"],["dc.contributor.author","Sauter, Martin"],["dc.contributor.author","Geyer, Tobias"],["dc.date.accessioned","2018-11-07T09:04:37Z"],["dc.date.available","2018-11-07T09:04:37Z"],["dc.date.issued","2012"],["dc.description.abstract","Little is known with respect to the attenuation capacity of karst aquifers. Even less is known about the risk posed by emerging micropollutants in these systems. In order to identify the attenuation potential of karst aquifers in-situ and to estimate the risk posed by micropollutants, a dualtracer test was conducted in this study in order to investigate differential transport in the subsurface: The reactive compound caffeine was used as a tracer to indicate the attenuation capacity within the aquifer in-situ. Due to the low limit of quantification, only small amounts of caffeine needed to be injected. To calibrate a model and to visualize the attenuation of caffeine a conservative reference tracer (uranine) is injected simultaneously. The methodology is tested in a well-characterised karst system in southwest Germany. The results indicate a significantly higher attenuation rate than was expected for karst aquifers. The attenuation is decribed as a first-order process. The corresponding half-life is 104 h. This low half-life suggests that a generally assumed low natural attenuation capacity of karst aquifers is unjustified. The observed mass loss of caffeine illustrates the potential of caffeine to be used as reactive tracer for indicating in-situ attenuation capacity within highly hydraulically conductive systems, such as karst aquifers. Due to the high attenuation rate of caffeine it does not pose a threat as a longtime contaminant. In combination with a conservative reference tracer an economical and environmentally benign method is presented in this manuscript for the in-situ determination of the attenuation capacity of highly conductive aquifer systems. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved."],["dc.description.sponsorship","German Federal Ministry of Education and Research [02WRS1277A]"],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1016/j.watres.2012.07.032"],["dc.identifier.isi","000309095800046"],["dc.identifier.pmid","22877878"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/25147"],["dc.notes.status","zu prüfen"],["dc.notes.submitter","Najko"],["dc.publisher","Pergamon-elsevier Science Ltd"],["dc.relation.issn","0043-1354"],["dc.title","Identification of the attenuation potential of a karst aquifer by an artificial dualtracer experiment with caffeine"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","yes"],["dc.type.status","published"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","6650"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","17"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Water Research"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","6659"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","47"],["dc.contributor.author","Noedler, Karsten"],["dc.contributor.author","Hillebrand, Olav"],["dc.contributor.author","Idzik, Krzysztof R."],["dc.contributor.author","Strathmann, Martin"],["dc.contributor.author","Schiperski, Ferry"],["dc.contributor.author","Zirlewagen, Johannes"],["dc.contributor.author","Licha, Tobias"],["dc.date.accessioned","2018-11-07T09:17:54Z"],["dc.date.available","2018-11-07T09:17:54Z"],["dc.date.issued","2013"],["dc.description.abstract","The substantial transformation of the angiotensin II receptor antagonist valsartan to the transformation product 2'-(2H-tetrazol-5-yl)-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-carboxylic acid (referred to as valsartan acid) during the activated sludge process was demonstrated in the literature and confirmed in the here presented study. However, there was a severe lack of knowledge regarding the occurrence and fate of this compound in surface water and its behavior during drinking water treatment. In this work a comparative study on the occurrence and persistency of valsartan acid, three frequently used beta-blockers (metoprolol, atenolol, and sotalol), atenolol acid (one significant transformation product of atenolol and metoprolol), and the two widely distributed persistent anthropogenic wastewater indicators carbamazepine and acesulfame in raw sewage, treated wastewater, surface water, groundwater, and tap water is presented. Median concentrations of valsartan acid in the analyzed matrices were 101, 1,310, 69, <1.0, and 65 ng L-1, respectively. Treated effluents from wastewater treatment plants were confirmed as significant source. Regarding concentration levels of pharmaceutical residues in surface waters valsartan acid was found just as relevant as the analyzed beta-blockers and the anticonvulsant carbamazepine. Regarding its persistency in surface waters it was comparable to carbamazepine and acesulfame. Furthermore, removal of valsartan acid during bank filtration was poor, which demonstrated the relevance of this compound for drinking water suppliers. Regarding drinking water treatment (Muelheim Process) the compound was resistant to ozonation but effectively eliminated (>= 90%) by subsequent activated carbon filtration. However, without applying activated carbon filtration the compound may enter the drinking water distribution system as it was demonstrated for Berlin tap water. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1016/j.watres.2013.08.034"],["dc.identifier.isi","000327911700023"],["dc.identifier.pmid","24070867"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/28285"],["dc.notes.status","zu prüfen"],["dc.notes.submitter","Najko"],["dc.publisher","Pergamon-elsevier Science Ltd"],["dc.relation.issn","0043-1354"],["dc.title","Occurrence and fate of the angiotensin II receptor antagonist transformation product valsartan acid in the water cycle - A comparative study with selected beta-blockers and the persistent anthropogenic wastewater indicators carbamazepine and acesulfame"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","yes"],["dc.type.status","published"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","360"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","The Science of The Total Environment"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","367"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","532"],["dc.contributor.author","Schiperski, Ferry"],["dc.contributor.author","Zirlewagen, Johannes"],["dc.contributor.author","Hillebrand, Olaf"],["dc.contributor.author","Noedler, Karsten"],["dc.contributor.author","Licha, Tobias"],["dc.contributor.author","Scheytt, Traugott J."],["dc.date.accessioned","2018-11-07T09:49:58Z"],["dc.date.available","2018-11-07T09:49:58Z"],["dc.date.issued","2015"],["dc.description.abstract","Karst aquifers are known to be highly vulnerable to contamination due to their particular hydraulic characteristics. A number of parameters (such as turbidity, dissolved organic matter concentration, particle size distribution) have been proposed as proxies that can be used to detect changes in water quality or contamination of karst springs. However, most of these are not very specific concerning the source of any contamination. Organic micropollutants (OMPs) such as artificial sweeteners or herbicides are possible source-specific indicators that can be used in karst catchment areas, but real time monitoring is not as yet possible for these compounds. We have investigated the possibility of combining the source-specific features of OMPs with real-time measurements of electrical conductivity (EC) and turbidity by means of ECturbidity hysteresis plots. These plots allow for identifying different hydro-sedimentary processes. Our investigations were carried out at the Gallusquelle karst spring in south-west Germany, during high flow conditions that occurred in 2013 after heavy precipitation. The herbicide atrazine, which derives from the aquifer matrix, was detectable in the spring water until resuspended particles appeared at the spring. The herbicide metazachlor, which is present in recharge from cropland, was found to be associated with periods of direct transfer of particles originating from the land surface. The artificial sweetener cyclamate was used as a wastewater indicator, but neither hysteresis plots of EC and turbidity nor any other real-time parameters were able to detect the presence of cyclamate following a wastewater spill. Since EC and turbidity are easily measurable parameters, the systematic relationships of ECturbidity hysteresis behavior to OMPs might assist in the sustainable management of raw water within karst catchments. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved."],["dc.description.sponsorship","Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) [02WRS1277A/B]"],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.06.007"],["dc.identifier.isi","000360286500036"],["dc.identifier.pmid","26081739"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/35611"],["dc.notes.status","zu prüfen"],["dc.notes.submitter","Najko"],["dc.publisher","Elsevier Science Bv"],["dc.relation.issn","1879-1026"],["dc.relation.issn","0048-9697"],["dc.title","Relationship between organic micropollutants and hydro-sedimentary processes at a karst spring in south-west Germany"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","yes"],["dc.type.status","published"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","338"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","The Science of The Total Environment"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","343"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","506"],["dc.contributor.author","Hillebrand, Olav"],["dc.contributor.author","Noedler, Karsten"],["dc.contributor.author","Sauter, Martin"],["dc.contributor.author","Licha, Tobias"],["dc.date.accessioned","2018-11-07T10:00:56Z"],["dc.date.available","2018-11-07T10:00:56Z"],["dc.date.issued","2015"],["dc.description.abstract","The increasing pressure on drinking water resources necessitates an efficient management of potential and actual drinking water resources. Karst aquifers play a key role in the supply of the world's population with drinking water. Around one quarter of all drinking water is produced from these types of aquifers. Unfortunately due to the aquifer characteristics with extremely high hydraulic conductivities and short residence times, these systems are vulnerable to contamination. For successful management, a fundamental understanding of mass transport and attenuation processes with respect to potential contaminants is vital. In this study, a multitracer experiment was performed in a karst aquifer in SW-Germany for determining the attenuation capacity of a karst environment by assessing the environmental fate of selected relevant micropollutants. Uranine, acesulfame and carbamazepine were injected into a sinkhole as reference tracers together with the reactive compounds atenolol, caffeine, cyclamate, ibuprofen and paracetamol (also known as acetaminophen). The breakthrough of the tracers was monitored at a karst spring at a distance of ca. 3 km. The breakthrough curves of the reactive compounds were interpreted relative to the reference substances. No significant retardation was found for any of the investigated micropollutants. The determined half-lives of the reactive compounds range from 38 to 1400 h (i.e. persistent within the investigation period) in the following order (from high to no observed attenuation): paracetamol > atenolol approximate to ibuprofen > caffeine >> cyclamate. The attenuation rates are generally in agreement with studies from other environmental compartments. The occurrence of the biotransformation product atenolol acid served as evidence for in-situ biodegradation within the aquifer system. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved."],["dc.description.sponsorship","German Federal Ministry of Education and Research [02WRS1277A]"],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.10.102"],["dc.identifier.isi","000347576800036"],["dc.identifier.pmid","25460968"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/37910"],["dc.notes.status","zu prüfen"],["dc.notes.submitter","Najko"],["dc.publisher","Elsevier Science Bv"],["dc.relation.issn","1879-1026"],["dc.relation.issn","0048-9697"],["dc.title","Multitracer experiment to evaluate the attenuation of selected organic micropollutants in a karst aquifer"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","yes"],["dc.type.status","published"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","193"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","The Science of The Total Environment"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","200"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","482"],["dc.contributor.author","Hillebrand, Olav"],["dc.contributor.author","Noedler, Karsten"],["dc.contributor.author","Geyer, Tobias"],["dc.contributor.author","Licha, Tobias"],["dc.date.accessioned","2018-11-07T09:39:46Z"],["dc.date.available","2018-11-07T09:39:46Z"],["dc.date.issued","2014"],["dc.description.abstract","While karst aquifers are considered as rapid flow and transport systems, their high potential for long-term storage is often ignored. However, to achieve a sustainable raw water quality for drinking water production, the understanding of this potential is highly essential. In this study, the transport dynamics of the two herbicides metazachlor and atrazine as well as a degradation product of the latter (desethylatrazine) were investigated at a karst spring over 1 year. Even 20 years after its ban in Germany, atrazine and its degradation product were almost always detectable in the spring water in the low ng L-1 range (up to 5.2 ng L-1). Metazachlor could only be detected after precipitation events, and the observed concentrations (up to 82.9 ng L-1) are significantly higher than atrazine or desethylatrazine. Comparing the dynamics of the herbicides with the inorganic ions Ca2+, Mg2+ and electrical conductivity, a positive correlation of atrazine with these parameters could be observed. From this observation, atrazine is concluded to be located within the aquifer matrix. To achieve a sustainable raw water management at karst springs, the rapidness of these systems needs to be highlighted as well as their long-term storage potential. Persistent substances or transformation products are prone to deteriorate the raw water quality for decades. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.02.117"],["dc.identifier.isi","000335625100020"],["dc.identifier.pmid","24646672"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/33362"],["dc.notes.status","zu prüfen"],["dc.notes.submitter","Najko"],["dc.publisher","Elsevier Science Bv"],["dc.relation.issn","1879-1026"],["dc.relation.issn","0048-9697"],["dc.title","Investigating the dynamics of two herbicides at a karst spring in Germany: Consequences for sustainable raw water management"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","yes"],["dc.type.status","published"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","289"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","4"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Grundwasser"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","293"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","21"],["dc.contributor.author","Reh, Roland"],["dc.contributor.author","Noedler, Karsten"],["dc.contributor.author","Hillebrand, Olav"],["dc.contributor.author","Licha, Tobias"],["dc.date.accessioned","2018-11-07T10:05:59Z"],["dc.date.available","2018-11-07T10:05:59Z"],["dc.date.issued","2016"],["dc.description.abstract","Risk assessment for drinking water requires a conceptual hydrogeological model of the catchment as well as an understanding of flow pathways, residence times and processes on the catchment scale. In fractured and karst aquifers, this is a challenging task, in part because the application of artificial tracers, environmental tracers or stable isotopes for understanding processes on the catchment scale is limited. Recently, a large number of organic compounds with different properties in very small concentrations have been detected in groundwater, including pesticides, pharmaceuticals, corrosion inhibitors and caffeine. In this article, we use a case study to demonstrate the potential of employing these compounds as indicators to reflect selected aquifer characteristics and properties, and to answer specific questions on the hydrogeological system."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1007/s00767-016-0338-8"],["dc.identifier.isi","000392740400002"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/39008"],["dc.notes.status","zu prüfen"],["dc.notes.submitter","Najko"],["dc.publisher","Springer"],["dc.publisher.place","Heidelberg"],["dc.relation.issn","1432-1165"],["dc.relation.issn","1430-483X"],["dc.title","Application of organic micro-pollutants as indicators"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","yes"],["dc.type.status","published"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","326"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Journal of Hydrology"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","332"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","524"],["dc.contributor.author","Schiperski, Ferry"],["dc.contributor.author","Zirlewagen, Johannes"],["dc.contributor.author","Hillebrand, Olav"],["dc.contributor.author","Licha, Tobias"],["dc.contributor.author","Scheytt, Traugott J."],["dc.date.accessioned","2018-11-07T09:57:45Z"],["dc.date.available","2018-11-07T09:57:45Z"],["dc.date.issued","2015"],["dc.description.abstract","Recharge events in karst catchments are often accompanied by rapid changes of electrical conductivity, temperature or turbidity in associated karst springs. Turbidity is usually used as a proxy for suspended matter. However, it is not capable to characterize suspended matter in detail as it lumps signals of particles of a wide range of sizes. Changes in particle size distribution (PSD) of suspended matter have rarely been measured although they may contain information on particles' origin, transport, or mobilization. In few cases PSD could even be used to predict bacterial contamination of karst springs. This study is one among few, measuring concentrations of suspended particles in the size range of 0.5-150 mu m on-site and in real-time. The study was performed during a single snow-melt event at one individual karst spring (Gallusquelle, Germany), the findings are therefore of preliminary character. Generally, the PSDs follow a power law (Pareto distribution). In some cases, however, a two parted Pareto distribution provides a better fit. The combination of chemograph analysis and turbidigraph separation demonstrates remobilized (autochthonous) and freshly infiltrated suspended (allochthonous) matter. Visually, there is no relation between PSD and the origin of the suspended matter. This may be caused by the superposition of signals from both origins. Therefore, utilizing the PSD as an indicator for the origin of suspended matter may be restricted to local applications. Furthermore, PSD does not seem to be a clear indicator for a bacterial contamination at the investigated spring, at least for this particular event. The study indicates, that the karst system itself and the type of discharge event may play a crucial role in the successful application of PSD as an adequate source indicator for suspended matter. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved."],["dc.description.sponsorship","Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) [02WRS1277A/B]"],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1016/j.jhydrol.2015.02.035"],["dc.identifier.isi","000354503300025"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/37233"],["dc.notes.status","zu prüfen"],["dc.notes.submitter","Najko"],["dc.publisher","Elsevier Science Bv"],["dc.relation.issn","1879-2707"],["dc.relation.issn","0022-1694"],["dc.title","Preliminary results on the dynamics of particles and their size distribution at a karst spring during a snowmelt event"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","yes"],["dc.type.status","published"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]