Schulz-Hardt, Stefan

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","653"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","5"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Group Processes & Intergroup Relations"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","671"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","13"],["dc.contributor.author","Faulmüller, Nadira"],["dc.contributor.author","Kerschreiter, Rudolf"],["dc.contributor.author","Mojzisch, Andreas"],["dc.contributor.author","Schulz-Hardt, Stefan"],["dc.date.accessioned","2017-09-07T11:54:48Z"],["dc.date.available","2017-09-07T11:54:48Z"],["dc.date.issued","2010"],["dc.description.abstract","The individual preference effect supplements the predominant group-level explanations for the failure of groups to solve hidden profiles. Even in the absence of dysfunctional group-level processes, group members tend to stick to their suboptimal initial decision preferences due to preference-consistent evaluation of information. However, previous experiments demonstrating this effect retained two group-level processes, namely (a) social validation of information supporting the group members’ initial preferences and (b) presentation of the additional information in a discussion format. Therefore, it was unclear whether the individual preference effect depends on the co-occurrence of these group-level processes. Here, we report two experiments demonstrating that the individual preference effect is indeed an individual-level phenomenon. Moreover, by a comparison to real interacting groups, we can show that even when all relevant information is exchanged and when no coordination losses occur, almost half of all groups would fail to solve hidden profiles due to the individual preference effect."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1177/1368430210369143"],["dc.identifier.gro","3151511"],["dc.identifier.purl","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gs-1/13094"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/8315"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.intern","Merged from goescholar"],["dc.notes.status","final"],["dc.notes.submitter","chake"],["dc.relation.issn","1368-4302"],["dc.rights","Goescholar"],["dc.rights.uri","https://goescholar.uni-goettingen.de/licenses"],["dc.title","Beyond group-level explanations for the failure of groups to solve hidden profiles: The individual preference effect revisited"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","no"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","18"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","1"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Psychologische Rundschau"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","20"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","73"],["dc.contributor.author","Bühner, Markus"],["dc.contributor.author","Schubert, Anna-Lena"],["dc.contributor.author","Bermeitinger, Christina"],["dc.contributor.author","Bölte, Jens"],["dc.contributor.author","Fiebach, Christian"],["dc.contributor.author","Renner, Karl-Heinz"],["dc.contributor.author","Schulz-Hardt, Stefan"],["dc.date.accessioned","2022-02-01T10:32:15Z"],["dc.date.available","2022-02-01T10:32:15Z"],["dc.date.issued","2022"],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1026/0033-3042/a000563"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/99048"],["dc.language.iso","de"],["dc.notes.intern","DOI-Import GROB-517"],["dc.relation.eissn","2190-6238"],["dc.relation.issn","0033-3042"],["dc.title","DGPs-Vorstand. Der Kulturwandel in unserer Forschung muss in der Ausbildung unserer Studierenden beginnen"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","946"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","6"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","European Journal of Social Psychology"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","956"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","40"],["dc.contributor.author","Mojzisch, Andreas"],["dc.contributor.author","Grouneva, Lilia"],["dc.contributor.author","Schulz-Hardt, Stefan"],["dc.date.accessioned","2017-09-07T11:54:52Z"],["dc.date.available","2017-09-07T11:54:52Z"],["dc.date.issued","2009"],["dc.description.abstract","Group members tend to be biased in their evaluation of the information discussed. The present study aimed to disentangle the effects of preference consistency, social validation, and ownership on information evaluation in a single experimental design. Participants first received information about a personnel selection task. After having made a decision, they read a transcript of a fictitious discussion. In the transcript, preference consistency, social validation, and ownership of information were orthogonally manipulated as within-subjects factors. As hypothesized, preference consistency, social validation, and ownership all increased the perceived quality of information. Furthermore, participants intended to discuss a larger proportion of their preference-consistent information than of their preference-inconsistent information. This discussion bias was significantly associated with the evaluation bias favoring preference-consistent information. These results provide the first empirical demonstration that the evaluation of information in groups is characterized by three distinct biases and that biased evaluation of information may contribute to biased discussion of information."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1002/ejsp.660"],["dc.identifier.gro","3151532"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/8338"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.status","public"],["dc.notes.submitter","chake"],["dc.relation.issn","0046-2772"],["dc.title","Biased evaluation of information during discussion: Disentangling the effects of preference consistency, social validation, and ownership of information"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","unknown"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","no"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","469"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","4"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","European Journal of Social Psychology"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","492"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","35"],["dc.contributor.author","Fischer, Peter"],["dc.contributor.author","Jonas, Eva"],["dc.contributor.author","Frey, Dieter"],["dc.contributor.author","Schulz-Hardt, Stefan"],["dc.date.accessioned","2017-09-07T11:43:28Z"],["dc.date.available","2017-09-07T11:43:28Z"],["dc.date.issued","2005"],["dc.description.abstract","In research on selective exposure to information, people have been found to predominantly seek information supporting rather than conflicting with their opinion. In most of these studies, participants were allowed to search for as many pieces of information as they liked. However, in many situations, the amount of information that people can search for is restricted. We report four experiments addressing this issue. Experiment 1 suggests that objective limits regarding the maximum number of pieces of information the participants could search for increases the preference for selecting supporting over conflicting information. In Experiment 2, just giving participants a cue about information scarcity induces the same effect, even in the absence of any objective restrictions. Finally, Experiment 3 and 4 clarify the underlying psychological process by showing that information limits increase selective exposure to information because information search is guided by the expected information quality, which is basically biased towards supporting information, and information limits act to reinforce this tendency"],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1002/ejsp.264"],["dc.identifier.gro","3151540"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/8348"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.status","public"],["dc.notes.submitter","chake"],["dc.relation.issn","0046-2772"],["dc.title","Selective exposure to information: the impact of information limits"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","unknown"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","no"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","977"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","7"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","990"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","31"],["dc.contributor.author","Jonas, Eva"],["dc.contributor.author","Schulz-Hardt, Stefan"],["dc.contributor.author","Frey, Dieter"],["dc.date.accessioned","2017-09-07T11:54:51Z"],["dc.date.available","2017-09-07T11:54:51Z"],["dc.date.issued","2005"],["dc.description.abstract","When making decisions, people have been found predominantly to seek information supporting their preferred choice and to neglect conflicting information. In this article, the authors investigate to what extent different types of advisors, who recommend a choice to someone or make a decision on behalf of someone, show the same confirmatory information search. In Experiment 1, the authors presented participants, in the role of advisors, with a client’s decision problem and found that when making a recommendation, advisors conducted a more balanced information search than participants who were making a decision for themselves. However, advisors who had to make a decision on behalf of their clients revealed an increased preference for information supporting their position. Experiment 2 suggested that this confirmatory information search was caused by impression motivation: The advisors bolstered their decision to justify it to the client. The results are discussed within the multiple motive framework of the heuristic systematic model."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1177/0146167204274095"],["dc.identifier.gro","3151531"],["dc.identifier.purl","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gs-1/13112"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/8337"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.intern","Merged from goescholar"],["dc.notes.status","final"],["dc.notes.submitter","chake"],["dc.relation.issn","0146-1672"],["dc.rights","Goescholar"],["dc.rights.uri","https://goescholar.uni-goettingen.de/licenses"],["dc.title","Giving Advice or Making Decisions in Someone Else’s Place"],["dc.title.subtitle","The Influence of Impression, Defense, and Accuracy Motivation on the Search for New Information"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","no"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","188"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","3"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Experimental Psychology"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","200"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","48"],["dc.contributor.author","Schulz-Hardt, Stefan"],["dc.contributor.author","Meinken, Imke"],["dc.contributor.author","Rott, Alexandra"],["dc.contributor.author","Frey, Dieter"],["dc.date.accessioned","2017-09-07T11:54:53Z"],["dc.date.available","2017-09-07T11:54:53Z"],["dc.date.issued","2001"],["dc.description.abstract","Die vorliegende Untersuchung knüpft an die Arbeiten von Karsten (1928) und Lewin (1928) zum Phänomen der psychischen Sättigung an. Psychische Sättigung bezeichnet einen Verlust intrinsischer Motivation bei der wiederholten Ausführung von Handlungen. Im Gegensatz zur weithin konstatierten hohen theoretischen und praktischen Relevanz des Phänomens sind die Bedingungen, die psychische Sättigung auslösen und/oder verstärken, kaum empirisch untersucht worden. Auf Grundlage des von Karsten und Lewin formulierten sowie von Schulz-Hardt, Rott, Meinken und Frey (in Druck) präzisierten Sättigungskonzepts wird postuliert, daß schwer peripherisierbare (d. h. als weitgehend unbewußte Nebenhandlung ausführbare) sowie persönlich relevante Tätigkeiten in höherem Ausmaß zu Sättigung führen sollten als leicht peripherisierbare sowie persönlich wenig relevante Tätigkeiten. Dies wurde in einem Experiment mit 66 Schülern überprüft, die verschiedene Variationen des Konzentrations-Leistungs-Tests (KLT) bearbeiteten. Die Ergebnisse bestätigen weitgehend unsere Vorhersage. Zudem finden sich Hinweise darauf, daß der Zusammenhang zwischen Sättigung und Leistung durch die Peripherisierbarkeit sowie die persönliche Relevanz der Aufgabe moderiert wird."],["dc.description.abstract","The present experiment on the phenomenon of psychic satiation expands on the work of Karsten (1928) and Lewin (1928). Psychic satiation denotes a loss of intrinsic motivation when the same action is performed repeatedly. Although many studies have shown the high theoretical and practical relevance of this phenomenon, the conditions which lead to or reinforce psychic satiation have rarely been investigated empirically. Based on the concept of psychic satiation as formulated by Karsten and Lewin and refined by Schulz-Hardt, Rott, Meinken, and Frey (in press), we predicted that psychic satiation will increase if the task does not lend itself to being carried out “peripherally¾ (i.e., as an almost unconscious incidental action) and if it has high personal relevance. These predictions were investigated in an experiment with 66 high-school students who performed different versions of the “Konzentrations-Leistungs-Test¾ (concentration-performance-test, KLT). The results are largely in line with our predictions. In addition, the results indicate that the relation between satiation and performance is moderated by personal relevance and the induced task characteristic."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1026//0949-3946.48.3.188"],["dc.identifier.gro","3151526"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/8332"],["dc.language.iso","de"],["dc.notes.status","final"],["dc.notes.submitter","chake"],["dc.relation.issn","1618-3169"],["dc.title","Psychische Sättigung: Eine neue experimentelle Untersuchung zu einem alten Konstrukt"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","no"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","no"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","168"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","4"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Zeitschrift für Arbeits- und Organisationspsychologie"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","179"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","51"],["dc.contributor.author","Pfeiffer, Felix"],["dc.contributor.author","Schönborn, Stefan"],["dc.contributor.author","Mojzisch, Andreas"],["dc.contributor.author","Schulz-Hardt, Stefan"],["dc.date.accessioned","2017-09-07T11:54:47Z"],["dc.date.available","2017-09-07T11:54:47Z"],["dc.date.issued","2007"],["dc.description.abstract","Die Forschung zu eskalierendem Commitment beschäftigt sich mit der Frage, warum Personen an Handlungen bei fraglichem Handlungserfolg festhalten. Eine wesentliche Moderatorvariable eskalierenden Commitments formulierte Bowen (1987) mit der decision dilemma theory, derzufolge eskalierendes Commitment insbesondere dann stattfindet, wenn Informationen bezüglich des fraglichen Handlungserfolgs uneindeutig sind. Die bisherigen Studien zur decision dilemma theory stehen zum Teil für Alternativerklärungen offen und/oder weisen methodische Mängel auf. Die vorliegende Untersuchung stellt einen direkten Test der Theorie dar. Die Probanden sollten in einer Wirtschaftsfallsimulation eine Entscheidung über Folgeinvestitionen in eine Verluste schreibende Abteilung eines Unternehmens treffen. Zuvor waren die Probanden für eine Förderung dieser Abteilung entweder verantwortlich oder nicht verantwortlich gewesen. Zudem wurde manipuliert, ob sich Expertengutachten, die das Investitionsproblem behandelten, in der Mehrzahl für, gegen oder zu gleichen Anteilen für und gegen eine weitere Investition aussprachen. Wie von der decision dilemma theory vorhergesagt, zeigten die verantwortlichen Probanden insbesondere bei einer ausgeglichenen und somit uneindeutigen Gutachtenlage eskalierendes Commitment. Escalation of commitment is the tendency to hang on to losing courses of action. In his decision dilemma theory, Bowen (1987) specifies a moderator of escalating commitment in that escalation occurs most frequently if feedback concerning the failure of the course of action is equivocal rather than unequivocal. However, previous empirical demonstrations of the decision dilemma theory to some extent are open for alternative explanations or suffer from methodological limitations. The present study provides a direct test of the theory. Participants worked on an economic case study in which they were asked to decide how much to invest further in a division of a company that incurred a loss. In advance, participants had been made responsible or not responsible for the promotion of that division. Furthermore, we manipulated whether expert statements arguing for further investments outnumbered, were equal to, or were outnumbered by expert statements arguing against further investments. As predicted by the decision dilemma theory, responsible participants exhibited escalating commitment particularly when there was an equal number of experts supporting and contradicting further investments, that is, when expert feedback was equivocal."],["dc.description.abstract","Escalation of commitment is the tendency to hang on to losing courses of action. In his decision dilemma theory, Bowen (1987) specifies a moderator of escalating commitment in that escalation occurs most frequently if feedback concerning the failure of the course of action is equivocal rather than unequivocal. However, previous empirical demonstrations of the decision dilemma theory to some extent are open for alternative explanations or suffer from methodological limitations. The present study provides a direct test of the theory. Participants worked on an economic case study in which they were asked to decide how much to invest further in a division of a company that incurred a loss. In advance, participants had been made responsible or not responsible for the promotion of that division. Furthermore, we manipulated whether expert statements arguing for further investments outnumbered, were equal to, or were outnumbered by expert statements arguing against further investments. As predicted by the decision dilemma theory, responsible participants exhibited escalating commitment particularly when there was an equal number of experts supporting and contradicting further investments, that is, when expert feedback was equivocal."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1026/0932-4089.51.4.168"],["dc.identifier.gro","3151509"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/8313"],["dc.language.iso","de"],["dc.notes.status","final"],["dc.notes.submitter","chake"],["dc.relation.issn","0932-4089"],["dc.title","Der Einfluss einer uneindeutigen Informationslage auf eskalierendes Commitment"],["dc.title.subtitle","Ein Test der „Decision Dilemma Theory“"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","no"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","961"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","6"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Journal of Personality and Social Psychology"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","977"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","106"],["dc.contributor.author","Mojzisch, Andreas"],["dc.contributor.author","Kerschreiter, Rudolf"],["dc.contributor.author","Faulmueller, Nadira"],["dc.contributor.author","Vogelgesang, Frank"],["dc.contributor.author","Schulz-Hardt, Stefan"],["dc.date.accessioned","2018-11-07T09:39:17Z"],["dc.date.available","2018-11-07T09:39:17Z"],["dc.date.issued","2014"],["dc.description.abstract","Interpersonal cognitive consistency is a driving force in group behavior. In this article, we propose a new model of interpersonal cognitive consistency in collective decision making. Building on ideas from the mutual enhancement model (Wittenbaum, Hubbell, & Zuckerman, 1999), we argue that group members evaluate one another more positively when they mention information confirming each other's preferences instead of information disconfirming these preferences. Furthermore, we argue that this effect is mediated by perceived information quality: Group members evaluate one another more positively when they mention information confirming each other's preferences because they perceive this information to be more important and accurate than information disconfirming each other's preferences. Finally, we hypothesize that group members who communicate information confirming each other's preferences receive positive feedback for doing so, which, in turn, leads group members to mention even more of this information. The results of 3 studies with pseudo and face-to-face interacting dyads provide converging support for our model."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1037/a0036338"],["dc.identifier.isi","000337897500007"],["dc.identifier.pmid","24841099"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/33247"],["dc.notes.status","zu prüfen"],["dc.notes.submitter","Najko"],["dc.publisher","Amer Psychological Assoc"],["dc.relation.issn","1939-1315"],["dc.relation.issn","0022-3514"],["dc.title","The Consistency Principle in Interpersonal Communication: Consequences of Preference Confirmation and Disconfirmation in Collective Decision Making"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","yes"],["dc.type.status","published"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","705"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","5"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Journal of Organizational Behavior"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","721"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","35"],["dc.contributor.author","Haeusser, Jan Alexander"],["dc.contributor.author","Schulz-Hardt, Stefan"],["dc.contributor.author","Schultze, Thomas"],["dc.contributor.author","Tomaschek, Anne"],["dc.contributor.author","Mojzisch, Andreas"],["dc.date.accessioned","2018-11-07T09:38:34Z"],["dc.date.available","2018-11-07T09:38:34Z"],["dc.date.issued","2014"],["dc.description.abstract","People frequently have to work in high repetitive jobs. Previous research has focused exclusively on the effects of task repetitiveness on well-being, while neglecting effects on work performance. In the present study, we aimed to fill this void by conducting two workplace simulations with experimental manipulations of task repetitiveness. Participants worked for about 5hours at either a computer workstation, compiling computer hardware packages according to customer requests (Experiment 1, N=160), or at an assembly line, piecing together equipment sets for furniture (Experiment 2, N=213). Both experiments provide consistent evidence that high repetitiveness has a detrimental effect on well-being, whereas work performance increases under conditions of high repetitiveness. On a practical level, our study hence shows that high task repetitiveness is a double-edged sword for both employees and organizations. On a conceptual level, our findings emphasize the necessity to account for both mental strain and work performance when examining the effects of task repetitiveness. Copyright (c) 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1002/job.1920"],["dc.identifier.isi","000337636000007"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/33089"],["dc.notes.status","zu prüfen"],["dc.notes.submitter","Najko"],["dc.publisher","Wiley-blackwell"],["dc.relation.issn","1099-1379"],["dc.relation.issn","0894-3796"],["dc.title","Experimental evidence for the effects of task repetitiveness on mental strain and objective work performance"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","yes"],["dc.type.status","published"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","459"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","2"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Academy of Management Review"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","479"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","32"],["dc.contributor.author","Brodbeck, Felix C."],["dc.contributor.author","Kerschreiter, Rudolf"],["dc.contributor.author","Mojzisch, Andreas"],["dc.contributor.author","Schulz-Hardt, Stefan"],["dc.date.accessioned","2017-09-07T11:54:49Z"],["dc.date.available","2017-09-07T11:54:49Z"],["dc.date.issued","2011"],["dc.description.abstract","We present a theoretical model that synthesizes and expands current explanations of the failure of decision-making groups to effectively use information that is distributed among their members. We propose that groups can outperform individual decision makers and voting schemes if certain asymmetries in information distribution are present and certain asymmetries in information processing are absent. How to achieve this we deduce from a review of the relevant literature. Finally, we discuss directions for future research and practical implications."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.5465/amr.2007.24351441"],["dc.identifier.gro","3151518"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/8323"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.status","public"],["dc.notes.submitter","chake"],["dc.relation.issn","0363-7425"],["dc.title","Group Decision Making Under Conditions of Distributed Knowledge: The Information Asymmetries Model"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","unknown"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","no"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]