Keil, Wolfgang

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.artnumber","e1004602"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","11"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","PLOS Computational Biology"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","11"],["dc.contributor.author","Schottdorf, Manuel"],["dc.contributor.author","Keil, Wolfgang"],["dc.contributor.author","Coppola, David"],["dc.contributor.author","White, Leonard E."],["dc.contributor.author","Wolf, Fred"],["dc.date.accessioned","2017-09-07T11:45:38Z"],["dc.date.available","2017-09-07T11:45:38Z"],["dc.date.issued","2015"],["dc.description.abstract","The architecture of iso-orientation domains in the primary visual cortex (V1) of placental carnivores and primates apparently follows species invariant quantitative laws. Dynamical optimization models assuming that neurons coordinate their stimulus preferences throughout cortical circuits linking millions of cells specifically predict these invariants. This might indicate that V1’s intrinsic connectome and its functional architecture adhere to a single optimization principle with high precision and robustness. To validate this hypothesis, it is critical to closely examine the quantitative predictions of alternative candidate theories. Random feedforward wiring within the retino-cortical pathway represents a conceptually appealing alternative to dynamical circuit optimization because random dimension-expanding projections are believed to generically exhibit computationally favorable properties for stimulus representations. Here, we ask whether the quantitative invariants of V1 architecture can be explained as a generic emergent property of random wiring. We generalize and examine the stochastic wiring model proposed by Ringach and coworkers, in which iso-orientation domains in the visual cortex arise through random feedforward connections between semi-regular mosaics of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and visual cortical neurons. We derive closed-form expressions for cortical receptive fields and domain layouts predicted by the model for perfectly hexagonal RGC mosaics. Including spatial disorder in the RGC positions considerably changes the domain layout properties as a function of disorder parameters such as position scatter and its correlations across the retina. However, independent of parameter choice, we find that the model predictions substantially deviate from the layout laws of iso-orientation domains observed experimentally. Considering random wiring with the currently most realistic model of RGC mosaic layouts, a pairwise interacting point process, the predicted layouts remain distinct from experimental observations and resemble Gaussian random fields. We conclude that V1 layout invariants are specific quantitative signatures of visual cortical optimization, which cannot be explained by generic random feedforward-wiring models."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1371/journal.pcbi.1004602"],["dc.identifier.gro","3151833"],["dc.identifier.pmid","26575467"],["dc.identifier.purl","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gs-1/12731"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/8659"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.intern","Merged from goescholar"],["dc.notes.intern","Merged from goescholar"],["dc.notes.status","public"],["dc.notes.submitter","chake"],["dc.relation.issn","1553-7358"],["dc.relation.orgunit","Fakultät für Physik"],["dc.rights","CC BY 4.0"],["dc.rights.uri","https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"],["dc.title","Random Wiring, Ganglion Cell Mosaics, and the Functional Architecture of the Visual Cortex"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","no"],["dc.type.version","published_version"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.artnumber","17"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","1"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Neural Systems & Circuits"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","1"],["dc.contributor.author","Keil, Wolfgang"],["dc.contributor.author","Wolf, Fred"],["dc.date.accessioned","2017-09-07T11:46:18Z"],["dc.date.available","2017-09-07T11:46:18Z"],["dc.date.issued","2011"],["dc.description.abstract","BackgroundThe primary visual cortex of many mammals contains a continuous representation of visual space, with a roughly repetitive aperiodic map of orientation preferences superimposed. It was recently found that orientation preference maps (OPMs) obey statistical laws which are apparently invariant among species widely separated in eutherian evolution. Here, we examine whether one of the most prominent models for the optimization of cortical maps, the elastic net (EN) model, can reproduce this common design. The EN model generates representations which optimally trade of stimulus space coverage and map continuity. While this model has been used in numerous studies, no analytical results about the precise layout of the predicted OPMs have been obtained so far.ResultsWe present a mathematical approach to analytically calculate the cortical representations predicted by the EN model for the joint mapping of stimulus position and orientation. We find that in all the previously studied regimes, predicted OPM layouts are perfectly periodic. An unbiased search through the EN parameter space identifies a novel regime of aperiodic OPMs with pinwheel densities lower than found in experiments. In an extreme limit, aperiodic OPMs quantitatively resembling experimental observations emerge. Stabilization of these layouts results from strong nonlocal interactions rather than from a coverage-continuity-compromise.ConclusionsOur results demonstrate that optimization models for stimulus representations dominated by nonlocal suppressive interactions are in principle capable of correctly predicting the common OPM design. They question that visual cortical feature representations can be explained by a coverage-continuity-compromise."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1186/2042-1001-1-17"],["dc.identifier.gro","3151900"],["dc.identifier.purl","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gs-1/7221"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/8733"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.intern","Merged from goescholar"],["dc.notes.status","public"],["dc.notes.submitter","chake"],["dc.relation.issn","2042-1001"],["dc.relation.orgunit","Fakultät für Physik"],["dc.rights","CC BY 2.0"],["dc.rights.uri","http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0"],["dc.title","Coverage, continuity, and visual cortical architecture"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","no"],["dc.type.version","published_version"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.artnumber","e86139"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","1"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","PLoS ONE"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","9"],["dc.contributor.author","Schottdorf, Manuel"],["dc.contributor.author","Eglen, Stephen J."],["dc.contributor.author","Wolf, Fred"],["dc.contributor.author","Keil, Wolfgang"],["dc.date.accessioned","2017-09-07T11:45:42Z"],["dc.date.available","2017-09-07T11:45:42Z"],["dc.date.issued","2014"],["dc.description.abstract","It has been argued that the emergence of roughly periodic orientation preference maps (OPMs) in the primary visual cortex (V1) of carnivores and primates can be explained by a so-called statistical connectivity model. This model assumes that input to V1 neurons is dominated by feed-forward projections originating from a small set of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs). The typical spacing between adjacent cortical orientation columns preferring the same orientation then arises via Moiré-Interference between hexagonal ON/OFF RGC mosaics. While this Moiré-Interference critically depends on long-range hexagonal order within the RGC mosaics, a recent statistical analysis of RGC receptive field positions found no evidence for such long-range positional order. Hexagonal order may be only one of several ways to obtain spatially repetitive OPMs in the statistical connectivity model. Here, we investigate a more general requirement on the spatial structure of RGC mosaics that can seed the emergence of spatially repetitive cortical OPMs, namely that angular correlations between so-called RGC dipoles exhibit a spatial structure similar to that of OPM autocorrelation functions. Both in cat beta cell mosaics as well as primate parasol receptive field mosaics we find that RGC dipole angles are spatially uncorrelated. To help assess the level of these correlations, we introduce a novel point process that generates mosaics with realistic nearest neighbor statistics and a tunable degree of spatial correlations of dipole angles. Using this process, we show that given the size of available data sets, the presence of even weak angular correlations in the data is very unlikely. We conclude that the layout of ON/OFF ganglion cell mosaics lacks the spatial structure necessary to seed iso-orientation domains in the primary visual cortex."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1371/journal.pone.0086139"],["dc.identifier.gro","3151837"],["dc.identifier.pmid","24475081"],["dc.identifier.purl","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gs-1/9901"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/8664"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.intern","Merged from goescholar"],["dc.notes.intern","Merged from goescholar"],["dc.notes.status","public"],["dc.notes.submitter","chake"],["dc.relation.issn","1932-6203"],["dc.relation.orgunit","Fakultät für Physik"],["dc.rights","CC BY 4.0"],["dc.rights.uri","https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"],["dc.title","Can Retinal Ganglion Cell Dipoles Seed Iso-Orientation Domains in the Visual Cortex?"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","no"],["dc.type.version","published_version"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","6080"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Science"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","336"],["dc.contributor.author","Keil, Wolfgang"],["dc.contributor.author","Kaschube, Matthias"],["dc.contributor.author","Schnabel, Michael"],["dc.contributor.author","Kisvarday, Zoltan F."],["dc.contributor.author","Löwel, Siegrid"],["dc.contributor.author","Coppola, David M."],["dc.contributor.author","White, Leonard E."],["dc.contributor.author","Wolf, Fred"],["dc.date.accessioned","2017-09-07T11:46:13Z"],["dc.date.available","2017-09-07T11:46:13Z"],["dc.date.issued","2012"],["dc.description.abstract","Meng et al. conjecture that pinwheel density scales with body and brain size. Our data, spanning a 40-fold range of body sizes in Laurasiatheria and Euarchonta, do not support this conclusion. The noncolumnar layout in Glires also appears size-insensitive. Thus, body and brain size may be understood as a constraint on the evolution of visual cortical circuitry, but not as a determining factor."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1126/science.1206416"],["dc.identifier.gro","3151851"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/8680"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.status","final"],["dc.notes.submitter","chake"],["dc.relation.issn","0036-8075"],["dc.title","Response to Comment on \"Universality in the Evolution of Orientation Columns in the Visual Cortex\""],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","unknown"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","no"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","Suppl 1"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","BMC Neuroscience"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","1"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","10"],["dc.contributor.author","Keil, Wolfgang"],["dc.contributor.author","Wolf, Fred"],["dc.date.accessioned","2011-04-11T13:20:42Z"],["dc.date.accessioned","2021-10-11T11:34:47Z"],["dc.date.available","2011-04-11T13:20:42Z"],["dc.date.available","2021-10-11T11:34:47Z"],["dc.date.issued","2009"],["dc.identifier.citation","Keil, Wolfgang; Wolf, Fred (2009): Pinwheel crystallization in a dimension reduction model of visual cortical development - BMC Neuroscience, Vol. 10, Nr. Suppl 1, p. P63-"],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1186/1471-2202-10-S1-P63"],["dc.identifier.purl","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gs-1/6092"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/90700"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.intern","Merged from goescholar"],["dc.relation.orgunit","Fakultät für Physik"],["dc.rights","Goescholar"],["dc.rights.access","openAccess"],["dc.rights.uri","http://goedoc.uni-goettingen.de/licenses"],["dc.subject","Pinwheel crystallization; visual cortical development"],["dc.subject.ddc","530"],["dc.subject.ddc","573"],["dc.subject.ddc","573.8"],["dc.subject.ddc","612"],["dc.subject.ddc","612.8"],["dc.title","Pinwheel crystallization in a dimension reduction model of visual cortical development"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","yes"],["dc.type.version","published_version"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]