Kormann, Urs G.

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","722"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","6"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Diversity and Distributions"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","730"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","21"],["dc.contributor.author","Sutcliffe, Laura M. E."],["dc.contributor.author","Batáry, Péter"],["dc.contributor.author","Kormann, Urs G."],["dc.contributor.author","Báldi, András"],["dc.contributor.author","Dicks, Lynn V."],["dc.contributor.author","Herzon, Irina"],["dc.contributor.author","Kleijn, David"],["dc.contributor.author","Tryjanowski, Piotr"],["dc.contributor.author","Apostolova, Iva"],["dc.contributor.author","Arlettaz, Raphael"],["dc.contributor.author","Aunins, Ainars"],["dc.contributor.author","Aviron, Stéphanie"],["dc.contributor.author","Baležentienė, Ligita"],["dc.contributor.author","Fischer, Christina"],["dc.contributor.author","Halada, Lubos"],["dc.contributor.author","Hartel, Tibor"],["dc.contributor.author","Helm, Aveliina"],["dc.contributor.author","Hristov, Iordan"],["dc.contributor.author","Jelaska, Sven D."],["dc.contributor.author","Kaligarič, Mitja"],["dc.contributor.author","Kamp, Johannes"],["dc.contributor.author","Klimek, Sebastian"],["dc.contributor.author","Koorberg, Pille"],["dc.contributor.author","Kostiuková, Jarmila"],["dc.contributor.author","Kovács-Hostyánszki, Anikó"],["dc.contributor.author","Kuemmerle, Tobias"],["dc.contributor.author","Leuschner, Christoph"],["dc.contributor.author","Lindborg, Regina"],["dc.contributor.author","Loos, Jacqueline"],["dc.contributor.author","Maccherini, Simona"],["dc.contributor.author","Marja, Riho"],["dc.contributor.author","Máthé, Orsolya"],["dc.contributor.author","Paulini, Inge"],["dc.contributor.author","Proença, Vânia"],["dc.contributor.author","Rey Benayas, José M."],["dc.contributor.author","Sans, F. Xavier"],["dc.contributor.author","Seifert, Charlotte"],["dc.contributor.author","Stalenga, Jarosław"],["dc.contributor.author","Timaeus, Johannes"],["dc.contributor.author","Török, Péter"],["dc.contributor.author","van Swaay, Chris"],["dc.contributor.author","Viik, Eneli"],["dc.contributor.author","Tscharntke, Teja"],["dc.contributor.editor","Kühn, Ingolf"],["dc.date.accessioned","2017-09-07T11:54:49Z"],["dc.date.available","2017-09-07T11:54:49Z"],["dc.date.issued","2014"],["dc.description.abstract","A large proportion of European biodiversity today depends on habitat provided by low-intensity farming practices, yet this resource is declining as European agriculture intensifies. Within the European Union, particularly the central and eastern new member states have retained relatively large areas of species-rich farmland, but despite increased investment in nature conservation here in recent years, farmland biodiversity trends appear to be worsening. Although the high biodiversity value of Central and Eastern European farmland has long been reported, the amount of research in the international literature focused on farmland biodiversity in this region remains comparatively tiny, and measures within the EU Common Agricultural Policy are relatively poorly adapted to support it. In this opinion study, we argue that, 10 years after the accession of the first eastern EU new member states, the continued under-representation of the low-intensity farmland in Central and Eastern Europe in the international literature and EU policy is impeding the development of sound, evidence-based conservation interventions. The biodiversity benefits for Europe of existing low-intensity farmland, particularly in the central and eastern states, should be harnessed before they are lost. Instead of waiting for species-rich farmland to further decline, targeted research and monitoring to create locally appropriate conservation strategies for these habitats is needed now."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1111/ddi.12288"],["dc.identifier.gro","3150100"],["dc.identifier.purl","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gs-1/11674"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/6830"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.intern","Merged from goescholar"],["dc.notes.status","final"],["dc.relation.issn","1366-9516"],["dc.rights","CC BY-NC-ND 4.0"],["dc.rights.uri","https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0"],["dc.title","Harnessing the biodiversity value of Central and Eastern European farmland"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","unknown"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","no"],["dc.type.version","published_version"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","1288"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","3"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Journal of Applied Ecology"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","1298"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","55"],["dc.contributor.author","Kormann, Urs G."],["dc.contributor.author","Hadley, Adam S."],["dc.contributor.author","Tscharntke, Teja"],["dc.contributor.author","Betts, Matthew G."],["dc.contributor.author","Robinson, W. Douglas"],["dc.contributor.author","Scherber, Christoph"],["dc.contributor.editor","Maron, Martine"],["dc.date.accessioned","2019-07-23T08:29:26Z"],["dc.date.available","2019-07-23T08:29:26Z"],["dc.date.issued","2018"],["dc.description.abstract","Tropical conservation strategies traditionally focus on large tracts of pristine forests, but given rapid primary forest decline, understanding the role of secondary forest remnants for biodiversity maintenance is critical. Until now, the interactive effects of changes in forest amount, configuration and disturbance history (secondary vs. primary forest) on the conservation value of tropical landscapes has remained unknown, hampering the incorporation of these global change drivers into local and global conservation planning. 2.We disentangled effects of landscape wide forest amount, fragment size, and forest age (old growth versus secondary forest) on abundance, α-diversity, β-diversity (biotic homogenisation) and community shifts of bird communities in human-dominated landscapes of southern Costa Rica. Utilizing two complementary methods, yielding 6900 individual detections and 223 species, we characterized bird communities in 49 forest fragments representing independent gradients in fragment size (<5 ha vs >30 ha) and forest amount (5%-80%) in the surrounding landscape (within 1000 m). 3.Abundance and α-diversity of forest specialists and insectivores declined by half in small fragments, but only in landscapes with little old growth forest. Conversely, secondary forest at the landscape scale showed no such compensation effect. Similarly, a null-model approach indicated significant biotic homogenisation in small versus large fragments, but only in landscapes with little old growth forest, suggesting forest amount and configuration interactively affect β-diversity in tropical human-dominated landscapes. Finally, dramatic abundance-based community shifts relative to intact forests are largely a result of landscape-scale loss of old growth rather than changes in overall forest cover. 4.Policy implications. Our study provides strong evidence that retaining old growth within tropical human modified landscapes can simultaneously curb erosion of avian forest specialist α-diversity, mitigate collapse of β-diversity (biotic homogenisation) and dampen detrimental avian community shifts. However, secondary forests play, at best, a subordinate role to mitigate these processes. To maintain tropical forest biodiversity, retaining old growth forest within landscapes should be first priority, highlighting a land-sparing approach. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1111/1365-2664.13084"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/61890"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.relation.issn","0021-8901"],["dc.title","Primary rainforest amount at the landscape scale mitigates bird biodiversity loss and biotic homogenization"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","241"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Biological Conservation"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","252"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","152"],["dc.contributor.author","Kormann, Urs"],["dc.contributor.author","Gugerli, Felix"],["dc.contributor.author","Ray, Nicolas"],["dc.contributor.author","Excoffier, Laurent"],["dc.contributor.author","Bollmann, Kurt"],["dc.date.accessioned","2018-11-07T09:07:22Z"],["dc.date.available","2018-11-07T09:07:22Z"],["dc.date.issued","2012"],["dc.description.abstract","Connectivity and dispersal are key components determining the persistence of fragmented populations. However, the assessment of dispersal rates and landscape factors affecting functional connectivity remains problematic for species living in small populations, even more so in stress-sensitive, rare or elusive species. In this study, we estimated current dispersal patterns in a regional population of the endangered capercaillie (Tetrao urogallus) using a novel, parsimony-based application of pedigree analysis. In spring 2003 and 2008, we systematically collected non-invasive samples of this forest bird species in five local populations in the north-eastern Pre-Alps of Switzerland. Based on 11 nuclear microsatellites, we identified 86 unique genotypes over the two sampling periods and determined levels of genetic structure. We investigated the relative impact of topography and land use on functional population connectivity by comparing inter-individual genetic distance with GIS-derived least-cost path models representing different dispersal scenarios. Results show that local populations are connected by dispersers, suggesting occasional contemporary gene flow. Mountain ridges were found to hamper capercaillie dispersal, while, at odds with our hypothesis, neither a broad valley nor land use type notably affected gene flow. These results suggest that our study region represents a patchy metapopulation. Our study illustrates how pedigree analysis and landscape genetic methods can significantly contribute to the understanding of dispersal and connectivity in rare and elusive species. (c) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved."],["dc.description.sponsorship","Swiss Federal Office for the Environment (FOEN)"],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1016/j.biocon.2012.04.011"],["dc.identifier.isi","000307088200029"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/25776"],["dc.notes.status","zu prüfen"],["dc.notes.submitter","Najko"],["dc.publisher","Elsevier Sci Ltd"],["dc.relation.issn","0006-3207"],["dc.title","Parsimony-based pedigree analysis and individual-based landscape genetics suggest topography to restrict dispersal and connectivity in the endangered capercaillie"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","yes"],["dc.type.status","published"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","59"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Biological Conservation"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","66"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","221"],["dc.contributor.author","Beduschi, Tatiane"],["dc.contributor.author","Kormann, Urs G."],["dc.contributor.author","Tscharntke, Teja"],["dc.contributor.author","Scherber, Christoph"],["dc.date.accessioned","2019-07-23T08:19:28Z"],["dc.date.available","2019-07-23T08:19:28Z"],["dc.date.issued","2018"],["dc.description.abstract","Understanding beta-diversity, i.e. species turnover in space and time, is essential for informing conservation actions. Soaring cultivation of mass flowering crops (e.g. oil seed rape OSR) and loss of semi-natural habitats (SNH) can strongly affect populations of native pollinators, yet it remains unclear how OSR and SNH affect spatial and temporal turnover of pollinator communities. Here, we examined how the landscape-scale proportions of OSR and SNH affect spatial and temporal community turnover in solitary bees and hoverflies, two key provider groups of pollination and pest control services in temperate agro-ecosystems. Using a novel grid-based landscape-wide sampling approach, we quantified pollinator communities within ten 1 km × 1 km landscapes representing independent gradients in OSR and SNH availability. We sampled during and after OSR flowering, in two subsequent years, yielding app. 8800 specimens representing 160 species. Spatial community turnover, measured as the slope of the dissimilarity-distance relationship, was not influenced by the proportion of OSR at any time. In contrast, SNH decreased community turnover for bees during OSR flowering and for hoverflies after flowering, likely caused by pollinator movement between land use types. This suggests that a high availability of SNH may help to promote an even distribution of native bees and hoverflies within temperate agricultural landscapes, hereby potentially stabilizing landscape-wide pollination services."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1016/j.biocon.2018.01.016"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/61885"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.relation.issn","0006-3207"],["dc.title","Spatial community turnover of pollinators is relaxed by semi-natural habitats, but not by mass-flowering crops in agricultural landscapes"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.artnumber","20172242"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","1872"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Proceedings. Biological sciences"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","285"],["dc.contributor.author","Hass, Annika L."],["dc.contributor.author","Kormann, Urs G."],["dc.contributor.author","Tscharntke, Teja"],["dc.contributor.author","Clough, Yann"],["dc.contributor.author","Bosem Baillod, Aliette"],["dc.contributor.author","Sirami, Clélia"],["dc.contributor.author","Fahrig, Lenore"],["dc.contributor.author","Martin, Jean-Louis"],["dc.contributor.author","Baudry, Jacques"],["dc.contributor.author","Bertrand, Colette"],["dc.contributor.author","Bosch, Jordi"],["dc.contributor.author","Brotons, Lluís"],["dc.contributor.author","Burel, Françoise"],["dc.contributor.author","Georges, Romain"],["dc.contributor.author","Giralt, David"],["dc.contributor.author","Marcos-García, María Á."],["dc.contributor.author","Ricarte, Antonio"],["dc.contributor.author","Siriwardena, Gavin"],["dc.contributor.author","Batáry, Péter"],["dc.date.accessioned","2019-07-23T08:23:00Z"],["dc.date.available","2019-07-23T08:23:00Z"],["dc.date.issued","2018"],["dc.description.abstract","Agricultural intensification is one of the main causes for the current biodiversity crisis. While reversing habitat loss on agricultural land is challenging, increasing the farmland configurational heterogeneity (higher field border density) and farmland compositional heterogeneity (higher crop diversity) has been proposed to counteract some habitat loss. Here, we tested whether increased farmland configurational and compositional heterogeneity promote wild pollinators and plant reproduction in 229 landscapes located in four major western European agricultural regions. High-field border density consistently increased wild bee abundance and seed set of radish (Raphanus sativus), probably through enhanced connectivity. In particular, we demonstrate the importance of crop-crop borders for pollinator movement as an additional experiment showed higher transfer of a pollen analogue along crop-crop borders than across fields or along semi-natural crop borders. By contrast, high crop diversity reduced bee abundance, probably due to an increase of crop types with particularly intensive management. This highlights the importance of crop identity when higher crop diversity is promoted. Our results show that small-scale agricultural systems can boost pollinators and plant reproduction. Agri-environmental policies should therefore aim to halt and reverse the current trend of increasing field sizes and to reduce the amount of crop types with particularly intensive management."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1098/rspb.2017.2242"],["dc.identifier.pmid","29445017"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/61886"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.relation.eissn","1471-2954"],["dc.relation.issn","0962-8452"],["dc.relation.issn","1471-2954"],["dc.title","Landscape configurational heterogeneity by small-scale agriculture, not crop diversity, maintains pollinators and plant reproduction in western Europe"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","82"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","1"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Community Ecology"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","87"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","13"],["dc.contributor.author","Herrmann, J. D."],["dc.contributor.author","Kormann, Urs"],["dc.contributor.author","Schueepp, C."],["dc.contributor.author","Stocker, Y."],["dc.contributor.author","Herzog, F."],["dc.contributor.author","Entling, Martin H."],["dc.date.accessioned","2018-11-07T09:09:46Z"],["dc.date.available","2018-11-07T09:09:46Z"],["dc.date.issued","2012"],["dc.description.abstract","Habitat isolation is expected to reduce population densities of animals via reduced immigration. However, altered trophic interactions in isolated habitats may modify these effects, especially since the strength of isolation effects is expected to increase with trophic rank. Here, we studied effects of habitat isolation on a food-web module consisting of herbivorous beetles, predatory spiders, spider-preying wasps and arthropod-feeding birds. We compare two systems that were studied in subsequent years: a study on 29 mature apple orchards that varied in the degree of isolation from forest, and a study on 20 groups of newly planted cherry trees that showed similar variation in their degree of habitat isolation. No birds were observed on the young fruit trees. Wasps and spiders showed the expected lower abundances in isolated habitats. On mature trees, birds were present and showed lower abundances in isolated habitats. Wasps were reduced to a similar degree by habitat isolation as on the young trees. Surprisingly, spider densities on the mature trees were higher in isolated than in connected habitat. This contrasting response of spiders to habitat isolation is likely to be due to release from bird predation in isolated mature orchards. In both study systems, beetles showed no significant effect of habitat isolation. Our results confirm that the sensitivity to fragmentation increases with trophic rank, and suggest that trophic interactions should receive more attention in fragmentation studies."],["dc.description.sponsorship","Swiss National Science foundation [3100A0-114058]"],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1556/ComEc.13.2012.1.10"],["dc.identifier.isi","000305074400010"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/26336"],["dc.notes.status","zu prüfen"],["dc.notes.submitter","Najko"],["dc.relation.issn","1585-8553"],["dc.title","Effects of habitat isolation and predation pressure on an arboreal food-web"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","yes"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.artnumber","20152347"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","1823"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Proceedings of The Royal Society B Biological Sciences"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","283"],["dc.contributor.author","Kormann, Urs"],["dc.contributor.author","Scherber, Christoph"],["dc.contributor.author","Tscharntke, Teja"],["dc.contributor.author","Klein, Nadja"],["dc.contributor.author","Larbig, Manuel"],["dc.contributor.author","Valente, Jonathon J."],["dc.contributor.author","Hadley, Adam S."],["dc.contributor.author","Betts, Matthew G."],["dc.date.accessioned","2018-11-07T10:19:09Z"],["dc.date.available","2018-11-07T10:19:09Z"],["dc.date.issued","2016"],["dc.description.abstract","Tropical biodiversity and associated ecosystem functions have become heavily eroded through habitat loss. Animal-mediated pollination is required in more than 94% of higher tropical plant species and 75% of the world's leading food crops, but it remains unclear if corridors avert deforestation-driven pollination breakdown in fragmented tropical landscapes. Here, we used manipulative resource experiments and field observations to show that corridors functionally connect neotropical forest fragments for forest-associated hummingbirds and increase pollen transfer. Further, corridors boosted forest-associated pollinator availability in fragments by 14.3 times compared with unconnected equivalents, increasing overall pollination success. Plants in patches without corridors showed pollination rates equal to bagged control flowers, indicating pollination failure in isolated fragments. This indicates, for the first time, that corridors benefit tropical forest ecosystems beyond boosting local species richness, by functionally connecting mutualistic network partners. We conclude that small-scale adjustments to landscape configuration safeguard native pollinators and associated pollination services in tropical forest landscapes."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1098/rspb.2015.2347"],["dc.identifier.isi","000375858400011"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/41607"],["dc.notes.status","zu prüfen"],["dc.notes.submitter","Najko"],["dc.publisher","Royal Soc"],["dc.relation.issn","1471-2954"],["dc.relation.issn","0962-8452"],["dc.title","Corridors restore animal-mediated pollination in fragmented tropical forest landscapes"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","yes"],["dc.type.status","published"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","1204"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","10"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Diversity and Distributions"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","1217"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","21"],["dc.contributor.author","Kormann, Urs"],["dc.contributor.author","Rösch, Verena"],["dc.contributor.author","Batáry, Péter"],["dc.contributor.author","Tscharntke, Teja"],["dc.contributor.author","Orci, Kirill Márk"],["dc.contributor.author","Samu, Ferenc"],["dc.contributor.author","Scherber, Christoph"],["dc.contributor.editor","Kühn, Ingolf"],["dc.date.accessioned","2017-09-07T11:50:43Z"],["dc.date.available","2017-09-07T11:50:43Z"],["dc.date.issued","2015"],["dc.description.abstract","AimBiodiversity across the globe is heavily eroded by intensified management at local and landscape scales. Species communities of calcareous grasslands, which are among Europe's most diverse habitats, are severely threatened by the cessation of appropriate traditional management, loss of habitat connectivity and simplification of the surrounding landscape. However, our understanding of these often interrelated factors remains limited, in particular for trait-mediated responses across taxa. Here, we test the independent effects of local management (grazing, mowing and abandonment), habitat connectivity (measured by a connectivity index) and landscape complexity (indicated by the percentage of arable land) on nine taxa: plants, butterflies, bees, grasshoppers, hoverflies, spiders, true bugs, rove beetles and leafhoppers on small semi-natural calcareous grassland remnants (< 1 ha).LocationCentral Germany.MethodsWe use a joint analysis across taxa to identify general and trait-mediated responses (body size and Red List status) in species richness, abundance and community composition.ResultsWe identified three key drivers of local diversity patterns: First, an increasing proportion of arable land from 10% to 80% led to a 29% loss of overall species richness. Second, despite differences between taxa, increasing habitat connectivity generally enhanced species richness. Connectivity effects were more accentuated in the large species per taxon, which can be expected to be good dispersers. Finally, grazing reduced species richness and abundance much more than annual mowing or short-term abandonment (5–15 years), in particular for red-listed species. We attribute this to plant resource removal through overgrazing and trampling.Main conclusionsFor the conservation management of small calcareous grasslands, we advocate an alternating strategy of mowing or lenient grazing and short-term abandonment, prioritizing connected fragments surrounded by diverse landscapes. Despite taxon-specific responses, our study across nine taxa demonstrates universal, trait-mediated effects of management, landscape complexity and connectivity on local biodiversity in fragmented communities."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1111/ddi.12324"],["dc.identifier.gro","3149889"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/6597"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.status","final"],["dc.relation.issn","1366-9516"],["dc.title","Local and landscape management drive trait-mediated biodiversity of nine taxa on small grassland fragments"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","unknown"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","no"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","127"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","133"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","235"],["dc.contributor.author","Madeira, Filipe"],["dc.contributor.author","Tscharntke, Teja"],["dc.contributor.author","Elek, Zoltán"],["dc.contributor.author","Kormann, Urs G."],["dc.contributor.author","Pons, Xavier"],["dc.contributor.author","Rösch, Verena"],["dc.contributor.author","Samu, Ferenc"],["dc.contributor.author","Scherber, Christoph"],["dc.contributor.author","Batáry, Péter"],["dc.date.accessioned","2017-09-07T11:50:10Z"],["dc.date.available","2017-09-07T11:50:10Z"],["dc.date.issued","2016"],["dc.description.abstract","Spillover effects of organisms from semi-natural habitats to adjacent crops have been frequently reported, yet evidence for the reversed process and associated functional consequences remains scarce. We examined the spillover of carabids, rove beetles and spiders from agricultural lands to protected, high-nature value calcareous grasslands by comparing two neighbourhood types: seven calcareous grasslands neighbouring intensively managed winter wheat fields and seven calcareous grasslands neighbouring intensively managed meadows in Germany. We examined arthropod activity density with repeated pitfall trapping in both the edge and the interior of all three habitat types (14 study sites). All three arthropod groups showed consistently higher activity density in calcareous grasslands adjacent to wheat fields than calcareous grasslands adjacent to meadows, apparently through spillover effects. Activity density of carabids and spiders exhibited a decline from the interior to the edge of the wheat fields and to even lower density at the edge and lowest density in the interior of the calcareous grassland. Carabid spillover from both neighbouring habitats to grasslands was driven by a dominant predatory species, Pterostichus melanarius, whereas Oedothorax apicatus was the dominant contributor to spider spillover from wheat to grasslands. Our results show that neighbourhood identity (wheat or meadow) can shape arthropod density and community composition in semi-natural habitats due to spillover of carabid beetles, spiders and rove beetles from adjacent crop fields. Neighbourhood effects on spillover are thus more accentuated at the cropland-grassland interface compared to the meadow-grassland boundary, with small grasslands being particularly affected due to their high edge-to-interior ratios. Our results suggest that meadows around high-nature value, protected grassland reserves, may be important conservation elements by attenuating arthropod spillover from arable crops. Such spillover may compromise the identity, structure and functioning of endangered communities."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1016/j.agee.2016.10.012"],["dc.identifier.gro","3149854"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/6558"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.notes.status","public"],["dc.relation.issn","0167-8809"],["dc.title","Spillover of arthropods from cropland to protected calcareous grassland – the neighbouring habitat matters"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","unknown"],["dc.type.peerReviewed","no"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]

[["dc.bibliographiccitation.firstpage","1045"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.issue","5"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.journal","Landscape Ecology"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.lastpage","1056"],["dc.bibliographiccitation.volume","34"],["dc.contributor.author","Kormann, Urs G."],["dc.contributor.author","Scherber, Christoph"],["dc.contributor.author","Tscharntke, Teja"],["dc.contributor.author","Batáry, Péter"],["dc.contributor.author","Rösch, Verena"],["dc.date.accessioned","2019-07-23T06:54:52Z"],["dc.date.available","2019-07-23T06:54:52Z"],["dc.date.issued","2019"],["dc.description.abstract","Context Global change pressures (GCPs) imperil species and associated ecosystem functions, but studies investigating interactions of landscape-scale pressures remain scarce. Loss of species-rich habitat and agricultural expansion are major threats for biodiversity, but if or how these factors interactively determine community-level shifts and conservation outcomes remains unclear. Objectives We tested whether matrix simplification (dominance of cropland) and reduced connectivity (i.e. landscape-scale habitat loss) either additively, synergistically or antagonistically cause community shifts in butterflies, a group of high conservation relevance. Methods We surveyed butterflies on 30 small calcareous grassland fragments (< 1 ha) in Central Germany, representing independent gradients in grassland connectivity (an index combining grassland area and proximity), and matrix quality (landscape proportion of cropland). Using proportional odds logistic regression, we assessed whether connectivity and matrix quality interactively altered the distribution of Red List statuses, and assessed effects of local scale management (mowing, grazing, short-term abandonment). Results We found synergistic, conservation relevant effects: Connectivity boosted the proportion of red-listed species from 20 to 52% in crop land poor landscapes, but not in crop land rich landscapes, particularly driven by endangered and critically endangered species. Grazed sites had the lowest species richness, abundance, and proportions of conservation relevant butterflies. Implications Mitigation measures targeting one landscape-scale pressure only may be inefficient, particularly for red-listed species. Increasing habitat connectivity bolsters butterfly communities and potential pollination services, but only if accompanied by measures to soften the matrix. Hence, halting biodiversity losses needs better understanding and implementation of complex conservation measures at the landscape scale."],["dc.identifier.doi","10.1007/s10980-019-00835-6"],["dc.identifier.uri","https://resolver.sub.uni-goettingen.de/purl?gro-2/61855"],["dc.language.iso","en"],["dc.relation.issn","0921-2973"],["dc.relation.issn","1572-9761"],["dc.title","Connectedness of habitat fragments boosts conservation benefits for butterflies, but only in landscapes with little cropland"],["dc.type","journal_article"],["dc.type.internalPublication","yes"],["dspace.entity.type","Publication"]]