Dutschmann, Mathias

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","10"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","1"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","15"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","161"],["dc.contributor.author","Stettner, Georg M."],["dc.contributor.author","Zanella, Sebastien"],["dc.contributor.author","Hilaire, Gerard"],["dc.contributor.author","Dutschmann, Mathias"],["dc.date.accessioned","2018-11-07T11:17:05Z"],["dc.date.available","2018-11-07T11:17:05Z"],["dc.date.issued","2008"],["dc.description.abstract","Apneas are common and prognostically relevant disorders of the central control of breathing, but pharmacological interventions are dissatisfying. The respiratory phenotype of C57BL/6J mice is characterized by the occurrence of spontaneous central apneas with laryngeal closure. In the present study we investigated the impact of the 5-HT1A receptor agonist 8-OH-DPAT on apneas in C57BL/6J mice, because of the important role of serotonin in the regulation of breathing and previous reports showing that serotonergic drugs can affect central apneas. Whole-body plethysmography in awake, unrestrained mice revealed that intraperitoneal application of 8-OH-DPAT (10 mu g kg(-1)) decreased the occurrence of spontaneous apneas from 1.91 +/- 0.25 to 1.05 +/- 0.05 apneas min(-1). The efficacy of 5-HT1A receptor activation was further verified in the in situ working heart-brainstem preparation. Here the apneas occurred at a frequency of 1.33 +/- 0.19 min(-1). Intra-arterial perfusion with 1-2 mu M 8-OH-DPAT completely abolished spontaneous apneas. These results suggest that 5-HT1A receptor activation may be a potential treatment option for central apneas. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1016/j.resp.2007.11.001"],["dc.identifier.isi","000255267900002"],["dc.identifier.pmid","18155647"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/54732"],["dc.notes.status","zu prüfen"],["dc.notes.submitter","Najko"],["dc.publisher","Elsevier Science Bv"],["dc.relation.issn","1569-9048"],["dc.title","8-OH-DPAT suppresses spontaneous central apneas in the C57BL/6J mouse strain"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","yes"],["dc.type.status","published"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","4"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","The FASEB Journal"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","20"],["dc.contributor.author","Stettner, Georg M."],["dc.contributor.author","Huppke, Peter"],["dc.contributor.author","Dutschmann, Mathias"],["dc.date.accessioned","2018-11-07T10:08:11Z"],["dc.date.available","2018-11-07T10:08:11Z"],["dc.date.issued","2006"],["dc.format.extent","A373"],["dc.identifier.isi","000236206503112"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/39424"],["dc.notes.status","zu prüfen"],["dc.notes.submitter","Najko"],["dc.publisher","Federation Amer Soc Exp Biol"],["dc.publisher.place","Bethesda"],["dc.relation.conference","Experimental Biology 2006 Meeting"],["dc.relation.eventlocation","San Francisco, CA"],["dc.relation.issn","0892-6638"],["dc.title","The C57BL/6J mouse strain: An animal model to study spontaneous obstructive apnoea?"],["dc.type","conference_abstract"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","yes"],["dc.type.status","published"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","155"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","2-3"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","165"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","143"],["dc.contributor.author","Dutschmann, Mathias"],["dc.contributor.author","Morschel, M."],["dc.contributor.author","Kron, Martina"],["dc.contributor.author","Herbert, H."],["dc.date.accessioned","2018-11-07T10:43:57Z"],["dc.date.available","2018-11-07T10:43:57Z"],["dc.date.issued","2004"],["dc.description.abstract","Breathing is constantly modulated by afferent sensory inputs in order to adapt to changes in behaviour and environment. The pontine respiratory group, in particular the Kolliker-Fuse nucleus, might be a key structure for adaptive behaviours of the respiratory network. Here, we review the anatomical connectivity of the Kolliker-Fuse nucleus with primary sensory structures and with the medullary respiratory centres and focus on the importance of pontine and medullary postinspiratory neurones in the mediation of respiratory reflexes. Furthermore, we will summarise recent findings from our group regarding ontogenetic changes of respiratory reflexes (e.g., the diving response) and provide evidence that immaturity of the Kolliker-Fuse nucleus might account in neonates for a lack of plasticity in sensory evoked modulations of respiratory activity. We propose that a subpopulation of neurones within the Kolliker-Fuse nucleus represent command neurones for sensory processing which are capable of initiating adaptive behaviour in the respiratory network. Recent data from our laboratory suggest that these command neurones undergo substantial postnatal maturation. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1016/j.resp.2004.04.015"],["dc.identifier.isi","000225367200006"],["dc.identifier.pmid","15519552"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/47164"],["dc.notes.status","zu prüfen"],["dc.notes.submitter","Najko"],["dc.publisher","Elsevier Science Bv"],["dc.relation.issn","1569-9048"],["dc.title","Development of adaptive behaviour of the respiratory network: implications for the pontine Kolliker-Fuse nucleus"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","yes"],["dc.type.status","published"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","315"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","1"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","The Journal of Physiology"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","327"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","583"],["dc.contributor.author","Kron, Miriam"],["dc.contributor.author","Moerschel, Michael"],["dc.contributor.author","Reuter, Julia"],["dc.contributor.author","Zhang, W."],["dc.contributor.author","Dutschmann, Mathias"],["dc.date.accessioned","2018-11-07T10:59:36Z"],["dc.date.available","2018-11-07T10:59:36Z"],["dc.date.issued","2007"],["dc.description.abstract","The Kolliker-Fuse nucleus (KF), part of the respiratory network, is involved in the modulation of respiratory phase durations in response to peripheral and central afferent inputs. The KF is immature at birth. Developmental changes in its physiological and anatomical properties have yet to be investigated. Since brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is of major importance for the maturation of neuronal networks, we investigated its effects on developmental changes in the KF on different postnatal days (neonatal, P1-5; intermediate, P6-13;juvenile, P14-21) by analysing single neurones in the in vitro slice preparation and network activities in the perfased brainstem preparation in situ. The BDNF had only weak effects on the frequency of mixed excitatory and inhibitory spontaneous postsynaptic currents (sPSCs) in neonatal slice preparations. Postnatally, in the intermediate and juvenile age groups, a significant augmentation of the sPSC frequency was observed in the presence of 100 pm BDNF (+23.5 +/- 12.6 and +76.7 +/- 28.4%, respectively). Subsequent analyses of BDNF effects on evoked excitatory postsynaptic currents (eEPSCs) revealed significant enhancement of eEPSC amplitude of +20.8 +/- 7.0% only in juvenile stages (intermediates, -13.2 +/- 4.8%). On the network level, significant modulation of phrenic nerve activity following BDNF microinjection into the KF was also observed only in juveniles. The data suggest that KF neurones are subject to BDNF-mediated fast synaptic modulation after completion of postnatal maturation. After maturation, BDNF contributes to modulation of fast excitatory neurotransmission in respiratory-related KF neurones. This may be important for network plasticity associated with the processing of afferent information."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1113/jphysiol.2007.134726"],["dc.identifier.isi","000249178600024"],["dc.identifier.pmid","17569735"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/50744"],["dc.notes.status","zu prüfen"],["dc.notes.submitter","Najko"],["dc.publisher","Blackwell Publishing"],["dc.relation.issn","0022-3751"],["dc.title","Developmental changes in brain-derived neurotrophic factor-mediated modulations of synaptic activities in the pontine Kolliker-Fuse nucleus of the rat"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","yes"],["dc.type.status","published"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","72"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","1-2"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","79"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","164"],["dc.contributor.author","Dutschmann, Mathias"],["dc.contributor.author","Moerschel, Michael"],["dc.contributor.author","Reuter, Julia"],["dc.contributor.author","Zhang, W."],["dc.contributor.author","Gestreau, Christian"],["dc.contributor.author","Stettner, Georg M."],["dc.contributor.author","Kron, Miriam"],["dc.date.accessioned","2018-11-07T11:08:02Z"],["dc.date.available","2018-11-07T11:08:02Z"],["dc.date.issued","2008"],["dc.description.abstract","The shape of the three-phase respiratory motor pattern (inspiration, postinspiration, late expiration) is controlled by a central pattern generator (CPG) located in the ponto-medullary brainstem. Synaptic interactions between and within specific sub-compartments of the CPG are subject of intensive research. This review addresses the neural control of postinspiratory activity as the essential determinant of inspiratory/expiratory phase duration. The generation of the postinspiratory phase depends on synaptic interaction between neurones of the nucleus tractus solitarii (NTS), which relay afferent inputs from pulmonary stretch receptors, and the pontine Kolliker-Fuse nucleus (KF) as integral parts of the CPG. Both regions undergo significant changes during the first three postnatal weeks in rodents. Developmental changes in glutamatergic synaptic functions and its modulation by brain-derived neurotrophic factor may have implications in synaptic plasticity within the NTS/KF axis. We propose that dependent on these developmental changes, the CPG becomes permissive for short- and long-term plasticity associated with environmental, metabolic and behavioural adaptation of the breathing pattern. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1016/j.resp.2008.06.013"],["dc.identifier.isi","000261248700010"],["dc.identifier.pmid","18620081"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/52701"],["dc.notes.status","zu prüfen"],["dc.notes.submitter","Najko"],["dc.publisher","Elsevier Science Bv"],["dc.relation.issn","1569-9048"],["dc.title","Postnatal emergence of synaptic plasticity associated with dynamic adaptation of the respiratory motor pattern"],["dc.type","review"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","yes"],["dc.type.status","published"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","1810"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","5"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Journal of Neuroscience"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","1821"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","30"],["dc.contributor.author","Dutschmann, Mathias"],["dc.contributor.author","Menuet, Clement"],["dc.contributor.author","Stettner, Georg M."],["dc.contributor.author","Gestreau, Christian"],["dc.contributor.author","Borghgraef, Peter"],["dc.contributor.author","Devijver, Herman"],["dc.contributor.author","Gielis, Lies"],["dc.contributor.author","Hilaire, Gerard"],["dc.contributor.author","van Leuven, Fred"],["dc.date.accessioned","2018-11-07T08:45:57Z"],["dc.date.available","2018-11-07T08:45:57Z"],["dc.date.issued","2010"],["dc.description.abstract","Tauopathy comprises hyperphosphorylation of the microtubule-associated protein tau, causing intracellular aggregation and accumulation as neurofibrillary tangles and neuropil treads. Some primary tauopathies are linked to mutations in the MAPT gene coding for protein tau, but most are sporadic with unknown causes. Also, in Alzheimer's disease, the most frequent secondary tauopathy, neither the cause nor the pathological mechanisms and repercussions are understood. Transgenic mice expressing mutant Tau-P301L suffer cognitive and motor defects and die prematurely from unknown causes. Here, in situ electrophysiology in symptomatic Tau-P301L mice (7-8 months of age) revealed reduced postinspiratory discharges of laryngeal motor outputs that control laryngeal constrictor muscles. Under high chemical drive (hypercapnia), postinspiratory discharge was nearly abolished, whereas laryngeal inspiratory discharge was increased disproportionally. The latter may suggest a shift of postinspiratory laryngeal constrictor activity into inspiration. In vivo double-chamber plethysmography of Tau-P301L mice showed significantly reduced respiratory airflow but significantly increased chest movements during baseline breathing, but particularly in hypercapnia, confirming a significant increase in inspiratory resistive load. Histological analysis demonstrated hyperphosphorylated tau in brainstem nuclei, directly or indirectly involved in upper airway motor control (i.e., the Kolliker-Fuse, periaqueductal gray, and intermediate reticular nuclei). In contrast, young Tau-P301L mice did not show breathing disorders or brainstem tauopathy. Consequently, in aging Tau-P301L mice, progressive upper airway dysfunction is linked to progressive tauopathy in identified neural circuits. Because patients with tauopathy suffer from upper airway dysfunction, the Tau-P301L mice can serve as an experimental model to study disease-specific synaptic dysfunction in well defined functional neural circuits."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1523/JNEUROSCI.5261-09.2010"],["dc.identifier.isi","000274246700024"],["dc.identifier.pmid","20130190"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/20570"],["dc.notes.status","zu prüfen"],["dc.notes.submitter","Najko"],["dc.publisher","Soc Neuroscience"],["dc.relation.issn","0270-6474"],["dc.title","Upper Airway Dysfunction of Tau-P301L Mice Correlates with Tauopathy in Midbrain and Ponto-Medullary Brainstem Nuclei"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","yes"],["dc.type.status","published"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","232"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","2"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","235"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","159"],["dc.contributor.author","Dutschmann, Mathias"],["dc.contributor.author","Kron, Miriam"],["dc.contributor.author","Moerschel, Michael"],["dc.contributor.author","Gestreau, Christian"],["dc.date.accessioned","2018-11-07T10:53:45Z"],["dc.date.available","2018-11-07T10:53:45Z"],["dc.date.issued","2007"],["dc.description.abstract","Orexins (splice variants A and B) are hypothalamic neuropeptides that have essential functions in control of arousal and nutrition. Lack of Orexins is strongly associated with narcolepsy and sleep disordered breathing. However, the role of Orexins and particularly that of Orexin-B (OXB), in respiratory centres controlling upper-airway patency are less defined. In the present study we performed microinjections of OXB into the pontine Kolliker-Fuse nucleus (KF) of the dorsolateral pons, since this nucleus is particularly involved in the pre-motor control of upper airway muscles. The OXB mediated effects on heart, phrenic (PNA) and hypoglossal (XII-A) nerve activities were analysed in an in situ perfused brainstem preparation. Injection Of OXB into the KF evoked significant augmentation of the respiratory frequency. Importantly, OXB provoked particularly prolonged pre-inspiratory discharge of the XII nerve, while no cardiovascular response was observed after KF microinjections. In summary, OXB in the KF exerts an excitatory effect on XII pre-motoneurones. Since pre-inspiratory activity of the XII is important for the decrease in upper airway resistance during inspiration, we conclude that OXB release in the KF has strong implications in the state-dependent control of upper airway patency under physiological and pathophysiological conditions. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1016/j.resp.2007.06.004"],["dc.identifier.isi","000251070900017"],["dc.identifier.pmid","17652033"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/49412"],["dc.notes.status","zu prüfen"],["dc.notes.submitter","Najko"],["dc.publisher","Elsevier Science Bv"],["dc.relation.issn","1569-9048"],["dc.title","Activation of Orexin B receptors in the pontine Kolliker-Fuse nucleus modulates pre-inspiratory hypoglossal motor activity in rat"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","yes"],["dc.type.status","published"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","2395"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","5"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Journal of Neurophysiology"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","2410"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","101"],["dc.contributor.author","Funke, Frank"],["dc.contributor.author","Kron, Miriam"],["dc.contributor.author","Dutschmann, Mathias"],["dc.contributor.author","Mueller, Michael"],["dc.date.accessioned","2018-11-07T08:30:23Z"],["dc.date.available","2018-11-07T08:30:23Z"],["dc.date.issued","2009"],["dc.description.abstract","Funke F, Kron M, Dutschmann M, Muller M. Infant brain stem is prone to the generation of spreading depression during severe hypoxia. J Neurophysiol 101: 2395-2410, 2009. First published March 4, 2009; doi:10.1152/jn.91260.2008. Spreading depression (SD) resembles a concerted, massive neuronal/glial depolarization propagating within the gray matter. Being associated with cerebropathology, such as cerebral ischemia or hemorrhage, epileptic seizures, and migraine, it is well studied in cortex and hippocampus. We have now analyzed the susceptibility of rat brain stem to hypoxia-induced spreading depression-like depolarization (HSD), which could critically interfere with cardiorespiratory control. In rat brain stem slices, severe hypoxia (oxygen withdrawal) triggered HSD within minutes. The sudden extracellular DC potential shift of approximately -20 mV showed the typical profile known from other brain regions and was accompanied by an intrinsic optical signal (IOS). Spatiotemporal IOS analysis revealed that in infant brain stem, HSD was preferably ignited within the spinal trigeminal nucleus and then mostly spread out medially, invading the hypoglossal nucleus, the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS), and the ventral respiratory group (VRG). The neuronal hypoxic depolarizations underlying the generation of HSD were massive, but incomplete. The propagation velocity of HSD and the associated extracellular K+ rise were also less marked than in other brain regions. In adult brain stem, HSD was mostly confined to the NTS and its occurrence was facilitated by hypotonic solutions, but not by glial poisoning or block of GABAergic and glycinergic synapses. In conclusion, brain stem tissue reliably generates propagating HSD episodes, which may be of interest for basilar-type migraine and brain stem infarcts. The preferred occurrence of HSD in the infant brain stem and its propagation into the VRG may be of importance for neonatal brain stem pathology such as sudden infant death syndrome."],["dc.description.sponsorship","Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1152/jn.91260.2008"],["dc.identifier.isi","000265398100023"],["dc.identifier.pmid","19261708"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/16886"],["dc.notes.status","zu prüfen"],["dc.notes.submitter","Najko"],["dc.publisher","Amer Physiological Soc"],["dc.relation.issn","0022-3077"],["dc.title","Infant Brain Stem Is Prone to the Generation of Spreading Depression During Severe Hypoxia"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","yes"],["dc.type.status","published"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","1412"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","6"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Journal of Neuroscience"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","1420"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","25"],["dc.contributor.author","Boscan, P."],["dc.contributor.author","Dutschmann, Mathias"],["dc.contributor.author","Herbert, H."],["dc.contributor.author","Paton, JFR"],["dc.date.accessioned","2018-11-07T11:23:59Z"],["dc.date.available","2018-11-07T11:23:59Z"],["dc.date.issued","2005"],["dc.description.abstract","We wanted to ascertain whether the lateral parabrachial nucleus was involved in mediating the heart-rate response evoked during stimulation of somatic nociceptors. Reversible inactivation of the lateral parabrachial nucleus, using aGABA(A) agonist, reduced the reflex tachycardia evoked during noxious (mechanical) stimulation of the forelimb by similar to 50%. The same effect was observed after blockade of neurokinin 1 receptors within the lateral parabrachial nucleus, indicating a possible involvement for substance P as a neurotransmitter. Immunocytochemistry revealed a strong expression of substance P-immunoreactive fibers and boutons in all lateral subnuclei, but they were particularly dense in the lateral crescent subnucleus. Histological verification showed that the most effective injection sites for attenuating the noxious-evoked tachycardia were all placed in or near to the lateral crescent nucleus of the lateral parabrachial complex. Many single units recorded from this region were activated by high-intensity brachial nerve stimulation. The brachial nerve evoked firing responses of some of these neurons was reversibly reduced after local delivery of a neurokinin 1 receptor antagonist. However, only a minority of these neurons followed a paired-pulse stimulation protocol applied to the spinal cord, suggesting a predominance of indirect projections from the spinal cord to the parabrachial nucleus. We conclude that the cardiac component of the response to somatic nociception involves indirect spinal pathways that most likely excite neurons located in the lateral crescent nucleus of the parabrachial complex via activation of neurokinin 1 receptors."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4075-04.2005"],["dc.identifier.isi","000226898100011"],["dc.identifier.pmid","15703395"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/56303"],["dc.notes.status","zu prüfen"],["dc.notes.submitter","Najko"],["dc.publisher","Soc Neuroscience"],["dc.relation.issn","0270-6474"],["dc.title","Neurokininergic mechanism within the lateral crescent nucleus of the parabrachial complex participates in the heart-rate response to Nociception"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","yes"],["dc.type.status","published"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","2517"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","1529"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Philosophical Transactions of The Royal Society B Biological Sciences"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","2526"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","364"],["dc.contributor.author","Moerschel, Michael"],["dc.contributor.author","Dutschmann, Mathias"],["dc.date.accessioned","2018-11-07T11:24:19Z"],["dc.date.available","2018-11-07T11:24:19Z"],["dc.date.issued","2009"],["dc.description.abstract","Control of the timing of the inspiratory/expiratory (IE) phase transition is a hallmark of respiratory pattern formation. In principle, sensory feedback from pulmonary stretch receptors (Breuer-Hering reflex, BHR) is seen as the major controller for the IE phase transition, while pontine-based control of IE phase transition by both the pontine Kolliker-Fuse nucleus (KF) and parabrachial complex is seen as a secondary or backup mechanism. However, previous studies have shown that the BHR can habituate in vivo. Thus, habituation reduces sensory feedback, so the role of the pons, and specifically the KF, for IE phase transition may increase dramatically. Pontine-mediated control of the IE phase transition is not completely understood. In the present review, we discuss existing models for ponto-medullary interaction that may be involved in the control of inspiratory duration and IE transition. We also present intracellular recordings of pontine respiratory units derived from an in situ intra-arterially perfused brainstem preparation of rats. With the absence of lung inflation, this preparation generates a normal respiratory pattern and many of the recorded pontine units demonstrated phasic respiratory-related activity. The analysis of changes in membrane potentials of pontine respiratory neurons has allowed us to propose a number of pontine-medullary interactions not considered before. The involvement of these putative interactions in pontine-mediated control of IE phase transitions is discussed."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1098/rstb.2009.0074"],["dc.identifier.isi","000268569000008"],["dc.identifier.pmid","19651653"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/56377"],["dc.notes.status","zu prüfen"],["dc.notes.submitter","Najko"],["dc.publisher","Royal Soc"],["dc.publisher.place","London"],["dc.relation.conference","Royal-Society Discussion Meeting on Brainstem - Neural Networks Vital for Life"],["dc.relation.eventlocation","Royal Soc, London, ENGLAND"],["dc.relation.issn","0962-8436"],["dc.title","Pontine respiratory activity involved in inspiratory/expiratory phase transition"],["dc.type","conference_paper"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","yes"],["dc.type.status","published"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]