Anxiety and stress-induced disorders. Towards a neurobiologically based psychotherapy

Anxiety and stress-induced disorders are used in this contribution as an example to demonstrate how effectively neurobiological research findings can be used to improve psychotherapeutical interventions. The acquisition and facilitation of maladaptive coping strategies is the result of the activation of a cascade of emergency reactions which cannot be halted by the activation of available pro-adaptive coping strategies. Such experiences of uncontrollability and helplessness undermine the most essential resources to deal with stress and pave the way to the manifestation of disturbances at the level of secure attachment, self-efficacy, trust, affect control, self-regulation etc. Psychotherapeutic interventions will be most effective if they focus on the restoration of the resources at the level at which the maladaptive coping pattern became primarily stabilized (relational, emotional, cognitive approaches).